Changes

Clastic depositional environments range from alpine to abyssal settings ([[:file:lithofacies-and-environmental-analysis-of-clastic-depositional-systems_fig3.png|Figure 3]] and Table 2). Detailed reviews of these are given by Galloway and Hobday,<ref name=pt06r36>Galloway, W. E., Hobday, D. K., 1983, Terrigenous Clastic Depositional Systems Applications to Petroleum, Coal, and Uranium Exploration: New York, Springer Verlag, 423 p.</ref> Walker,<ref name=pt06r147 /> Berg,<ref name=pt06r14>Berg, R. R., 1986, Reservoir Sandstones: Englewood Cliffs, N., J., Prentice-Hall, 481 p.</ref> Reading,<ref name=pt06r107>Reading, H. G., ed., 1986, Sedimentary Environments and Facies, 2nd ed.: Boston, MA, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 615 p.</ref> Beaumont and Foster,<ref name=pt06r11>Beaumont, E. A., Foster, N. H., 1987, Reservoirs II—Sandstones: AAPG Treatise of Petroleum Geology Reprint Series No. 4, 573 p.</ref> and others. The following review is a cursory summary of the origin, lithofacies, geometry, and reservoir properties of major clastic environments and deposits. The reader should be aware that the remarks offered here for each depositional environment are necessarily of a highly generalized and idealized nature. Siliciclastic reservoirs are typically composed of multiple bodies deposited (and eroded) through time under varying [[Tectonics|tectonic]], [[Sea level cycle phase|sea level]], and [[Biogeography|climatic conditions]]. Corresponding geometry, vertical sequence, [[Quick-look lithology from logs|wireline log character]], and [[reservoir quality]] trends for a given reservoir may be, and often are, different from the generalized “single environment” models. In addition, subsequent [[diagenesis]] (see [[Evaluating diagenetically complex reservoirs]]) may alter the [[permeability]] and [[porosity]] structure created by depositional (and erosional) processes. However, it has been often observed that in siliciclastic rocks, diagenesis generally follows depositional fabric . Complex structural patterns can reduce reservoir continuity as well.

Clastic depositional environments range from alpine to abyssal settings ([[:file:lithofacies-and-environmental-analysis-of-clastic-depositional-systems_fig3.png|Figure 3]] and Table 2). Detailed reviews of these are given by Galloway and Hobday,<ref name=pt06r36>Galloway, W. E., Hobday, D. K., 1983, Terrigenous Clastic Depositional Systems Applications to Petroleum, Coal, and Uranium Exploration: New York, Springer Verlag, 423 p.</ref> Walker,<ref name=pt06r147 /> Berg,<ref name=pt06r14>Berg, R. R., 1986, Reservoir Sandstones: Englewood Cliffs, N., J., Prentice-Hall, 481 p.</ref> Reading,<ref name=pt06r107>Reading, H. G., ed., 1986, Sedimentary Environments and Facies, 2nd ed.: Boston, MA, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 615 p.</ref> Beaumont and Foster,<ref name=pt06r11>Beaumont, E. A., Foster, N. H., 1987, Reservoirs II—Sandstones: AAPG Treatise of Petroleum Geology Reprint Series No. 4, 573 p.</ref> and others. The following review is a cursory summary of the origin, lithofacies, geometry, and reservoir properties of major clastic environments and deposits. The reader should be aware that the remarks offered here for each depositional environment are necessarily of a highly generalized and idealized nature. Siliciclastic reservoirs are typically composed of multiple bodies deposited (and eroded) through time under varying [[Tectonics|tectonic]], [[Sea level cycle phase|sea level]], and [[Biogeography|climatic conditions]]. Corresponding geometry, vertical sequence, [[Quick-look lithology from logs|wireline log character]], and [[reservoir quality]] trends for a given reservoir may be, and often are, different from the generalized “single environment” models. In addition, subsequent [[diagenesis]] (see [[Evaluating diagenetically complex reservoirs]]) may alter the [[permeability]] and [[porosity]] structure created by depositional (and erosional) processes. However, it has been often observed that in siliciclastic rocks, diagenesis generally follows depositional fabric . Complex structural patterns can reduce reservoir continuity as well.

'''Major clastic depositional environments'''

* Alluvial sediments

|+ {{table number|2}}Major clastic depositional environments

** Alluvial fans

** Fan deltas

| Alluvial sediments

** Braided rivers

** Meandering rivers

|    Alluvial fans

* Lacustrine sediments

** Lake deltas

|    Fan deltas

** Freshwater lakes

** Saline lakes

* Eolian sediments

|    Braided rivers

** Interdune deposits

** Sand sheets

|    Meandering rivers

* Deltaic sediments

** River-dominated deltas

| Lacustrine sediments

** Wave-dominated deltas

** Tidally dominated deltas

|    Lake deltas

* Siliciclastic shoreline sediment

** Wave-dominated shorelines

|    Freshwater lakes

** Microtidal barrier islands

|    Saline lakes

** Mixed wave-tide influenced shorelines

| Eolian sediments

** Mesotidal barrier islands

** Tide-dominated shorelines

** Tidal flats

|    Interdune deposits

* Shallow siliciclastic seas

** Tidal sand ridges

|    Sand sheets

** Sand shoals

** Sand sheets

| Deltaic sediments

* Deep marine slope and basin

** Slope channel and gully deposits

|    River-dominated deltas

** Slope canyon deposits

** Intraslope basin deposits

|    Wave-dominated deltas

** Sand spillover sheets

** Slope aprons

|    Tidally dominated deltas

** Submarine fans

* Glacial sediments

| Siliciclastic shoreline sediment

|    Wave-dominated shorelines

|       Microtidal barrier islands

|    Mixed wave-tide influenced shorelines

|       Mesotidal barrier islands

|    Tide-dominated shorelines

|    Tidal flats

| Shallow siliciclastic seas

|    Tidal sand ridges

|    Sand shoals

|    Sand sheets

| Deep marine slope and basin

|    Slope channel and gully deposits

|    Slope canyon deposits

|    Intraslope basin deposits

|    Sand spillover sheets

|    Slope aprons

|    Submarine fans

| Glacial sediments

===Alluvial fan deposits===

===Alluvial fan deposits===