| Sequence-stratigraphic analyses rely on a firm understanding of the nature and character of the rocks under consideration to properly recognize the expression of stratigraphic surfaces and stratal packages in particular depositional systems. In addressing the nature of FGRs, there has been a significant variation in the usage of some of the terms used to describe these rocks. For a detailed discussion and comparison of different terms and classifications of FGRs, see [[Mudstone nomenclature]], as well as Ingram<ref>Ingram, R. L., 1953, Fissility of mudrocks: Bulletin of Geological Society of America, v. 64, p. 869–878.</ref>; Tourtelot<ref>Tourtelot, H. A., 1960, Origin and use of the word “shale”: American Journal of Science, v. 258A, p. 335–343.</ref>; Folk<ref> Folk, R. L., 1965, Petrology of sedimentary rocks, 1st edition: Austin, Texas, Hemphill’s, 159 p.</ref><ref>Folk, R. L., 1968, Petrology of sedimentary rocks, 2nd edition: Austin, Texas, Hemphill’s, 170 p.</ref>; Picard<ref>Picard, D. M., 1971, Classification of fine-grained sedimentary rocks: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 41, p. 179–195.</ref>; Blatt et al.<ref>Blatt, H., G. Middleton, and R. Murray, 1980, Origin of sedimentary rocks: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 782 p.</ref>; Lundegard and Samuels<ref>Lundegard, P. D., and N. D. Samuels, 1980, Field classification of fine-grained sedimentary rocks: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 50, p. 781–786.</ref>; Potter et al.<ref>Potter, P. E., J. B. Maynard, and W. A. Pryor, 1980, Sedimentology of shale: Study guide and reference source: New York, Springer-Verlag, 303 p.</ref><ref>Potter, P. E., J. B. Maynard, and P. J. Depetris, 2005, Mud and mudstones: Introduction and overview: New York, Springer, 297 p.</ref>; Spears<ref>Spears, D. A., 1980, Towards a classification of shales: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 137, p. 125–129.</ref>; Stow<ref>Stow, D. A., 1981, Fine-grained sediments: Terminology: Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrology, v. 14, p. 243–244.</ref>; Macquaker and Adams<ref>Macquaker, J. H. S., and A. E. Adams, 2003, Maximizing information from fine-grained sedimentary rocks: An inclusive nomenclature for mudstones: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 73, p. 735–744.</ref>; Lazar et al.<ref name=Lzr2010>Lazar, O. R., K. M. Bohacs, J. H. S. Macquaker, and J. Schieber, 2010, Fine-grained rocks in outcrops: Classification and description guidelines, in J. Schieber, O. R. Lazar, and K. M. Bohacs, eds., Sedimentology and stratigraphy of shales: Expressions and correlation of depositional sequences in the Devonian of Tennessee, Kentucky, and Indiana: AAPG Field Guide for SEPM Field Trip 10, p. 3–14.</ref>/><ref name=Lzr2015a /><ref name=Lzr2015b>Lazar, O. R., K. M. Bohacs, J. Schieber, J. H. S. Macquaker, and T. M. Demko, 2015b, Mudstone primer: Lithofacies variations, diagnostic criteria, and sedimentologic/stratigraphic implications at lamina to bedset scales: SEPM Concepts in Sedimentology and Paleontology 12, 200 p.</ref>. Here, we recommend the use of “mudstone” as a class name for all FGRs based on their key attribute of grain size, in direct analogy with other sedimentary rock names such as “sandstone” and “limestone.” The following are the key attributes of mudstone to keep in mind throughout this book and in your interpretation of mudstone strata. | | Sequence-stratigraphic analyses rely on a firm understanding of the nature and character of the rocks under consideration to properly recognize the expression of stratigraphic surfaces and stratal packages in particular depositional systems. In addressing the nature of FGRs, there has been a significant variation in the usage of some of the terms used to describe these rocks. For a detailed discussion and comparison of different terms and classifications of FGRs, see [[Mudstone nomenclature]], as well as Ingram<ref>Ingram, R. L., 1953, Fissility of mudrocks: Bulletin of Geological Society of America, v. 64, p. 869–878.</ref>; Tourtelot<ref>Tourtelot, H. A., 1960, Origin and use of the word “shale”: American Journal of Science, v. 258A, p. 335–343.</ref>; Folk<ref> Folk, R. L., 1965, Petrology of sedimentary rocks, 1st edition: Austin, Texas, Hemphill’s, 159 p.</ref><ref>Folk, R. L., 1968, Petrology of sedimentary rocks, 2nd edition: Austin, Texas, Hemphill’s, 170 p.</ref>; Picard<ref>Picard, D. M., 1971, Classification of fine-grained sedimentary rocks: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 41, p. 179–195.</ref>; Blatt et al.<ref>Blatt, H., G. Middleton, and R. Murray, 1980, Origin of sedimentary rocks: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 782 p.</ref>; Lundegard and Samuels<ref>Lundegard, P. D., and N. D. Samuels, 1980, Field classification of fine-grained sedimentary rocks: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 50, p. 781–786.</ref>; Potter et al.<ref>Potter, P. E., J. B. Maynard, and W. A. Pryor, 1980, Sedimentology of shale: Study guide and reference source: New York, Springer-Verlag, 303 p.</ref><ref>Potter, P. E., J. B. Maynard, and P. J. Depetris, 2005, Mud and mudstones: Introduction and overview: New York, Springer, 297 p.</ref>; Spears<ref>Spears, D. A., 1980, Towards a classification of shales: Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 137, p. 125–129.</ref>; Stow<ref>Stow, D. A., 1981, Fine-grained sediments: Terminology: Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrology, v. 14, p. 243–244.</ref>; Macquaker and Adams<ref>Macquaker, J. H. S., and A. E. Adams, 2003, Maximizing information from fine-grained sedimentary rocks: An inclusive nomenclature for mudstones: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 73, p. 735–744.</ref>; Lazar et al.<ref name=Lzr2010>Lazar, O. R., K. M. Bohacs, J. H. S. Macquaker, and J. Schieber, 2010, Fine-grained rocks in outcrops: Classification and description guidelines, in J. Schieber, O. R. Lazar, and K. M. Bohacs, eds., Sedimentology and stratigraphy of shales: Expressions and correlation of depositional sequences in the Devonian of Tennessee, Kentucky, and Indiana: AAPG Field Guide for SEPM Field Trip 10, p. 3–14.</ref>/><ref name=Lzr2015a /><ref name=Lzr2015b>Lazar, O. R., K. M. Bohacs, J. Schieber, J. H. S. Macquaker, and T. M. Demko, 2015b, Mudstone primer: Lithofacies variations, diagnostic criteria, and sedimentologic/stratigraphic implications at lamina to bedset scales: SEPM Concepts in Sedimentology and Paleontology 12, 200 p.</ref>. Here, we recommend the use of “mudstone” as a class name for all FGRs based on their key attribute of grain size, in direct analogy with other sedimentary rock names such as “sandstone” and “limestone.” The following are the key attributes of mudstone to keep in mind throughout this book and in your interpretation of mudstone strata. |