Search results

...ing facies association A and B, by Tomassini et al. (2014). A) mixed ramp. B) siliciclastic platform.

...contour map drawn on the J horizon. (c) Structure contour map drawn on the B horizon. From AAPG Bulletin, V. 91, No. 3 (March 2007), P. 343-363, by Hong

...xamples of leaks from a major structure. HCH in a) has a lower height than b). c) has a spill point value that is above the crest depth so that no leaka

.... Sharp changes in saturation correspond to elevations of facies changes. (b) Oil-water contact corresponding to capillary pressure curves. The free wat

...on difference between contacts 1 and 2. The displacement pressure of fault B results in the elevation difference between contacts 1 and 3. The displacem

Wireline equipment, (a) Lubricator, (b) Typical string.

...e adapted from Berggren et al., 1985a, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ch17r13">b}} ...e adapted from Berggren et al., 1985a, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ch17r13">b.

...its. From Deltaic environments of deposition, 1981, Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, in AAPG Memoir 31.

a) HCH from constant burial depth & b) using the formula Bretan, P. et al (2003).

...ons. From Deltaic environments of deposition, 1981, Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, in AAPG Memoir 31.

(a) Packed bottom hole assembly, (b) Fulcrum effect for build angle.

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, in Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, eds.,

(a) Tapered mill, (b) Flat mill.

(a) Random points. (b) Clustered points.

(a) Off end shooting. (b) Split spread shooting.

Schematic diagram of (a) steady-state and (b) unsteady-state apparatus.

...Units A and B are not in fluid communication with each other, Units A and B appear to represent separate reservoir compartments (Suhas Talukdar, Core L

{{copyright|reservoir to surface. (a)Oil-productive formation. (b) Gas-productive formation. (Courtesy of Core Laboratories, a Division of We ...d contents. Copyright: reservoir to surface. (a)Oil-productive formation. (b) Gas-productive formation. (Courtesy of Core Laboratories, a Division of We

(a) Unmigrated and (b) migrated stack of DMO-processed data from the Gulf of Mexico.

Two types of flowmeters, (a) Full bore flowmeter, (b) Diverting basket type flowmeter.

(a) Steerable bottom hole assembly, (b) Kicking off with a bent sub and straight mud motor.

Semisubmersible rigs, (a) Pontoon type semisubmersible. (b) Twin hull semisubmersible. (From Whittaker, 1985.)

...its. ote the lack of disturbance in these deposits. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

Cross sections showing that surfaces that intersect due to (a) baselap or (b) truncation will incorrectly cross one another.

(a) Typical buildup curve shape with flow barrier, (b) Doubling of slope on Horner plot for well near barrier.

...tem. From Deltaic environments of deposition, 1981, Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, in AAPG Memoir 31.

...7] A) Faulted horizon surface. The small black box is the location of B-E. B-D) Channels lateral geometry on different horizon levels. E) Restoration us

...se EM resistivity image between OBS1 and OBS2. (A) before water injection (B) After four months of water injection

Wellbore diagram of (a) an open hole completion and (b) a slotted liner completion.

...depositional accumulations, an interpretation consistent with Units A and B representing separate compartments with different oil-water contacts. From

The source position (A or B) should be chosen so that the travel path to each receiver is as nearly ver

...he same surface data. (a) Unconstrained extrapolation into nondata areas. (b) Contours constrained to areas near data.

Qualitative description of perforations using (a) a casing gun and (b) a thru-tubing gun.

(a) Cross section and (b) net pay Isopach map of the Strachan gas field, western Canada. Contour Int

Schematic 3D geometry of salt structures rising from a) line sources and b) point sources. Note the complexity in all directions resulting from salt d

A spider diagram illustrating source parameters. A) Aliphatic hydrocarbons, b) aromatic hydrocarbons from oil inclusions and crude oil.

Generalized pre-Mesozoic stratigraphic column for (A) northwest and (B) east-central Saudi Arabian Basin. From AAPG Memoir 114: Petroleum Systems

...its. From Deltaic environments of deposition, 1981, Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, in AAPG Memoir 31.

{{copyright|a marine 3-D survey. (b) The corresponding 2-D migrated section. (c) The 3-D migrated section. (Dat (a) A CMP-stacked section. Copyright: a marine 3-D survey. (b) The corresponding 2-D migrated section. (c) The 3-D migrated section. (Dat

Examples of the source-receiver positions involved in (a and b) zero offset and (c and d) offset VSP recording geometries.

(a) X-ray fluoroscopy slab photograph and (b) plane light slab photograph of a Pennsylvanian sandstone from Oklahoma.

...ation ability for sealing capacity in reservoir (a) Clay Smear Potential; (b) Shale Gouge Ratio; (c) Shale Smear Factor (Yielding et al, 1997).

...mple normal fault with increasing linear displacement from left to right. (B) Generic juxtaposition diagram with the order of the footwall completely of

Histograms showing (a) average porosity values and (b) average permeability values for cored tight gas reservoir facies. (From Mo

(A) Geologic model used in seismic modeling of Figure 7 and (B) seismic section of the structure at Appleton field (modified from Balch an

Wellbore diagram of (a) a perforated completion and (b) a single completion inside perforated casing.

...f the GEMINI electron column (a) and the electron beam path in the column (b). From DOI: 10.1306/13391699M1023580

...icial plat of township sectionized and numbered, with adjoining sections. (b) Official plan of numbering Congressional Townships from meridians and base

...ng the uppermost part of the channel-fill deposits. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition in P. A. Scholle and D. Sp

Wireline formation tester. (a) Retracted configuration (tool closed). (b) Set configuration (tool set).

...for estimating clay smears in the fault plane. (a) Potential Clay Smear; (b) Shale Gouge Ratio; (c) Shale Smear Factor (redrawn from Yielding, 1997).

(a) Derivative type curve used to match derivatives of test data. (b) Shapes of derivatives of test data for various reservoir conditions.

...1. B. Firat, 2. B. Kayaköy, 3. B. Kozluca, 4. B. Malatepe, 5. B. Migo, 6. B. Raman, 7. Barbeş, 8. Baysu, 9. Beşikli, 10. Beyçayir, 11. Beykan, 12. B

Wellbore diagram of (a) a screen and liner completion and (b) a cement liner completion.

{{copyright|a marine 3-D survey and (b) a time-structure map of a marker horizon derived from the 3-D volume of mi (a) Selected time slices. Copyright: a marine 3-D survey and (b) a time-structure map of a marker horizon derived from the 3-D volume of mi

(a) Pseudo-relative permeability and (b) capillary pressure curves calculated for two-layer thicknesses compared to

Porosity thickness (ϕH) maps for the B and C zones from the San Andres Formation reservoir, Jordan field, Ector an

...st algorithms weight data isotropically and creat circular surface forms. (b) Single direction bias forces elliptical weighting, allowing surface form t

...ain. From Deltaic environments of deposition, 1981, Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, in AAPG Memoir 31.

Cumulative oil production map for the A, B, C, and D zones from the San Andres Formation reservoir, Jordan field, Ecto

...hs). From Deltaic environments of deposition, 1981, Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, in AAPG Memoir 31.

Two perforating methods: (a) Perforating overbalanced with a casing gun and (b) perforating underbalanced with a thrutubing gun.

...ay paths, intervals, and interfaces used to help explain the Dix formula. (b) The Dix formula for calculating interval velocities, which assumes that in

...ed) wells drilled in Mancos pools. A) In the period 2017-2020 (125 wells). B) In 2020 alone (11 wells). Contours show the top Dakota elevation, simplifi

...folded layer (Sub-Andean Zone, Bolivia), showing a) the deformed state and b) the restored state. c) Distribution of maximum principal stress that resul

FWAL microseismograms recorded (a) at two source-receiver separations and (b) In a “soft” formation at two source-receiver separations.

...t for sorting and sorting classes. (Modified from Pettijohn et al. 1987.) (b) Comparison chart for roundness and sphericity. (Modified from Powers, 1953

(a) Stratigraphic and (b) structural cross sections of the Ranger Formation in the Long Beach unit o

Wellbore diagram of (a) a casing-tubing dual completion and (b) a completion with dual packers and dual tubing strings.

...ed by the higher surface. (a) Cross section showing proper relationships. (b) Map showing surface contours and lines of baselap and truncation.

Sample examination area. (A) Binocular microscope. (B) Ultraviolet box. (C) Radioactivity metering device. (Photo. Copyright: Lon

(a) Structure map and (b) (next page) restored structure map showing fault gaps removed. Remaining g

Plot of two-blvariate distributions, showing overlap between groups A and B along both variables <italic>x</italic>₁ and <italic>x</italic><

Various types of seismic displays: (a) wiggle trace, (b) variable area, (c) variable area wiggle trace, and (d) variable density. C

...ing the procedure for plotting the metes and bounds property description, (b) The completed plot of the metes and bounds property description.

...istributary channel in the Mississippi River delta. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...ff gauge below the bottom packer on a straddle test. (A) running in hole; (B) initial flow period; (C) initial buildup; (D) final flow period; (E) final

(a) Block diagram showing the time that Is mapped for a time slice map. (b) Interval that is mapped on time interval map. (c) Time interval map.

...cs of slump deposits in the subaqueous delta plain. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...ric logs of two wells offshore Louisiana. Well A had normal pressure. Well B, 2000 ft away and across a growth fault, showed a sudden decrease in resist

...is 10 milliseconds per time line, or 7.6 m (25 ft). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...string. (a) Typical MFE inflate open hole string (straddle, off-bottom). (b) Typical MFE straddle string (open hole, conventional, off-bottom). (From F

...ew Mexico Oil and Gas Conservation Division whereas the well on the right (B) is designated as an oil well.

...ring zones, and abnormally pressured/gas-bearing zones for (A) direct and (B) indirect BCGAs. From Law, Ben E., 2002, Basin-centered gas systems: AAPG B

(a) Surface model built with no fault constraints. (b) Model of vertical separation. (c) Unfaulted structure model built after re

...ned distributary deposits in the lower delta plain. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition in P. A. Scholle and D. Sp

...of the bay-fill deposits in the lower delta plain. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition in P. A. Scholle and D. Sp

...tidal ridge deposits in the subaqueous delta plain. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

Typical models used in reservoir simulation. (a) Zero-dimensional tank. (b) One-dimensional linear. (c) One-dimensional radial. (d) Two-dimensional cr

...y-mouth bar deposits in the subaqueous delta plain. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...ental shelf off the modern Mississippi River delta. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...flex = ''Globorotalia flexuosa'', Trim A = ''Trimosina denticulata'', Hyal B = ''Hyalinea balthica'', Glob M = ''Globorotalia miocenica'', Glob alt = ''

...ppi River delta. Diameter of cores is 8 cm (3 in.). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition in P. A. Scholle and D. Sp

...ity function of 8300 ft/sec were used, errors of +6 ft at A and -440 ft at B would appear on the depth map.

...ons through the same data. (a) The surface model does not honor the data. (b) Surface is shifted to data by modeling the error between the data and the

...contemporary faults in the Mississippi River delta. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...ith the lower surface in areas of baselap (for cross section display) and (b) as missing in areas of baselap (for map display).

...e located inside and above the closing tool. (A) Add cushion/run in hole; (B) initial flow period; (C) initial shut-in period; (D) final flow period; (E

Standard mudiogger's work area. (A) Chromatograph. (B) Chromatograph chart. (C) Back-up chromatograph. (D) Depth and time monitor

...rse by the (a) tangential method (Craig and Randall, 1976; Dailey, 1977), (b) angle averaging method (Craig and Randall, 1976), and (c) balanced tangent

General layout of mudlogging unit. (A) Sample examination area. (B) Mudlogger's work area. (C) Sample preparation area. (Photo. Copyright: Lon

Carbonate classification schemes of (a) Folk (1959) and (b) Dunham (1962), both based on textures observed in hand specimen or thin se

...thickness is large in relation to the downdip deviation of the well path. (b) Change in dip produces an error in estimation of the true stratigraphic th

...e lower delta plain of the Mississippi River delta. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition in P. A. Scholle and D. Sp

(a) CMP stack showing reffections from a salt dome in the Gulf of Mexico. (b) Stack after DMO processing. Steep portions of diffractions and reflections

...average algorithm tend to “come back” to the average of near data values. (b) Acceptable surface extrapolation achieved by creating a first-order trend,

...ges. (A) Run in hole, gauge measuring hydrostatic pressure of mud column; (B) initial flow period; (C) initial buildup; (D) final flow period; (E) final

...f the bay infill. Diameter of core is 8 cm (3 in.). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition in P. A. Scholle and D. Sp

SE2 (a) and BSE1 (b) image of a cross section of a shale rock. Note that the contrast between c

(A) Pressure and temperature and (B) vitrinite reflectance gradients for the Belco 3ñ28 Merna well, northern G

...tacts indicative of hydrostatic conditions in homogeneous reservoir rock. (b) Tilted, flat contacts resulting from hydrodynamic conditions. (c) Contact

(a) Crude base map illustrating seismic line intersections. (b) Table showing misties at seismic line intersections (times in milliseconds

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

Separate surface models are built for each fault block. (a, b, and c) The surface for each fault block is allowed to extend past faults d

...tal bar deposit. Diameter of cores is 8 cm (3 in.). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...e marsh environments and cap the bay fill sequence. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition in P. A. Scholle and D. Sp

...aphic maps of the (A) main carrier horizon, lowermost Fatehgarh Formation (B) main source rock unit, the Sarovar Member of the Barmer Hill Formation, an

...te that this is the shallowest interval, so the shale is least compacted. (b) Cylinder shape, blocky. Note that the SP log is featureless because the bo

...ay-fill sequence. Diameter of core is 8 cm (3 in.). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition in P. A. Scholle and D. Sp

(A) Pressure and temperature and (B) vitrinite reflectance gradients in the El Paso Natural Gas 1 Wagon Wheel w

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

...uth bar deposit. Diameter of cores is 8 cm (3 in.). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...th bar deposits. Diameter of cores is 8 cm (3 in.). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...ature (constant increase or decrease in deviation between survey points). (b) Minimum curvature method showing chord of single circle and the angle ϕ,

...the weight of the overburden, which it then parallels. In the case of line B, the increase of pressure above normal follows the aquathermal gradient (co

...ted by +) to the west of fault A can only see data in the hatchured area. (b) A grid node farther to the south of fault A can see more data, thus the su

...nit subdivisions of clastic and carbonate reservoirs. (a) Lithofacies and (b) flow unit subdivision of the Shannon Sandstone body in the Hartzog Draw fi

...ification and permeability profiles of (a) fining- or thinning-upward and (b) coarsening- or thickening-upward sequences. ''Fining'' and ''coarsening''

...-hued quartz grains indicate higher grade metamorphism (phyllite-schist). (b) Detail of a large quartz grain in center of image (arrow) displays multipl

...by marine clays. Diameter of cores is 8 cm (3 in.). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...d schematic map showing the depositional extent of the (A) South Brae and (B) North Brae submarine fan lobes within the Brae depositional system. Note t

...ent. From Deltaic environments of deposition, 1981, Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, in AAPG Memoir 31.

...between the structural spillpoint and the hydrocarbon–water contact) and (B) shows to or deeper than the structural spillpoint (presented as the vertic

...esive forces, the fluid spreads out on the surface and is termed wetting. (b) If cohesive forces exceed adhesive forces, the liquid beads up and is term

...graphic data can be displayed as chromatograms at different attenuations, (b) as star diagrams of selected peak height ratios, or (c) as data tables of

...plays that cap the distributary-mouth bar deposits. Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...e forces, the fluid spreads out on the surface and is termed ''wetting''. (b) If cohesive forces exceed adhesive forces, the liquid beads up and is term

...seismic interpretation from the Gullfaks field, Norwegian North Sea, and (b) a plaster model deformed by plane strain extension. The plaster model show

...g major faults and location of cross section AA' through the Jonah field. (B) Shaded areas along cross section AA' represent overpressured, gas-saturate

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

...seal by juxtaposing impermeable units against potential reservoir units. (B) In three dimensions, the interactions of juxtaposed units on the fault sur

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, in Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, eds.,

...ely 10-m water depth) to bottom (water depth 60 m). Coleman, J. M., and D. B. Prior, 1981, Deltaic environments of deposition ''in'' P. A. Scholle and D

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, in Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, eds.,

...ures that formed during late Precambrian to Late Carboniferous tectonism. (B) Hercynian structural trends caused by the Late Carboniferous collision bet

...ures that formed during late Precambrian to Late Carboniferous tectonism. (B) Hercynian structural trends caused by the Late Carboniferous collision bet

...oost Primary and EOR Production, Prudhoe Bay Field, Alaska , by R. S. Tye, B. A. Watson, P. L. McGuire, and M. M. Maguire, Pages 113 - 125, in AAPG Meth

...pression, Basakt Plateau, and Risha Limestone Plateau to the Iraqi border. b) Schematic north-south structural cross section from the Damascus Basin thr

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

...faults that are detectable by seismic surveys at reservoir depths. In map (b), every mapped fault is shown, with fault throws of between 10 cm (4 in.) a

...oost Primary and EOR Production, Prudhoe Bay Field, Alaska , by R. S. Tye, B. A. Watson, P. L. McGuire, and M. M. Maguire, Pages 113 - 125, in AAPG Meth

...essure of the Yowlumne Sandstone. The variations indicate that Units A and B may represent separate compartments that are not in fluid communication wit

.... Positions of cross fault spill points and synclinal spill points shown. (b) Fault plane section illustrating the synclinal and cross fault spill point

...rtical saturation profile. Note also the wide transition zone in rock type B caused by poor sorting of the pore throats.

...rtical saturation profile. Note also the wide transition zone in rock type B caused by poor sorting of the pore throats.

...fer function are perfectly known, resulting in the exact response values. (b) Traditional approach—The input values are interpolated from sparse data

...oost Primary and EOR Production, Prudhoe Bay Field, Alaska , by R. S. Tye, B. A. Watson, P. L. McGuire, and M. M. Maguire, Pages 113 - 125, in AAPG Meth

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

...erpolation between these points is carried out using a half grid spacing. (b) Fault trajectory reconstruction by the Groshong (1989b) method uses simult

...ape of the Yowlumne Sandstone and the relationship of Yowlumne Units A and B to the anticlinal closure. From M. S. Clark, R. K. Prather, J. D. Melvin, 2

...with permission from, and &copy; by, the Society of Petroleum Engineers. (b) Horizontal well drilled to target oil within a mouth bar in the Ivishak Fo

...f structural relief between oil-water contacts in the lobes of Units A and B. From M. S. Clark, R. K. Prather, J. D. Melvin, 2003, Characterization and

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

...well revealing greater permeabilities in Bouma A layers relative to Bouma B and C layers, and slumped intervals. These variations result in the creatio

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, in Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, eds.,

...oost Primary and EOR Production, Prudhoe Bay Field, Alaska , by R. S. Tye, B. A. Watson, P. L. McGuire, and M. M. Maguire, Pages 113 - 125, in AAPG Meth

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

...oost Primary and EOR Production, Prudhoe Bay Field, Alaska , by R. S. Tye, B. A. Watson, P. L. McGuire, and M. M. Maguire, Pages 113 - 125, ''in'' AAPG

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

...t north across which there has been strong inversion. (B) West–east line B–B’ showing asymmetric half graben structure and the steep-sided nature of t

...oduction decreased from peak rates in 1971 to a low of 2000 BOPD in 1994. (b) Well activity by year in the South Pass 62 field. Dark gray bars indicate

...na (1993); 3, Webster (2003, 2005, 2007); 4, Sundberg and McCollum (2003a, b); 5, McCollum and Sundberg (2007); 6, Sundberg (1994, 2005); 7, Robison (19

...2012, Hicks, P. J. Jr., C. M. Fraticelli, J. D. Shosa, M. J. Hardy, and M. B. Townsley, ''in'' Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kacewicz, e

...rmation of fracture and oil charging, well LJ1, 3470.40 m (11,382.91 ft). (B) Two-phase aqueous fluid inclusions (yellow arrows) present in pre-TSR calc