Difference between revisions of "Basin-centered gas systems: gas resources"

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Globally, no resource data are available for basin-centered gas accumulations (BCGAs); however, where estimates of in place gas have been made the resources are very large: in-place gas resource estimates in the United States for a given BCGA are generally greater than 10 tcf (Table 1). Unfortunately, no comprehensive gas resource data exist for all BCGAs in the United States, in large part because BCGAs are not recognized as a distinct type of gas accumulation. However, an appreciation for the magnitude of the resource can be determined from estimates of in-place and recoverable gas in selected areas of the United States. Previous assessments of in-place gas in so-called tight and basin-centered accumulations in the United States are shown on Table 1. Using a volumetric methodology approach, in-place gas resources for the Piceance (Johnson et al., 1987), Greater Green River (Law et al., 1989), Wind River (Johnson et al., 1996), and Big Horn basins (Johnson et al., 1999) in the Rocky Mountain region were estimated at 6788 tcf. In-place gas estimates in other basins range from 334 to 777 tcf (Table 1).
+
Globally, no resource data are available for basin-centered gas accumulations (BCGAs); however, where estimates of in place gas have been made the resources are very large: in-place gas resource estimates in the United States for a given BCGA are generally greater than 10 tcf (Table 1). Unfortunately, no comprehensive gas resource data exist for all BCGAs in the United States, in large part because BCGAs are not recognized as a distinct type of gas accumulation. However, an appreciation for the magnitude of the resource can be determined from estimates of in-place and recoverable gas in selected areas of the United States. Previous assessments of in-place gas in so-called tight and basin-centered accumulations in the United States are shown on Table 1. Using a volumetric methodology approach, in-place gas resources for the Piceance,<ref name=Johnsonetal_1987>Johnson, R. C., R. A. Crovelli, C. W. Spencer, and R. F. Mast, 1987, An assessment of gas resources in low-permeability sandstones of the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group, Piceance basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-357, 165 p.</ref> Greater Green River,<ref name=Lawetal_1989>Law, B. E., C. W. Spencer, R. R. Charpentier, R. A. Crovelli, R. F. Mast, G. L. Dolton, and C. J. Wandrey, 1989, Estimates of gas resources in overpressured low-permeability Cretaceous and Tertiary sandstone reservoirs, Greater Green River basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah: 40th Annual Field Conference, Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook, p. 39-61.</ref> Wind River,<ref name=Johnsonetal_1996>Johnson, R. C., T. M. Finn, R. A. Crovelli, and R. H. Balay, 1996, An assessment of in-place gas resources in low-permeability Upper Cretaceous and lower Tertiary sandstone reservoirs, Wind River basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 96-264, 67 p.</ref> and Big Horn<ref name=Johnsonetal_1999>Johnson, R. C., R. A. Crovelli, B. G. Lowell, and T. M. Finn, 1999, An assessment of in-place gas resources in the low-permeability basin-centered gas accumulation of the Big Horn basin, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 99-315A, 123 p.</ref> basins in the Rocky Mountain region were estimated at 6788 tcf. In-place gas estimates in other basins range from 334 to 777 tcf (Table 1).
  
 
{| class = "wikitable"
 
{| class = "wikitable"
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|+ {{table number|1}}Estimates of in-place gas resources in tight and basin-centered gas accumulations in the United States
 
|+ {{table number|1}}Estimates of in-place gas resources in tight and basin-centered gas accumulations in the United States
 
|-
 
|-
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! Basin || FPC 1973 || FERC 1978 || Kuuskraa et al. 1978 || NPC 1980 || ICF 1990 || USGS 1987, 1989
+
! Basin || FPC<ref name=FPC_1973>Supply-Technical Advisory Task Force, 1973, Task force report: National gas supply, ''in'' National gas survey, v. 2: Washington, D.C., Federal Power Commission, 662 p.</ref> || FERC<ref name=FERC_1978>Supply-Technical Advisory Task Force, 1978, National gas survey, ''in'' Report to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission by the Supply-Technical Advisory Task Force on nonconventional natural gas resources: U.S. Department of Energy Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 108 p.</ref> || Kuuskraa et al.<ref name=Kuuskraaetal_1978>Kuuskraa, V. A., J. P. Brashear, T. M. Doscher, and L. E. Elkins, 1978, Enhanced recovery of unconventional gas, the program, v. 2: U.S. Department of Energy, HCP/T2705-02, 537 p.</ref> || NPC<ref name=NPC_1980>National Petroleum Council, 1980, Unconventional gas sources-tight gas reservoirs, part I, ''in'' National Petroleum Council Unconventional Gas Resource: Washington, D.C., National Petroleum Council, 222 p.</ref> || ICF<ref name=ICF_1990>Haas, M. R., 1990, Impact of improved technology on potential reserves of tight gas in east Texas and north Louisiana: ICF-Lewin, Inc., Topical Report GRI-90/0174, 119 p.</ref> || USGS<ref name=Johnsonetal_1987 /><ref name=Johnsonetal_1996 /><ref name=Johnsonetal_1999 /><ref name=Lawetal_1989 />
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Greater Green River || 240 || 240 || 91 || 136 || - || 5036
 
| Greater Green River || 240 || 240 || 91 || 136 || - || 5036
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| '''TOTAL || '''596''' || '''663''' || '''334''' || '''777''' || '''335''' || '''6788'''
 
| '''TOTAL || '''596''' || '''663''' || '''334''' || '''777''' || '''335''' || '''6788'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|} <sup>''FPC = Federal Power Commission (Supply-technical Advisory Task Force, 1973); FERC = Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Supply-Technical Advisory Task Force, 1978); NPC = National Petroleum Council (1980); ICF = ICF-Lewan, Inc. (Haas, 1990); USGS = U.S. Geological Survey (Johnson et al., 1987, 1996, 1999; Law et al., 1989). All values in tcf gas.''</sup>
+
|} <sup>''FPC = Federal Power Commission;<ref name=FPC_1973 /> FERC = Federal Energy Regulatory Commission;<ref name=FERC_1978 /> NPC = National Petroleum Council;<ref name=NPC_1980 /> ICF = ICF-Lewan, Inc.;<ref name=ICF_1990 /> USGS = U.S. Geological Survey.<ref name=Johnsonetal_1987 /><ref name=Johnsonetal_1996 /><ref name=Johnsonetal_1999 /><ref name=Lawetal_1989 /> All values in tcf gas.''</sup>
  
  
  
−
There are even fewer published estimates of recoverable gas. In the United States, the National Petroleum Council (1992) estimated 232 tcf of recoverable gas from so-called tight reservoirs with current technology and 349 tcf of gas with advanced technology. In 1995, the U.S. Geological Survey (Gautier et al., 1996) included as part of their National Assessment several plays in seven basins that were determined to contain BCGAs. In that assessment, in-place gas resources were not estimated, and a methodology developed by Schmoker (1996) for estimation of recoverable gas was used. Estimates of recoverable gas from those basins are 223.55 tcf (Table 2). If all of the basins in the United States containing BCGAs would have been assessed, it is highly probable that the total recoverable gas in BCGAs in the United States would exceed 400 tcf.
+
There are even fewer published estimates of recoverable gas. In the United States, the National Petroleum Council<ref name=NPC_1992>Natonal Petroleum Council, 1992, The potential for natural gas in the United States, v. 2: Washington, D.C., National Petroleum Council, 330 p.</ref> estimated 232 tcf of recoverable gas from so-called tight reservoirs with current technology and 349 tcf of gas with advanced technology. In 1995, the U.S. Geological Survey<ref name=Gautieretal_1996>Gautier, D. L., G. L. Dolton, K. I. Takahashi, and K. L. Varnes, eds., 1996, 1995 national assessment of United States oil and gas resources-results, methodology, and supporting data: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-30, Release 2, 1 CD-ROM.</ref> included as part of their National Assessment several plays in seven basins that were determined to contain BCGAs. In that assessment, in-place gas resources were not estimated, and a methodology developed by Schmoker<ref name=Schmoker_1996>Schmoker, J. W., 1996, Method for assessing continuous-type (unconventional) hydrocarbon accumulations, ''in'' D. L. Gautier, G. L. Dolton, K. I. Takahashi, and K. L. Varnes, eds., 1995 national assessment of United States oil and gas resources-results, methodology, and supporting data: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-30, Release 2, 1 CD-ROM.</ref> for estimation of recoverable gas was used. Estimates of recoverable gas from those basins are 223.55 tcf (Table 2). If all of the basins in the United States containing BCGAs would have been assessed, it is highly probable that the total recoverable gas in BCGAs in the United States would exceed 400 tcf.
  
 
{| class = "wikitable"
 
{| class = "wikitable"
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|+ {{table number|2}}Estimates of recoverable gas in basin-centered accumulations in the United States
 
|+ {{table number|2}}Estimates of recoverable gas in basin-centered accumulations in the United States
 
|-
 
|-
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! Basin || USGS, 1996 || NPC, 1992
+
! Basin || USGS<ref name=Johnsonetal_1996 /> || NPC<ref name=NPC_1992 />
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Greater Green River || 119.3 || -
 
| Greater Green River || 119.3 || -
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| '''TOTAL''' || '''223.55''' || '''232'''
 
| '''TOTAL''' || '''223.55''' || '''232'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|}<sup>''USGS = U.S. Geological Survey (Johnson et al., 1996); NPC = National Petroleum Council (1992). All values in tcf gas.''</sup>
+
|}<sup>''USGS = U.S. Geological Survey;<ref name=Johnsonetal_1996 /> NPC = National Petroleum Council.<ref name=NPC_1992 /> All values in tcf gas.''</sup>
  
  
−
Production figures for the United States, like gas resource assessments, are uncertain; however, the estimate that most accurately reflects gas production from BCGAs in the United States is provided by the Gas Research Institute (GRI). Gas production from so-called tight gas sands in 1996 (the last year for which there are records) was 3.35 tcf (Hill, 2000), approximately 17% of total United States production. This figure, however, may be misleading because all so-called tight gas sands are not necessarily BCGAs; discrete, buoyancy-driven gas accumulations may occur in some tight gas sands. With this caveat under consideration, I estimate 15% of annual gas production in the United States is from BCGAs, the largest, gas-producing contributor of all unconventional gas accumulations.
+
Production figures for the United States, like gas resource assessments, are uncertain; however, the estimate that most accurately reflects gas production from BCGAs in the United States is provided by the Gas Research Institute (GRI). Gas production from so-called tight gas sands in 1996 (the last year for which there are records) was 3.35 tcf,<ref name=Hill_2000>Hill, D. G., 2000, New database quantifies impact of unconventional gas in U.S.: Gas Tips, v. 6, no. 2, p. 21-23.</ref> approximately 17% of total United States production. This figure, however, may be misleading because all so-called tight gas sands are not necessarily BCGAs; discrete, buoyancy-driven gas accumulations may occur in some tight gas sands. With this caveat under consideration, I estimate 15% of annual gas production in the United States is from BCGAs, the largest, gas-producing contributor of all unconventional gas accumulations.
  
 
==References==
 
==References==

Latest revision as of 15:47, 11 March 2015

Basin-centered gas systems
Series AAPG Bulletin, November 2002
Author Ben E. Law
Link Web page

Globally, no resource data are available for basin-centered gas accumulations (BCGAs); however, where estimates of in place gas have been made the resources are very large: in-place gas resource estimates in the United States for a given BCGA are generally greater than 10 tcf (Table 1). Unfortunately, no comprehensive gas resource data exist for all BCGAs in the United States, in large part because BCGAs are not recognized as a distinct type of gas accumulation. However, an appreciation for the magnitude of the resource can be determined from estimates of in-place and recoverable gas in selected areas of the United States. Previous assessments of in-place gas in so-called tight and basin-centered accumulations in the United States are shown on Table 1. Using a volumetric methodology approach, in-place gas resources for the Piceance,[1] Greater Green River,[2] Wind River,[3] and Big Horn[4] basins in the Rocky Mountain region were estimated at 6788 tcf. In-place gas estimates in other basins range from 334 to 777 tcf (Table 1).

Table 1 Estimates of in-place gas resources in tight and basin-centered gas accumulations in the United States
Basin FPC[5] FERC[6] Kuuskraa et al.[7] NPC[8] ICF[9] USGS[1][3][4][2]
Greater Green River 240 240 91 136 - 5036
Uinta 207 210 50 20 - -
Pieance 149 150 36 49 287 423
Wind River - - 3 34 - 995
Big Horn - - 24 - - 334
Denver - - 19 13 - -
San Juan - 63 15 3 17 -
Ozona - - - 1 - -
Sonora - - 24 4 - -
Edwards Lime - - - 14 - -
Cotton Valley Sweet - - 53 22 31 -
Cotton Valley Sour - - 14 - - -
Ouachita - - 5 - - -
Other - - - 481 - -
TOTAL 596 663 334 777 335 6788

FPC = Federal Power Commission;[5] FERC = Federal Energy Regulatory Commission;[6] NPC = National Petroleum Council;[8] ICF = ICF-Lewan, Inc.;[9] USGS = U.S. Geological Survey.[1][3][4][2] All values in tcf gas.


There are even fewer published estimates of recoverable gas. In the United States, the National Petroleum Council[10] estimated 232 tcf of recoverable gas from so-called tight reservoirs with current technology and 349 tcf of gas with advanced technology. In 1995, the U.S. Geological Survey[11] included as part of their National Assessment several plays in seven basins that were determined to contain BCGAs. In that assessment, in-place gas resources were not estimated, and a methodology developed by Schmoker[12] for estimation of recoverable gas was used. Estimates of recoverable gas from those basins are 223.55 tcf (Table 2). If all of the basins in the United States containing BCGAs would have been assessed, it is highly probable that the total recoverable gas in BCGAs in the United States would exceed 400 tcf.

Table 2 Estimates of recoverable gas in basin-centered accumulations in the United States
Basin USGS[3] NPC[10]
Greater Green River 119.3 -
Uinta-Piceance 16.74 -
San Juan 21.15 -
Denver 3.16 -
Appalachian 44.97 -
East Texas 6.03 -
Columbia River 12.2 -
TOTAL 223.55 232

USGS = U.S. Geological Survey;[3] NPC = National Petroleum Council.[10] All values in tcf gas.


Production figures for the United States, like gas resource assessments, are uncertain; however, the estimate that most accurately reflects gas production from BCGAs in the United States is provided by the Gas Research Institute (GRI). Gas production from so-called tight gas sands in 1996 (the last year for which there are records) was 3.35 tcf,[13] approximately 17% of total United States production. This figure, however, may be misleading because all so-called tight gas sands are not necessarily BCGAs; discrete, buoyancy-driven gas accumulations may occur in some tight gas sands. With this caveat under consideration, I estimate 15% of annual gas production in the United States is from BCGAs, the largest, gas-producing contributor of all unconventional gas accumulations.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Johnson, R. C., R. A. Crovelli, C. W. Spencer, and R. F. Mast, 1987, An assessment of gas resources in low-permeability sandstones of the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group, Piceance basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-357, 165 p.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Law, B. E., C. W. Spencer, R. R. Charpentier, R. A. Crovelli, R. F. Mast, G. L. Dolton, and C. J. Wandrey, 1989, Estimates of gas resources in overpressured low-permeability Cretaceous and Tertiary sandstone reservoirs, Greater Green River basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah: 40th Annual Field Conference, Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook, p. 39-61.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Johnson, R. C., T. M. Finn, R. A. Crovelli, and R. H. Balay, 1996, An assessment of in-place gas resources in low-permeability Upper Cretaceous and lower Tertiary sandstone reservoirs, Wind River basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 96-264, 67 p.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Johnson, R. C., R. A. Crovelli, B. G. Lowell, and T. M. Finn, 1999, An assessment of in-place gas resources in the low-permeability basin-centered gas accumulation of the Big Horn basin, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-file Report 99-315A, 123 p.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Supply-Technical Advisory Task Force, 1973, Task force report: National gas supply, in National gas survey, v. 2: Washington, D.C., Federal Power Commission, 662 p.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Supply-Technical Advisory Task Force, 1978, National gas survey, in Report to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission by the Supply-Technical Advisory Task Force on nonconventional natural gas resources: U.S. Department of Energy Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 108 p.
  7. ↑ Kuuskraa, V. A., J. P. Brashear, T. M. Doscher, and L. E. Elkins, 1978, Enhanced recovery of unconventional gas, the program, v. 2: U.S. Department of Energy, HCP/T2705-02, 537 p.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 National Petroleum Council, 1980, Unconventional gas sources-tight gas reservoirs, part I, in National Petroleum Council Unconventional Gas Resource: Washington, D.C., National Petroleum Council, 222 p.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Haas, M. R., 1990, Impact of improved technology on potential reserves of tight gas in east Texas and north Louisiana: ICF-Lewin, Inc., Topical Report GRI-90/0174, 119 p.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Natonal Petroleum Council, 1992, The potential for natural gas in the United States, v. 2: Washington, D.C., National Petroleum Council, 330 p.
  11. ↑ Gautier, D. L., G. L. Dolton, K. I. Takahashi, and K. L. Varnes, eds., 1996, 1995 national assessment of United States oil and gas resources-results, methodology, and supporting data: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-30, Release 2, 1 CD-ROM.
  12. ↑ Schmoker, J. W., 1996, Method for assessing continuous-type (unconventional) hydrocarbon accumulations, in D. L. Gautier, G. L. Dolton, K. I. Takahashi, and K. L. Varnes, eds., 1995 national assessment of United States oil and gas resources-results, methodology, and supporting data: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-30, Release 2, 1 CD-ROM.
  13. ↑ Hill, D. G., 2000, New database quantifies impact of unconventional gas in U.S.: Gas Tips, v. 6, no. 2, p. 21-23.

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