Changes

==Characteristics==

==Characteristics==

Unlike other fractured seals, hydrofractures remain open only as long as pore pressure exceeds fracture pressure. Once the total pressure drops, the fracture closes. The petroleum column height remains approximately in equilibrium with the difference between the water pressure and the fracture pressure.

Unlike other fractured seals, hydrofractures remain open only as long as pore pressure exceeds fracture pressure. Once the total pressure drops, the fracture closes. The [[Hydrocarbon column|petroleum column]] height remains approximately in equilibrium with the difference between the water pressure and the fracture pressure.

Hydraulic fracture seal failure affects all rock types, but the fracture gradient is a function of rock type and basin. Usually hydraulic fracturing limits the petroleum column height during charging instead of destroying accumulations after charging. This occurs where accumulations are charged during times of peak geopressure so the trap capacity is minimal. Charging occurs during times of peak geopressure because both charging and geopressure are a response to high sedimentation and heating rates.

Hydraulic fracture seal failure affects all rock types, but the fracture gradient is a function of rock type and basin. Usually hydraulic fracturing limits the petroleum column height during charging instead of destroying [[accumulation]]s after charging. This occurs where accumulations are charged during times of peak geopressure so the trap capacity is minimal. Charging occurs during times of peak geopressure because both charging and geopressure are a response to high sedimentation and heating rates.

==Predicting leakage in deep accumulations==

==Predicting leakage in deep accumulations==