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''Artificial lift'' refers to the mechanical lifting of wellbore fluids to the surface. Mechanical lifting of wellbore fluids is required when reservoir pressure is insufficient to drive reservoir fluids to the surface. Artificial lift equipment also can be used to increase production from flowing wells by reducing the producing bottomhole pressure.

''Artificial lift'' refers to the mechanical lifting of wellbore fluids to the surface. Mechanical lifting of wellbore fluids is required when reservoir pressure is insufficient to drive [[reservoir fluids]] to the surface. Artificial lift equipment also can be used to increase production from flowing wells by reducing the producing bottomhole pressure.

A number of different types of artificial lift systems are currently in use. The four primary artificial lift systems are

A number of different types of artificial lift systems are currently in use. The four primary artificial lift systems are

Gas lift is the process of lifting fluids from the wellbore using high pressure gas as the energy source. Downhole gas lift equipment consists of a series of gas lift valves spaced at predetermined depths in the tubing string. The tubing string is set in a packer above the casing perforations ([[:file:artificial-lift_fig2.png|Figure 2]]). Gas is normally injected down the tubing/casing annulus and enters the tubing via the gas lift valves. A surface gas compressor is used to provide the high gas pressure required to open the gas lift valves.

Gas lift is the process of lifting fluids from the wellbore using high pressure gas as the energy source. Downhole gas lift equipment consists of a series of gas lift valves spaced at predetermined depths in the tubing string. The tubing string is set in a packer above the casing perforations ([[:file:artificial-lift_fig2.png|Figure 2]]). Gas is normally injected down the tubing/casing annulus and enters the tubing via the gas lift valves. A surface gas compressor is used to provide the high gas pressure required to open the gas lift valves.

Gas lift systems move the reservoir fluids to the surface by reducing the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid column in the tubing below reservoir pressure. The injected gas expands as it moves upward in the tubing, providing additional lift. Gas lift systems can be installed to operate continuously or intermittently. Gas lift is commonly used in offshore applications and in areas where an abundant supply of gas exists. Often the gas produced from the well is separated from the produced fluids and reinjected into the same well.

Gas lift systems move the [[reservoir fluids]] to the surface by reducing the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid column in the tubing below reservoir pressure. The injected gas expands as it moves upward in the tubing, providing additional lift. Gas lift systems can be installed to operate continuously or intermittently. Gas lift is commonly used in offshore applications and in areas where an abundant supply of gas exists. Often the gas produced from the well is separated from the produced fluids and reinjected into the same well.

==Hydraulic pumps==

==Hydraulic pumps==