Changes

=====Bone Springs and Avalon Shale=====

=====Bone Springs and Avalon Shale=====

Age-equivalent (Leonardian) Bone Springs and Avalon shales are found primarily in the Permian Basin in New Mexico but extend into central western Texas. This system represents a hybrid shale-oil resource system with organic-rich carbonate source rocks interbedded with sands and silts with a thickness of about 1066.8 m (3500 ft) and porosities ranging from 0 to 20% predominantly at about 10%. Depth to this resource system ranges from 1981.2 to 2743.2 m (6500–9000 ft). Geochemical data collected on the Bone Springs Shale show a TOCpd range of 2.09 to 6.98% at about 50% conversion,<ref name=Jrv2001b>Jarvie, D. M., J. D. Burgess, A. Morelos, R. K. Olson, P. A. Mariotti, and R. Lindsey, 2001b, [http://www.wwgeochem.co/references/Jarvieetal-AAPGAmarillo2001-PermianBasinPetroleumSystem.pdf Permian Basin petroleum systems investigations: Inferences from oil geochemistry and source rocks]: AAPG Midcontinent Section Meeting, Amarillo, Texas, September 30–October 2, 2001: AAPG Bulletin, v. 85, no. 9, p. 1693–1694.</ref> suggesting TOCo values of 2.79 to 9.31%. Carbonate contents span the full gamut of values ranging from as low as 5% to 100%. Oil crossover is noted in various Bone Springs and Avalon argillaceous lime mudstone intervals.

Age-equivalent (Leonardian) Bone Springs and Avalon shales are found primarily in the [[Permian Basin]] in New Mexico but extend into central western Texas. This system represents a hybrid shale-oil resource system with organic-rich carbonate source rocks interbedded with sands and silts with a thickness of about 1066.8 m (3500 ft) and porosities ranging from 0 to 20% predominantly at about 10%. Depth to this resource system ranges from 1981.2 to 2743.2 m (6500–9000 ft). Geochemical data collected on the Bone Springs Shale show a TOCpd range of 2.09 to 6.98% at about 50% conversion,<ref name=Jrv2001b>Jarvie, D. M., J. D. Burgess, A. Morelos, R. K. Olson, P. A. Mariotti, and R. Lindsey, 2001b, [http://www.wwgeochem.co/references/Jarvieetal-AAPGAmarillo2001-PermianBasinPetroleumSystem.pdf Permian Basin petroleum systems investigations: Inferences from oil geochemistry and source rocks]: AAPG Midcontinent Section Meeting, Amarillo, Texas, September 30–October 2, 2001: AAPG Bulletin, v. 85, no. 9, p. 1693–1694.</ref> suggesting TOCo values of 2.79 to 9.31%. Carbonate contents span the full gamut of values ranging from as low as 5% to 100%. Oil crossover is noted in various Bone Springs and Avalon argillaceous lime mudstone intervals.

Chesapeake Energy Corp. predicts that its Avalon Shale play will yield about 5.406 times 107 m3 (340 million) barrels of oil equivalent (BOE), whereas EOG Resources projects that its properties have a resource potential of about 1.033 times 107 m3 (65 million) BOE. Devon Energy Corp.'s best Avalon Shale wells have had initial production rates of more than 79 m3/day (500 bbl/day) of condensate, 79 m3/day (500 bbl/day) of natural gas liquids (NGL), and 8.5 to 1.41 times 104 m3/day (3–5 mmcf/day) of gas.

Chesapeake Energy Corp. predicts that its Avalon Shale play will yield about 5.406 times 107 m3 (340 million) barrels of oil equivalent (BOE), whereas EOG Resources projects that its properties have a resource potential of about 1.033 times 107 m3 (65 million) BOE. Devon Energy Corp.'s best Avalon Shale wells have had initial production rates of more than 79 m3/day (500 bbl/day) of condensate, 79 m3/day (500 bbl/day) of natural gas liquids (NGL), and 8.5 to 1.41 times 104 m3/day (3–5 mmcf/day) of gas.