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{{merge|Paleogeography}}
 
{{publication  
 
{{publication  
 
  | image  = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png
 
  | image  = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png
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  | part    = Critical elements of the petroleum system
 
  | part    = Critical elements of the petroleum system
 
  | chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis
 
  | chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis
  | frompg  = 4-1
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  | frompg  = 4-70
  | topg    = 4-123
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  | topg    = 4-70
 
  | author  = John M. Armentrout
 
  | author  = John M. Armentrout
 
  | link    = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm
 
  | link    = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm
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==Procedure==
 
==Procedure==
The table below outlines a suggested procedure for defining paleogeography and applying it to prospect identification.
+
The list below outlines a suggested procedure for defining paleogeography and applying it to prospect identification.
   −
{| class = "wikitable"
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# Identify the stratigraphic interval of a single depositional phase that has potential for containing reservoir rocks, i.e., [[Third-order sequences|lowstand or highstand]], using biostratigraphic markers and regional correlation surfaces.
|-
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# Map depositional facies such as [[Fossil assemblage|biofacies]], net reservoir thickness (lithology or [[porosity]]), and [[Seismic facies mapping|seismic facies]] (i.e., [[clinoforms]], parallel reflections, chaotic reflections within a single depositional phase).
! Step
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# Integrate the [[Basics of seismic facies analysis|interpreted seismic facies]] and biostratigraphic data into a grid of stratigraphic well-log [[cross section]]s if wells are available.
! Action
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# Map the location of fields producing from reservoirs in the interval of interest with respect to net reservoir thickness; define the type of [[trap]](s) each field contains.
|-
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# Using the [[seismic interpretation]]s and the geology of the fields mapped in step 4, interpret the deposition of [[reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[Source rock|source]] facies and the formation of [[Stratigraphic trap|stratigraphic]] or [[combination trap]]s with respect to [[sea level cycle phase]]. Was the reservoir deposited during lowstand, rising, or highstand phases of sea level cycles? What about the seal facies? Is the trap the result of facies relationships that formed during a particular sea level phase or postdepositional [[deformation]]?
| 1
+
# Using information gained in step 5, identify areas that may contain overlooked reservoir, seal, and [[source rock]]s in the same [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isochronous isochronous] interval or in isochronous intervals with similar character. Also, consider possible [[migration]] avenues along which fluids could move from the source rock to the reservoir, from higher to lower pressure regimes. Such avenues might include sand-prone pathways, faults, salt walls, and [[Unconformity|unconformities]].
| Identify the stratigraphic interval of a single depositional phase that has potential for containing reservoir rocks, i.e., [[Third-order sequences|lowstand or highstand]], using biostratigraphic markers and regional correlation surfaces.
  −
|-
  −
| 2
  −
| Map depositional facies such as [[Fossil assemblage|biofacies]], net reservoir thickness (lithology or [[porosity]]), and [[Seismic facies mapping|seismic facies]] (i.e., [[clinoforms]], parallel reflections, chaotic reflections within a single depositional phase).
  −
|-
  −
| 3
  −
| Integrate the [[Basics of seismic facies analysis|interpreted seismic facies]] and biostratigraphic data into a grid of stratigraphic well-log [[cross section]]s if wells are available.
  −
|-
  −
| 4
  −
| Map the location of fields producing from reservoirs in the interval of interest with respect to net reservoir thickness; define the type of [[trap]](s) each field contains.
  −
|-
  −
| 5
  −
| Using the [[seismic interpretation]]s and the geology of the fields mapped in step 4, interpret the deposition of [[reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[Source rock|source]] facies and the formation of [[Stratigraphic trap|stratigraphic]] or [[combination trap]]s with respect to [[sea level cycle phase]]. Was the reservoir deposited during lowstand, rising, or highstand phases of sea level cycles? What about the seal facies? Is the trap the result of facies relationships that formed during a particular sea level phase or postdepositional [[deformation]]?
  −
|-
  −
| 6
  −
| Using information gained in step 5, identify areas that may contain overlooked reservoir, seal, and [[source rock]]s in the same [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isochronous isochronous] interval or in isochronous intervals with similar character. Also, consider possible [[migration]] avenues along which fluids could move from the source rock to the reservoir, from higher to lower pressure regimes. Such avenues might include sand-prone pathways, faults, salt walls, and [[Unconformity|unconformities]].
  −
|}
      
==See also==
 
==See also==
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[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]  
 
[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]  
 
[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]
 
[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]
 +
[[Category:Treatise Handbook 3]]

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