Changes

{{publication  

{{publication  

  | image  = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png

  | image  = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png

  | part    = Critical elements of the petroleum system

  | part    = Critical elements of the petroleum system

  | chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis

  | chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis

  | frompg  = 4-1

  | frompg  = 4-70

  | topg    = 4-123

  | topg    = 4-70

  | author  = John M. Armentrout

  | author  = John M. Armentrout

  | link    = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm

  | link    = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm

==Procedure==

==Procedure==

The table below outlines a suggested procedure for defining paleogeography and applying it to prospect identification.

The list below outlines a suggested procedure for defining paleogeography and applying it to prospect identification.

# Identify the stratigraphic interval of a single depositional phase that has potential for containing reservoir rocks, i.e., [[Third-order sequences|lowstand or highstand]], using biostratigraphic markers and regional correlation surfaces.

# Map depositional facies such as [[Fossil assemblage|biofacies]], net reservoir thickness (lithology or [[porosity]]), and [[Seismic facies mapping|seismic facies]] (i.e., [[clinoforms]], parallel reflections, chaotic reflections within a single depositional phase).

# Integrate the [[Basics of seismic facies analysis|interpreted seismic facies]] and biostratigraphic data into a grid of stratigraphic well-log [[cross section]]s if wells are available.

# Map the location of fields producing from reservoirs in the interval of interest with respect to net reservoir thickness; define the type of [[trap]](s) each field contains.

| 1 || Identify the stratigraphic interval of a single depositional phase that has potential for containing reservoir rocks, i.e., [[Third-order sequences|lowstand or highstand]], using biostratigraphic markers and regional correlation surfaces.

# Using the [[seismic interpretation]]s and the geology of the fields mapped in step 4, interpret the deposition of [[reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[Source rock|source]] facies and the formation of [[Stratigraphic trap|stratigraphic]] or [[combination trap]]s with respect to [[sea level cycle phase]]. Was the reservoir deposited during lowstand, rising, or highstand phases of sea level cycles? What about the seal facies? Is the trap the result of facies relationships that formed during a particular sea level phase or postdepositional [[deformation]]?

# Using information gained in step 5, identify areas that may contain overlooked reservoir, seal, and [[source rock]]s in the same [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isochronous isochronous] interval or in isochronous intervals with similar character. Also, consider possible [[migration]] avenues along which fluids could move from the source rock to the reservoir, from higher to lower pressure regimes. Such avenues might include sand-prone pathways, faults, salt walls, and [[Unconformity|unconformities]].

| 2 || Map depositional facies such as [[Fossil assemblage|biofacies]], net reservoir thickness (lithology or [[porosity]]), and [[Seismic facies mapping|seismic facies]] (i.e., [[clinoforms]], parallel reflections, chaotic reflections within a single depositional phase).

| 3 || Integrate the [[Basics of seismic facies analysis|interpreted seismic facies]] and biostratigraphic data into a grid of stratigraphic well-log [[cross section]]s if wells are available.

| 4 || Map the location of fields producing from reservoirs in the interval of interest with respect to net reservoir thickness; define the type of [[trap]](s) each field contains.

| 5 || Using the [[seismic interpretation]]s and the geology of the fields mapped in step 4, interpret the deposition of [[reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[Source rock|source]] facies and the formation of [[Stratigraphic trap|stratigraphic]] or [[combination trap]]s with respect to [[sea level cycle phase]]. Was the reservoir deposited during lowstand, rising, or highstand phases of sea level cycles? What about the seal facies? Is the trap the result of facies relationships that formed during a particular sea level phase or postdepositional [[deformation]]?

| 6 || Using information gained in step 5, identify areas that may contain overlooked reservoir, seal, and [[source rock]]s in the same [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isochronous isochronous] interval or in isochronous intervals with similar character. Also, consider possible [[migration]] avenues along which fluids could move from the source rock to the reservoir, from higher to lower pressure regimes. Such avenues might include sand-prone pathways, faults, salt walls, and [[Unconformity|unconformities]].

==See also==

==See also==

[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]  

[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]  

[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]

[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]