Changes

  | part    = Predicting the occurrence of oil and gas traps

  | part    = Predicting the occurrence of oil and gas traps

  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal

  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal

  | frompg  = 10-1

  | frompg  = 10-38

  | topg    = 10-94

  | topg    = 10-38

  | author  = Grant M. Skerlec

  | author  = Grant M. Skerlec

  | link    = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch10/ch10.htm

  | link    = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch10/ch10.htm

  | isbn    = 0-89181-602-X

  | isbn    = 0-89181-602-X

}}

}}

A [[migration]] pathway map is a fundamental tool for prospect assessment and field development. In simple migration pathway maps, arrows are drawn perpendicular to structural contours. However, migration pathway maps must also define those faults and those parts of faults that juxtapose sand/sand as well as those faults that cross-seal/cross-leak and dip-seal/dip-leak.

A [[migration]] pathway map is a fundamental tool for prospect assessment and field development. In simple [[migration pathway]] maps, arrows are drawn perpendicular to structural [[contour]]s. However, migration pathway maps must also define those [[Fault trap regime|faults]] and those parts of faults that juxtapose sand with sand as well as those faults that [[Cross-sealing faults|cross-seal]] or [[Cross-leaking faults|cross-leak]] and [[Dip-sealing faults|dip-seal]] or [[Dip-leaking faults|dip-leak]].

==Requirements for map construction==

==Requirements for map construction==

|-

|-

| Structure–depth maps

| Structure–depth maps

| Defines buoyant vectors for hydrocarbon migration

| Defines buoyant vectors for [[hydrocarbon migration]]

|-

|-

| Fault plane profile

| [[Fault plane profile construction|Fault plane profile]]

| Defines sand/sand and sand/shale juxtaposition and potential juxtaposed lithology leak points (JLLPs)

| Defines sand-sand and sand-shale juxtaposition and potential [[Cross-leaking faults#Juxtaposed lithology leak points|juxtaposed lithology leak points (JLLPs)]]

|-

|-

| Quantitative fault plane analysis

| Quantitative fault plane analysis

| Defines real JLLPs, areas of cross-seal or cross-leak, and areas of dip seal or dip leak

| Defines real JLLPs, areas of cross-seal or cross-leak, and areas of [[dip]] seal or dip leak

|}

|}

==Example: fault controlling migration==

==Example: fault controlling migration==

[[file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-32.png|thumb|{{figure number|1}}See text for explanation.]]

[[file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-32.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}How a fault can control migration pathways across a fault.]]

[[:file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-32.png|Figure 1]] illustrates how completely a fault can control [[migration pathways]] across a fault. In this fault plane profile of a fault in a Gulf Coast field, SGR was calculated and contoured only on areas of sand/sand juxtaposition. Areas of sand/shale juxtaposition are uncolored. No hydrocarbon migration will occur across these uncolored regions or across the sand/shale juxtapositions with low SGRs (blue-purple). These high SGR areas are essentially holes for fluid migration in the fault plane. It will only occur across the areas of sand/sand juxtaposition with high SGRs (red-orange).

[[:file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-32.png|Figure 1]] illustrates how completely a fault can control [[migration pathways]] across a fault. In this fault plane profile of a fault in a [[Gulf Coast]] field, the [[shale gouge ratio (SGR)]] was calculated and contoured only on areas of sand-sand juxtaposition. Areas of sand-shale juxtaposition are uncolored. No hydrocarbon [[migration]] will occur across these uncolored regions or across the sand-shale juxtapositions with low SGRs (blue-purple). These high SGR areas are essentially holes for fluid migration in the fault plane. It will only occur across the areas of sand-sand juxtaposition with high SGRs (red-orange).

==See also==

==See also==

[[Category:Predicting the occurrence of oil and gas traps]]  

[[Category:Predicting the occurrence of oil and gas traps]]  

[[Category:Evaluating top and fault seal]]

[[Category:Evaluating top and fault seal]]