Changes

====Hydraulic Testing of Pre-existing Fracture (HTPF)====

====Hydraulic Testing of Pre-existing Fracture (HTPF)====

Hydraulic Testing of Pre-existing Fracture is similar to the conventional fracking. However, no fractures are created by the HTPF method. It is used to reopen a pre-existing fracture in the formation (see figure 12). HTPF method requires the knowledge of the exact orientation and location of the pre-existing fractures before pumping fluid into the formation. HTPF can determine the normal stress acting perpendicular to the pre-existing fractures, which is equal to the shut-in pressure.

Hydraulic Testing of Pre-existing Fracture is similar to the conventional fracking. However, no fractures are created by the HTPF method. It is used to reopen a pre-existing fracture in the formation (see [[:File:GeoWikiWriteOff2021-Tayyib-Figure12.png|Figure 12]]). HTPF method requires the knowledge of the exact orientation and location of the pre-existing fractures before pumping fluid into the formation. HTPF can determine the normal stress acting perpendicular to the pre-existing fractures, which is equal to the shut-in pressure.

[[File:GeoWikiWriteOff2021-Tayyib-Figure12.png|center|framed|{{Figure number|12}}Hydraulic Testing of Pre-existing Fractures. (from Gaines, et al. 2012 as cited in Lin et al., 2018<ref>Lin, H., J. Oh, H. Masoumi, I. Canbulat, C. Zhang, and L. Dou, 2018, [https://ro.uow.edu.au/coal/690 A review of in situ stress measurement techniques], ''in'' N. Aziz, and B. Kininmonth, eds: Proceedings of the 2018 Coal Operators' Conference, February 18-20, 2018, Wollongong, Australia.</ref>)  

[[File:GeoWikiWriteOff2021-Tayyib-Figure12.png|center|framed|{{Figure number|12}}Hydraulic Testing of Pre-existing Fractures. (from Gaines, et al. 2012 as cited in Lin et al., 2018<ref>Lin, H., J. Oh, H. Masoumi, I. Canbulat, C. Zhang, and L. Dou, 2018, [https://ro.uow.edu.au/coal/690 A review of in situ stress measurement techniques], ''in'' N. Aziz, and B. Kininmonth, eds: Proceedings of the 2018 Coal Operators' Conference, February 18-20, 2018, Wollongong, Australia.</ref>)]]

====Formation Integrity (FIT) Test or Leak-off Test (LOT)====

====Formation Integrity (FIT) Test or Leak-off Test (LOT)====