Difference between revisions of "Remote sensing"

From AAPG Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(→‎See also: moved)
 
(12 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 6: Line 6:
 
  | part    = Predicting the occurrence of oil and gas traps
 
  | part    = Predicting the occurrence of oil and gas traps
 
  | chapter = Exploring for structural traps
 
  | chapter = Exploring for structural traps
−
  | frompg  = 20-1
+
  | frompg  = 20-20
−
  | topg    = 20-70
+
  | topg    = 20-21
 
  | author  = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra
 
  | author  = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra
 
  | link    = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch20/ch20.htm
 
  | link    = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch20/ch20.htm
Line 14: Line 14:
 
  | isbn    = 0-89181-602-X
 
  | isbn    = 0-89181-602-X
 
}}
 
}}
 +
 +
[[file:Remote_Sensing_Illustration.jpg|thumb|300px|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_sensing Remote sensing] illustration. Courtesy Wikipedia.]]
 
==Information provided==
 
==Information provided==
  
−
Remote sensing data such as satellite imagery can help us examine regional structural fabrics, patterns, and contacts. Detailed mapping can be done using high-resolution satellite imagery and both high-altitude and low-level photography. The infrared bands on satellite imagery minimize the blurring effects of haze. Radar imagery removes the effects of haze and clouds.
+
Remote sensing data such as [[satellite imagery]] can help us examine regional [[Structural patterns|structural fabrics, patterns, and contacts]]. Detailed mapping can be done using high-resolution satellite imagery and both [[High-altitude photography|high-altitude]] and [[low-level photography]]. The [[infrared]] bands on satellite imagery minimize the blurring effects of haze. [[Radar imagery]] removes the effects of haze and clouds.
  
 
==Types==
 
==Types==
Line 30: Line 32:
 
{| class = "wikitable"
 
{| class = "wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Type
+
! Type || Single Scene Coverage (km) || Resolution (m)
−
! Single Scene Coverage (km)
 
−
! Resolution (m)
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Landsat MSS
+
| Landsat MSS || 185 × 170 || 80
−
| 185 × 170
 
−
| 80
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Landsat TM
+
| Landsat TM || 185 × 170 || 30
−
| 185 × 170
 
−
| 30
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| SPOT
+
| SPOT || 60 × 60 || 20 (color), 10 (b&w)
−
| 60 × 60
 
−
| 20 (color), 10 (b&w)
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Soyuz
+
| Soyuz || 40 × 40 || 2
−
| 40 × 40
 
−
| 2
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 62: Line 54:
 
{| class = "wikitable"
 
{| class = "wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Type of Imagery
+
! Type of Imagery || Sources
−
! Sources
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| High-altitude photography
 
| High-altitude photography
−
| *  Manned space mission photographs  *  U-2 photographs  *  National High Altitude Photography (NHAP)
+
|
 +
*  Manned space mission photographs   
 +
*  U-2 photographs   
 +
*  National High Altitude Photography (NHAP)
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Low-level aerial photographs
 
| Low-level aerial photographs
−
| *  Black and white or color, vertical or oblique photographs  *  Infrared (IR) photographs
+
|
 +
*  Black and white or color, vertical or oblique photographs   
 +
*  Infrared (IR) photographs
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)
 
| Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)
−
| *  Aircraft-based, low-level radar imagery  *  Satellite or shuttle-based radar imagery
+
|
−
 
+
*  Aircraft-based, low-level radar imagery   
 +
*  Satellite or shuttle-based radar imagery
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
==Where to use it==
 
==Where to use it==
−
Remote sensing data are useful in all structural terranes but are especially important in remote areas where local topographic and geological control is absent or unobtainable.
+
Remote sensing data are useful in all structural terranes but are especially important in remote areas where local [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/topography topographic]  and geological control is absent or unobtainable.
  
−
In hydrocarbon exploration, remote sensing data is primarily used to (1) examine and map the surface geology in and around a concession area and (2) check terrain conditions and access routes for geologic fieldwork, seismic surveys, well locations, pipeline routes, and environmental hazards
+
In hydrocarbon exploration, remote sensing data is primarily used to (1) examine and map the surface geology in and around a concession area and (2) check terrain conditions and access routes for geologic fieldwork, [[Seismic data|seismic surveys]], well locations, pipeline routes, and environmental hazards.
  
 
==Examples of use==
 
==Examples of use==
−
* Sabins, F., F., Jr., 1998b, Remote sensing for petroleum exploration, part 2: [[case histories]]: The Leading Edge, vol. 17, p. 623–626., 10., 1190/1., 1438015
+
* Sabins, F. F. Jr., 1998b, Remote sensing for petroleum exploration, part 2: [[case histories]]: The Leading Edge, vol. 17, p. 623–626, DOI: [http://library.seg.org/doi/abs/10.1190/1.1438015 10.1190/1.1438015].
−
* Prost, G., L., 1994, Remote Sensing for Geologists: A Guide to Image Interpretation: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 326 p.
+
* Prost, G. L. 1994, Remote Sensing for Geologists: A Guide to Image Interpretation: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 326 p.
−
* Insley, M., W., Murphy, F., X., Naylor, D., Critchley, M., 1996, The use of satellite imagery in the validation and verification of structural interpretations for hydrocarbon exploration in Pakistan and Yemen, in Buchanan, P., G., Nieuwland, D., A., eds., Modern Developments in Structural Interpretation, Validation and Modeling: Geological Society of London Special Publication 99, p. 321–343.
+
* Insley, M. W., F. X. Murphy, D. Naylor, and M. Critchley, 1996, The use of satellite imagery in the validation and verification of structural interpretations for hydrocarbon exploration in Pakistan and Yemen, ''in'' P. G. Buchanan and D. A. Nieuwland, eds., Modern Developments in Structural Interpretation, Validation and Modeling: Geological Society of London Special Publication 99, p. 321–343.
−
* Halbouty, M., T., 1980, Geologic significance of Landsat data for 15 giant oil and gas fields: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 64, p. 8–36.
+
* Halbouty, M. T., 1980, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1980-81/data/pg/0064/0001/0000/0008.htm Geologic significance of Landsat data for 15 giant oil and gas fields]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 64, p. 8–36.
−
* Foster, N., H., Beaumont, E., A., eds., 1992, Photogeology and photogeomorphology: AAPG Treatise of Petroleum Geology Reprint Series 18, 555 p.
+
* Foster, N. H., and E. A. Beaumont, eds., 1992, Photogeology and photogeomorphology: AAPG Treatise of Petroleum Geology Reprint Series 18, 555 p.
−
* Beauchamp, W., Barazangi, M., Demnati, A., El Alji, M., 1996, Intracontinental rifting and inversion: Missour Basin and Atlas Mountains, Morocco: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 80, p. 1459–1482.
+
* Beauchamp, W., M. Barazangi, A. Demnati, and M. El Alji, 1996, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1994-96/data/pg/0080/0009/1450/1459.htm Intracontinental rifting and inversion: Missour Basin and Atlas Mountains, Morocco]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 80, p. 1459–1482.
−
* Allenby, R., J., 1987, Origin of the Bolivian Andean orocline: a geologic study utilizing Landsat and Shuttle Imaging Radar: Tectonophysics, vol. 142, p. 137–154., 10., 1016/0040-1951(87)90119-3
+
* Allenby, R. J., 1987, Origin of the Bolivian Andean orocline: a geologic study utilizing Landsat and Shuttle Imaging Radar: Tectonophysics, vol. 142, p. 137–154, DOI:[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0040195187901193 10.1016/0040-1951(87)90119-3].
−
* Sosromihardjo, S., P., C., 1988, Structural analysis of the north Sumatra Basin with emphasis on synthetic aperture radar data: Proceedings of the Indonesian Petroleum Association, p. 187–209.
+
* Sosromihardjo, S. P. C., 1988, Structural analysis of the north Sumatra Basin with emphasis on synthetic aperture radar data: Proceedings of the Indonesian Petroleum Association, p. 187–209.
−
* Sabins, F., F., Jr., 1998a, Remote sensing for petroleum exploration, part 1: overview of imaging systems: The Leading Edge, vol. 17, p. 467–470., 10., 1190/1., 1437991
+
* Sabins, F. F. Jr., 1998a, Remote sensing for petroleum exploration, part 1: overview of imaging systems: The Leading Edge, vol. 17, p. 467–470, DOI: [http://library.seg.org/doi/abs/10.1190/1.1437991 10.1190/1.1437991].
−
* Sabins, F., F., Jr., 1987, Remote Sensing, Principles and Interpretation: New York, W., H. Freeman Company, 449 p.
+
* Sabins, F. F. Jr., 1987, Remote Sensing, Principles and Interpretation: New York, W. H. Freeman Company, 449 p.
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==
−
* [[Scoping techniques and tools]]
+
* [[Frontier reconnaissance techniques and tools]]
 
* [[Plate tectonic studies]]
 
* [[Plate tectonic studies]]
 
* [[Potential fields]]
 
* [[Potential fields]]
−
* [[Regional maps and cross sections]]
 
 
* [[Structural geology fieldwork]]
 
* [[Structural geology fieldwork]]
 
* [[Natural analogs]]
 
* [[Natural analogs]]
Line 110: Line 106:
 
[[Category:Predicting the occurrence of oil and gas traps]]  
 
[[Category:Predicting the occurrence of oil and gas traps]]  
 
[[Category:Exploring for structural traps]]
 
[[Category:Exploring for structural traps]]
 +
[[Category:Treatise Handbook 3]]

Latest revision as of 20:06, 2 February 2022

Remote sensing illustration. Courtesy Wikipedia.

Information provided

Remote sensing data such as satellite imagery can help us examine regional structural fabrics, patterns, and contacts. Detailed mapping can be done using high-resolution satellite imagery and both high-altitude and low-level photography. The infrared bands on satellite imagery minimize the blurring effects of haze. Radar imagery removes the effects of haze and clouds.

Types

There are four types of remote sensing imagery used when exploring for structural traps:

  • Satellite imagery
  • High-altitude photography
  • Low-level aerial photographs
  • Side-looking airborne radar (SLAR) and/or sonar

The following table indicates the coverage and resolution of the various types of satellite imagery.

Type Single Scene Coverage (km) Resolution (m)
Landsat MSS 185 × 170 80
Landsat TM 185 × 170 30
SPOT 60 × 60 20 (color), 10 (b&w)
Soyuz 40 × 40 2

How to get it

Remote sensing imagery can be obtained from the following sources:

  • Directly from vendors or foreign governments for satellite or high-altitude data or by using a contractor as an intermediary for obtaining and/or processing the imagery
  • From published sources such as the proceedings from conferences and topical meetings
  • Directly contracting low-altitude aerial photography or, in the U.S., obtaining existing surveys from the Department of Interior or Department of Agriculture (In foreign locations, such surveys often require local government approval and involvement.)

U.S. sources for high-altitude photography, low-level aerial photography, and SLAR are listed in the table below.

Type of Imagery Sources
High-altitude photography
  • Manned space mission photographs
  • U-2 photographs
  • National High Altitude Photography (NHAP)
Low-level aerial photographs
  • Black and white or color, vertical or oblique photographs
  • Infrared (IR) photographs
Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)
  • Aircraft-based, low-level radar imagery
  • Satellite or shuttle-based radar imagery

Where to use it

Remote sensing data are useful in all structural terranes but are especially important in remote areas where local topographic and geological control is absent or unobtainable.

In hydrocarbon exploration, remote sensing data is primarily used to (1) examine and map the surface geology in and around a concession area and (2) check terrain conditions and access routes for geologic fieldwork, seismic surveys, well locations, pipeline routes, and environmental hazards.

Examples of use

  • Sabins, F. F. Jr., 1998b, Remote sensing for petroleum exploration, part 2: case histories: The Leading Edge, vol. 17, p. 623–626, DOI: 10.1190/1.1438015.
  • Prost, G. L. 1994, Remote Sensing for Geologists: A Guide to Image Interpretation: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 326 p.
  • Insley, M. W., F. X. Murphy, D. Naylor, and M. Critchley, 1996, The use of satellite imagery in the validation and verification of structural interpretations for hydrocarbon exploration in Pakistan and Yemen, in P. G. Buchanan and D. A. Nieuwland, eds., Modern Developments in Structural Interpretation, Validation and Modeling: Geological Society of London Special Publication 99, p. 321–343.
  • Halbouty, M. T., 1980, Geologic significance of Landsat data for 15 giant oil and gas fields: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 64, p. 8–36.
  • Foster, N. H., and E. A. Beaumont, eds., 1992, Photogeology and photogeomorphology: AAPG Treatise of Petroleum Geology Reprint Series 18, 555 p.
  • Beauchamp, W., M. Barazangi, A. Demnati, and M. El Alji, 1996, Intracontinental rifting and inversion: Missour Basin and Atlas Mountains, Morocco: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 80, p. 1459–1482.
  • Allenby, R. J., 1987, Origin of the Bolivian Andean orocline: a geologic study utilizing Landsat and Shuttle Imaging Radar: Tectonophysics, vol. 142, p. 137–154, DOI:10.1016/0040-1951(87)90119-3.
  • Sosromihardjo, S. P. C., 1988, Structural analysis of the north Sumatra Basin with emphasis on synthetic aperture radar data: Proceedings of the Indonesian Petroleum Association, p. 187–209.
  • Sabins, F. F. Jr., 1998a, Remote sensing for petroleum exploration, part 1: overview of imaging systems: The Leading Edge, vol. 17, p. 467–470, DOI: 10.1190/1.1437991.
  • Sabins, F. F. Jr., 1987, Remote Sensing, Principles and Interpretation: New York, W. H. Freeman Company, 449 p.

See also

External links

find literature about
Remote sensing 		       
Retrieved from "https://wiki.aapg.org/index.php?title=Remote_sensing&oldid=27341"