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Hydrocarbon accumulation: the seven critical elements (view source)
Revision as of 16:40, 28 October 2014
, 16:40, 28 October 2014no edit summary
Seven critical elements are necessary for subsurface [[hydrocarbon]] [[accumulation]]s to occur:
Seven critical elements are necessary for subsurface [[hydrocarbon]] [[accumulation]]s to occur:
* Reservoir rock
* [[Reservoir]] rock
* Source rock
* [[Source rock]]
* Seal
* [[Seal]]
* Thermal history
* Thermal history
* Migration and trapping of hydrocarbons
* [[Migration]] and [[trap]]ping of [[hydrocarbon]]s
* Geologic history of the basin
* Geologic history of the basin
* Structural history and style
* Structural history and style
==Critical element checklist==
==Critical element checklist==
The following checklist summarizes key [[attributes]] of the seven critical elements. The working explorer should have a general understanding of these attributes in the basin studied.
The following checklist summarizes key attributes of the seven critical elements. The working explorer should have a general understanding of these attributes in the basin studied.
===Reservoir rock===
===Reservoir rock===
* Lateral continuity (faulted?)
* Lateral continuity (faulted?)
* Mappability
* Mappability
* Depth of burial: structural relief of reservoir top
* Depth of burial
* Structural relief of reservoir top
* Outcrop occurrences
* Outcrop occurrences
* Depositional environment
* Depositional environment
* Facies distribution
* [[Lithofacies|Facies]] distribution
* Provenance
* [http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/provenance Provenance]
* Internal stratigraphic subdivisions
* Internal stratigraphic subdivisions
* Age diagnostic criteria: fossils, intrusives, marker horizons
* Age diagnostic criteria: fossils, [http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/ks3/gsl/education/resources/rockcycle/page3598.html intrusives], marker horizons
* Electric log responses
* Electric log responses
* Pay distribution: vertical, lateral
* Pay distribution: vertical, lateral
* Texture: [[grain size]], [[Core_description#Maturity|sorting]], roundness, crystallinity
* Texture: [[grain size]], [[Core_description#Maturity|sorting]], roundness, crystallinity
* Degree of cementation
* Degree of cementation
* Diagenetic alteration
* [[Diagenesis|Diagenetic]] alteration
* Microfossils
* Microfossils
* [[Fracture]]s
* [[Fracture]]s
* Organic richness
* Organic richness
* Thermal maturity
* Thermal maturity
* Kerogen type
* [[Kerogen types|Kerogen type]]
* Depositional environment
* [[Depositional environments|Depositional environment]]
* Facies
* [[Lithofacies|Facies]]
* Mappability
* Mappability
* Carbonate vs. clastic
* Carbonate vs. clastic
* [[Capillary pressure]]
* [[Capillary pressure]]
* Lateral continuity of sealing formations
* Lateral continuity of sealing formations
* Presence of evaporates
* Presence of [[evaporite]]s
* Fracture systems
* [[Fracture]] systems
===Thermal history===
===Thermal history===
* [[Fracture]]s
* [[Fracture]]s
* Lateral [[permeability]] and [[porosity]]
* Lateral [[permeability]] and [[porosity]]
* Controls on migration
* Controls on [[migration]]
===Geologic history===
===Geologic history===
* Significant episodes of volcanism, subsidence, uplift, erosion
* Significant episodes of volcanism, subsidence, uplift, erosion
* Rates of deposition
* Rates of deposition
* Paleotopography
* [[Paleogeography|Paleotopography]]
* Paleoshoreline
* [[Paleoclimatology|Paleoclimate]]
* [http://www.stratigraphy.org/upload/bak/chron.htm Chronostratigraphy]
* Chronostratigraphy
===Structural history and style===
===Structural history and style===
* Major faults vs. minor faults
* Major faults vs. minor faults
* Zones of weakness
* Zones of weakness
* Dip domains
* [[Dip]] domains
* Outcrop patterns
* Outcrop patterns
* Dip and strike trends
* Dip and [[strike]] trends
* Average throw on faults
* Average [[Wikipedia:Fault_(geology)#Slip.2C_heave.2C_throw|throw]] on faults
==See also==
==See also==