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Line 7: + − [[File:Figura 1.jpeg|300px|thumbnail|right|{{figure number|1}}Gravimetric survey]] − − At first, consist in the indirect searching of the resources using geophysics methods: Magnetic survey or register, gravimetric survey and seismic survey. − Registers the variation of the rocks density, taking as reference the Earth gravitational field (Figure 1).+ − === Seismic survey === − Is the most used and complete method of all. Register the reflection and refraction variation of induced waves into the surface, where the different formations will act in opposite ways, according their characteristics. These waves are captured in surface or, in the offshore exploration, in a ship, by seismographers, who gaugethe transit time and the intensity of the reflected waves for the subgrade rocks. The method objective is that we be allowed to know how the geology in the prospected area is. − There are three kinds of seismic models, one more complete and detail than the other one: 2D, 3D and 4D Seismic. − + − + − In two dimensions (Figure 2). The sources and receptors of the induced waves are ubicated in a line, having as result a seismic line that cover the structure that we wish to know. The separation of these lines areuicated according to the objective and detail level.+ − + + + − + − + +
Offshore exploration and exploitation (view source)
Revision as of 15:28, 10 April 2019
, 15:28, 10 April 2019→Exploration
==Exploration==
==Exploration==
Exploration first consists of the indirect searching for the resources using geophysical methods: Magnetic survey or register, gravimetric survey, and seismic survey.
=== Magnetic survey or register ===
=== Magnetic survey or register ===
Consist in the register of the magnetic fields of the rocks, having the Earth magnetic field as reference. These fields are registered by a magnetometer installed in a plane that flies over the interest zone. Sedimentary formations with hydrocarbons don't manifest [[magnetics]] properties.
Consist in the register of the magnetic fields of the rocks, having the Earth magnetic field as reference. These fields are registered by a magnetometer installed in a plane that flies over the interest zone. Sedimentary formations with hydrocarbons don't manifest [[magnetics]] properties.
=== Gravimetric survey ===
=== Gravimetric survey ===
[[File:Figura 1.jpeg|300px|thumbnail|right|{{figure number|1}}Gravimetric survey]]
[[File:2D Seismic.jpeg|300px|thumbnail|right|Figure 2: 2D Seismic]]
Registers the variation of rock density, taking as reference the Earth gravitational field ([[:File:Figura 1.jpeg|Figure 1]).
==== 2D Seismic ====
===Seismic survey===
Seismic surveys are the most used and complete method of all. Register the reflection and refraction variation of induced waves into the surface, where the different formations will act in opposite ways, according their characteristics. These waves are captured in surface or, in the offshore exploration, in a ship, by seismographers, who gauge the transit time and the intensity of the reflected waves for the subgrade rocks. There are three kinds of seismic models: one more complete and detail than the other one: 2-D, 3-D, and 4-D seismic.
[[File:3D Seismic.jpeg|300px|thumbnail|left|Figure 3: 3D Seismic]]
====2-D Seismic====
[[File:2D Seismic.jpeg|300px|thumbnail|right|{{figure number|2}}2-D Seismic]]
In two dimensions ([[:File:2D Seismic.jpeg|Figure 2]]), the sources and receptors of the induced waves are ubicated in a line, as a result the seismic line covers the structure. The separation of these lines are ubicated according to the objective and detail level.
==== 3D Seismic ====
==== 3-D Seismic ====
In three dimensions (Figure 3). For his register the sources and receptors ubicates across perpendicular lines each in the interest area, having as result a seismic data volume, with bigger density respect 2D seismic, and provide better ubication of the structures. This method generates seismic cubes according to the deep, the length of the seismic line and the hydrophones arrangement wide.
[[File:3D Seismic.jpeg|300px|thumbnail|left|{{figure number|3}}3-D Seismic]]
In three dimensions ([[:File:3D Seismic.jpeg|Figure 3]]). For his register the sources and receptors ubicates across perpendicular lines each in the interest area, having as result a seismic data volume, with bigger density respect 2-D seismic, and provide better ubication of the structures. This method generates seismic cubes according to the deep, the length of the seismic line and the hydrophones arrangement wide.
==== 4D Seismic ====
==== 4D Seismic ====