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  | isbn    = 0891816607

  | isbn    = 0891816607

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Petroleum geologists and hydrologists have long recognized the need to define quasi-geological/petrophysical units to formalize their descriptions of rock strata as storage containers and conduits for flow of fluids. Maxey<ref name=pt06r83>Maxey, G. B., 1964, Hydrostratigraphic units: Journal of Hydrology, v. 2, p. 124–129., 10., 1016/0022-1694(64)90023-X</ref> even proposed the introduction of the term ''hydrostratigraphic unit'' into the Code of Stratigraphic Nomenclature to fulfill this need. Other terms that have been introduced include ''reservoir facies,''<ref name=Langston_and_Chin_1968>Langston, J. R., and G. E. Chin, 1968, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1968-70/data/pg/0052/0010/1900/1925.htm Rainbow Member facies and related reservoir properties, Rainbow Lake, Alberta]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 52, n. 10, p. 1925-1955.</ref> ''reservoir unit,''<ref name=pt06r98>Pettijohn, F. J., Potter, P. E., Siever, R. 1973, Sand and Sandstone: New York, Springer-Verlag, 618 p.</ref> ''flow unit,''<ref name=pt06r51>Hearn, C. L., Ebanks, W. J. Jr., Tye, R. S., Ranganathan, V. 1984, Geological factors influencing reservoir performance of the Hartzog Draw field: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 36, Aug., p. 1335–1344., 10., 2118/12016-PA</ref><ref name=pt06r31>Ebanks, W. J., Jr., 1987, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/browse/aapg-bulletin/1987/5/ Flow unit concept—integrated approach to reservoir description for engineering projects, abst.]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 71, n. 5, p. 551–552.</ref> and ''lithohydraulic unit.''<ref name=pt06r67>Krause, F. F., Collins, H. N., Nelson, D. A., Mochemer, S. D., French, P. R., 1987, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1986-87/data/pg/0071/0010/1200/1233.htm Multiscale anatomy of a reservoir— geological characterization of Pembina-Cardium pool, west-central Alberta, Canada]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 71, p. 1233–2260.</ref>

Petroleum geologists and hydrologists have long recognized the need to define quasi-geological/petrophysical units to formalize their descriptions of rock strata as storage containers and conduits for flow of fluids. Maxey<ref name=pt06r83>Maxey, G. B., 1964, Hydrostratigraphic units: Journal of Hydrology, v. 2, p. 124–129.</ref> even proposed the introduction of the term ''hydrostratigraphic unit'' into the Code of Stratigraphic Nomenclature to fulfill this need. Other terms that have been introduced include ''reservoir facies,''<ref name=Langston_and_Chin_1968>Langston, J. R., and G. E. Chin, 1968, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1968-70/data/pg/0052/0010/1900/1925.htm Rainbow Member facies and related reservoir properties, Rainbow Lake, Alberta]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 52, n. 10, p. 1925-1955.</ref> ''reservoir unit,''<ref name=pt06r98>Pettijohn, F. J., Potter, P. E., Siever, R. 1973, Sand and Sandstone: New York, Springer-Verlag, 618 p.</ref> ''flow unit,''<ref name=pt06r51>Hearn, C. L., Ebanks, W. J. Jr., Tye, R. S., Ranganathan, V. 1984, Geological factors influencing reservoir performance of the Hartzog Draw field: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 36, Aug., p. 1335–1344, DOI: [https://www.onepetro.org/journal-paper/SPE-12016-PA 10.2118/12016-PA].</ref><ref name=pt06r31>Ebanks, W. J., Jr., 1987, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/browse/aapg-bulletin/1987/5/ Flow unit concept—integrated approach to reservoir description for engineering projects, abst.]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 71, n. 5, p. 551–552.</ref> and ''lithohydraulic unit.''<ref name=pt06r67>Krause, F. F., Collins, H. N., Nelson, D. A., Mochemer, S. D., French, P. R., 1987, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1986-87/data/pg/0071/0010/1200/1233.htm Multiscale anatomy of a reservoir— geological characterization of Pembina-Cardium pool, west-central Alberta, Canada]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 71, p. 1233–2260.</ref>

This article outlines one approach to zonation of a reservoir for modeling and prediction of performance—the flow unit concept. The subdivision of a reservoir into flow units provides a practical means for reservoir zonation that makes use of both geological and petrophysical data representing heterogeneity observed at several scales (see [[Geological heterogeneities]]).

This article outlines one approach to zonation of a reservoir for modeling and prediction of performance—the flow unit concept. The subdivision of a reservoir into flow units provides a practical means for reservoir zonation that makes use of both geological and petrophysical data representing heterogeneity observed at several scales (see [[Geological heterogeneities]]).

|   Elk City, Oklahoma

|   Elk City, Oklahoma

| Mapping of “flow unit-like” subdivisions of clastic rocks on the basis of lithological, well test, and production data

| Mapping of “flow unit-like” subdivisions of clastic rocks on the basis of lithological, well test, and production data

| <ref name=pt06r129>Sneider, R. M., Richardson, F. H., Paynter, D. D., Eddy, R. R., Wyant, I. A., 1977, Predicting reservoir rock geometry and continuity in Pennsylvanian reservoirs, Elk City field, Oklahoma: Journal of Petroleum Technology, July, p. 851–866.</ref>

| <ref name=pt06r129>Sneider, R. M., Richardson, F. H., Paynter, D. D., Eddy, R. R., Wyant, I. A., 1977, [https://www.onepetro.org/journal-paper/SPE-6138-PA Predicting reservoir rock geometry and continuity in Pennsylvanian reservoirs, Elk City field, Oklahoma]: Journal of Petroleum Technology, July, p. 851–866.</ref>

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|   Hartzog Draw, Wyoming

|   Hartzog Draw, Wyoming

| Flow units applied to reservoir characterization of shelf sandstones for an EOF) project

| Flow units applied to reservoir characterization of shelf sandstones for an EOF) project

|  <ref name=Hearn_et_al._1984>Hearn, C. L., W. J. Ebanks Jr., R. S. Tye, and V. Ranganathan, 1984, Geological factors influencing reservoir performance of the Hartzog Draw field: Journalof Petroleum Technology, v. 36, Aug., p. 1335-1344.</ref>

|  <ref name=Hearn_et_al._1984>Hearn, C. L., W. J. Ebanks Jr., R. S. Tye, and V. Ranganathan, 1984, [https://www.onepetro.org/journal-paper/SPE-12016-PA Geological factors influencing reservoir performance of the Hartzog Draw field]: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 36, Aug., p. 1335-1344.</ref>

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|   Pembina, Alberta

|   Pembina, Alberta

|   Balmoral, North Sea

|   Balmoral, North Sea

| Flow unit model of turbidite sands integrating geological and petrophysical properties for reservoir simulation and management

| Flow unit model of turbidite sands integrating geological and petrophysical properties for reservoir simulation and management

| <ref name=pt06r121>Slatt, R. M., Hopkins, G. L., 1990, Scaling of geological reservoir description to engineering needs: Journal of Petroleum Technology, Feb., p. 202–210.</ref>

| <ref name=pt06r121>Slatt, R. M., Hopkins, G. L., 1990, [https://www.onepetro.org/journal-paper/SPE-18136-PA Scaling of geological reservoir description to engineering needs]: Journal of Petroleum Technology, Feb., p. 202–210.</ref>

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| ''' Carbonate Reservoirs '''

| ''' Carbonate Reservoirs '''

| Spraberry Trend, Midland basin, Texas

| Spraberry Trend, Midland basin, Texas

| Facies architecture and petrophysical properties of submarine fan reservoirs

| Facies architecture and petrophysical properties of submarine fan reservoirs

| <ref name=pt06r43>Guevara, E. H., 1988, Geological characterization of Permian submarine fan reservoirs of the Driver Waterflood Unit, Spraberry Trend, Midland Basin, Texas: The Univ. of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology Report of Investigations, n. 172, 44 pp.</ref><ref name=pt06r143>Tyler, N., Gholston, J. C., 1988, Heterogeneous deep-sea fan reservoirs, Shakelford and Preston waterflood units, Spraberry Trend, West Texas: The Univ. of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology Report of Investigations, n. 171, 38 p.</ref>

| <ref name=pt06r43>Guevara, E. H., 1988, Geological characterization of Permian submarine fan reservoirs of the Driver Waterflood Unit, Spraberry Trend, Midland Basin, Texas: The Univ. of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology Report of Investigations, n. 172, 44 p.</ref><ref name=pt06r143>Tyler, N., Gholston, J. C., 1988, Heterogeneous deep-sea fan reservoirs, Shakelford and Preston waterflood units, Spraberry Trend, West Texas: The Univ. of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology Report of Investigations, n. 171, 38 p.</ref>

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