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Line 29: − These are the homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons with general molecular formula CnH2n-2. They are unsaturated hydrocarbon, each alkyne molecule is composed of carbon-carbon tripple bond in which the carbon-carbon bonds is made up of two pi bonds and one sigma bond. They exhibit the SP hybridized state with 50% S-orbital and 50% P-orbital character, the shape is linear and d bond angle is 180 degree. They are very reactive due to the presence of pi bonds which are exposed during hybridization. Alkynes have higher degree of unsaturation than alkenes, hence they are chemically more reactive than the corresponding alkanes and alkenes. Alkynes are prone to addition reactions due to their electron rich tripple bond. Members of this series include ethyne, propyne, butyne e.t.c. + − +
→Alkynes
===Alkynes===
===Alkynes===
Alkynes are the homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons with general molecular formula CnH2n-2. They are unsaturated hydrocarbon, each alkyne molecule is composed of carbon-carbon triple bond in which the carbon-carbon bonds is made up of two pi bonds and one sigma bond. They exhibit the SP hybridized state with 50% S-orbital and 50% P-orbital character, the shape is linear and the bond angle is 180°. They are very reactive due to the presence of pi bonds, which are exposed during hybridization. Alkynes have higher degree of unsaturation than alkenes, hence they are chemically more reactive than the corresponding alkanes and alkenes. Alkynes are prone to addition reactions due to their electron rich triple bond. Members of this series include ethyne, propyne, butyne, etc.
====Laboratory preparation====
====Laboratory preparation====
Ethyne can be prepared in the laboratory by the action of cold water on calcium carbide. This process is accompained by the release of large amount of heat.<ref name=chemguide /><ref name=NSC />
Ethyne can be prepared in the laboratory by the action of cold water on calcium carbide. This process is accompanied by the release of large amount of heat.<ref name=chemguide /><ref name=NSC />
==Aromatic Compounds==
==Aromatic Compounds==