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| isbn = 0891810617
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[[file:Fieldwork.JPG|thumb|400px|Early oil finders.]]
Commercial production of oil is considered to have started in 1859 in the United States with the discovery of oil near Titusville, western Pennsylvania, by "Colonel" [http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/people/4277/drake,_edwin_l_/443544 Edwin L. Drake]. Several countries soon joined the United States as oil producers, and by the turn of the century, the world's production had reached 350 million bbl per year. Production of oil reached 1 billion bbl in 1923, 2 billion bbl in 1939, and 3 billion bbl in 1947. Production grew at an increasing rate in the following decades, reaching 20.3 billion bbl annually in 1973. The rapid increase in production that characterized the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s was interrupted in 1973 by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_oil_crisis first oil shock], the consequence of the Yom Kippur War, and the resulting Arab oil embargo, which brought a sharp increase in the price of oil. Annual oil production dropped sharply to 19.3 billion bbl.
Commercial production of oil is considered to have started in 1859 in the United States with the discovery of oil near Titusville, western Pennsylvania, by "Colonel" [http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/people/4277/drake,_edwin_l_/443544 Edwin L. Drake]. Several countries soon joined the United States as oil producers, and by the turn of the century, the world's production had reached 350 million bbl per year. Production of oil reached 1 billion bbl in 1923, 2 billion bbl in 1939, and 3 billion bbl in 1947. Production grew at an increasing rate in the following decades, reaching 20.3 billion bbl annually in 1973. The rapid increase in production that characterized the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s was interrupted in 1973 by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_oil_crisis first oil shock], the consequence of the Yom Kippur War, and the resulting Arab oil embargo, which brought a sharp increase in the price of oil. Annual oil production dropped sharply to 19.3 billion bbl.