Changes

==Range of capacities==

==Range of capacities==

The figure to the right shows the range of seal capacities of different rock types. This figure was compiled from published displacement pressures based upon mercury capillary curves. Column heights were calculated using a 35°API oil at near-surface conditions with a density of 0.85 g/cm³, an interfacial tension of 21 dynes/cm, and a brine density of 1.05 g/cm³. Data were compiled from Smith<ref name=ch10r76>Smith, D., A., 1966, Theoretical considerations of sealing and non-sealing faults: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 50, no. 2, p. 363–374.</ref> Thomas et al.<ref name=ch10r83>Thomas, L., K., Katz, D., L., Ted, M., R., 1968, Threshold pressure phenomena in porous media: Transactions of SPE, vol. 243, p. 174–184.</ref> Schowalter<ref name=ch10r67>Schowalter, T., T., 1979, Mechanics of secondary hydrocarbon [[migration]] and entrapment: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 63, no. 5, p. 723–760.</ref> Wells and Amaefule<ref name=ch10r94>Wells, J., D., Amafuele, J., O., 1985, [[Capillary pressure]] and [[permeability]] relationships in tight gas sands: SPE/DOE paper 13879.</ref> Melas and Friedman<ref name=ch10r56>Melas, F., F., Friedman, G., M., 1992, Petrophysical characteristics of the Jurassic Smackover Formation, Jay field, Conecuh Embayment, Alabama and Florida: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 76, no. 1, p. 81–100.</ref> Vavra et al.<ref name=ch10r87>Vavra, C., L., Kaldi, J., G., Sneider, R., M., 1992, Geological applications of [[capillary pressure]]: a review: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 76, no. 6, p. 840–850.</ref> Boult<ref name=ch10r6>Boult, P., J., 1993, Membrane seal and tertiary [[migration pathway]]s in the Bodalla South oilfield, Eronmanga Basin, Australia: Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 3–13., 10., 1016/0264-8172(93)90095-A</ref> Khrushin (1993), and Shea et al..<ref name=ch10r68>Shea, W., T., Schwalbach, J., R., Allard, D., M., 1993, Integrated rock-log evaluation of fluvio-lacustrine seals, in Ebanks, J., Kaldi, J., Vavra, C., eds., Seals and Traps: A Multidisciplinary Approach: AAPG Hedberg Research conference, unpublished abstract.</ref>

[[file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-50.png|thumb|{{figure number|1}} See text for explanation.]]

[[file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-50.png|thumb|{{figure number|10-50}}See text for explanation.]]

[[:file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-50.png|Figure 1]] shows the range of seal capacities of different rock types. This figure was compiled from published displacement pressures based upon mercury capillary curves. Column heights were calculated using a 35°API oil at near-surface conditions with a density of 0.85 g/cm³, an interfacial tension of 21 dynes/cm, and a brine density of 1.05 g/cm³. Data were compiled from Smith<ref name=ch10r76>Smith, D., A., 1966, Theoretical considerations of sealing and non-sealing faults: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 50, no. 2, p. 363–374.</ref> Thomas et al.<ref name=ch10r83>Thomas, L., K., Katz, D., L., Ted, M., R., 1968, Threshold pressure phenomena in porous media: Transactions of SPE, vol. 243, p. 174–184.</ref> Schowalter<ref name=ch10r67>Schowalter, T., T., 1979, Mechanics of secondary hydrocarbon [[migration]] and entrapment: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 63, no. 5, p. 723–760.</ref> Wells and Amaefule<ref name=ch10r94>Wells, J., D., Amafuele, J., O., 1985, [[Capillary pressure]] and [[permeability]] relationships in tight gas sands: SPE/DOE paper 13879.</ref> Melas and Friedman<ref name=ch10r56>Melas, F., F., Friedman, G., M., 1992, Petrophysical characteristics of the Jurassic Smackover Formation, Jay field, Conecuh Embayment, Alabama and Florida: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 76, no. 1, p. 81–100.</ref> Vavra et al.<ref name=ch10r87>Vavra, C., L., Kaldi, J., G., Sneider, R., M., 1992, Geological applications of [[capillary pressure]]: a review: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 76, no. 6, p. 840–850.</ref> Boult<ref name=ch10r6>Boult, P., J., 1993, Membrane seal and tertiary [[migration pathway]]s in the Bodalla South oilfield, Eronmanga Basin, Australia: Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 3–13., 10., 1016/0264-8172(93)90095-A</ref> Khrushin (1993), and Shea et al..<ref name=ch10r68>Shea, W., T., Schwalbach, J., R., Allard, D., M., 1993, Integrated rock-log evaluation of fluvio-lacustrine seals, in Ebanks, J., Kaldi, J., Vavra, C., eds., Seals and Traps: A Multidisciplinary Approach: AAPG Hedberg Research conference, unpublished abstract.</ref>

==Generalizations==

==Generalizations==