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Sediment thickness and field location maps: Gulf of Mexico example (view source)
Revision as of 18:47, 30 January 2014
, 18:47, 30 January 2014Initial import
{{publication
| image = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png
| width = 120px
| series = Treatise in Petroleum Geology
| title = Exploring for Oil and Gas Traps
| part = Critical elements of the petroleum system
| chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis
| frompg = 4-1
| topg = 4-123
| author = John M. Armentrout
| link = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm
| pdf =
| store = http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545
| isbn = 0-89181-602-X
}}
==Discussion==
Amap of the sediment thickness (isopach) and occurrence of hydrocarbons is an initial step in identifying the [[petroleum system]](s) of a basin. The figure below shows the total Jurassic to Recent sediment thickness and hydrocarbon occurrences in the GOM basin The hydrocarbon occurrences are concentrated in reservoir rocks that range in age from Jurassic to Pleistocene along the northern margin of the basin in the area over transitional crust and thick salt accumulations. Identification of specific subbasinal depocenters within the area of hydrocarbon occurrences is shown in Figure 4-4. Hydrocarbon types reflect the composition of the kerogens from which they were generated and provide an estimate of the potential number of [[[[source rock]]s]] within the area (see Figure 4-5).
==Map of major sand influxes==
Major influxes of sand into the northern GOM margin have shifted laterally from the Late Cretaceous to Recent.<ref name=ch04r114>Winker, C., D., 1982, Cenozoic shelf margins, northwestern Gulf of mexico: Gulf Coast Assoc. of Geological Societies Transactions, vol. 32, p. 427–448.</ref> Each of these depocenters is related to the progressive filling of the basin margin, shifting the accommodation space basinward. Accommodation space refers to the volume of space available for sediment accumulation—the space resulting from the interaction of tectonic subsidence or uplift, sea level change, and compaction of the underlying sediment. Additionally, the lateral shift of the fluvial systems is recorded by sand-prone facies that document both the primary input area and the lateral shift of the depocenter through time.
Many of these lateral shifts result from tectonic events along the basin margin or within the drainage basins themselves.<ref name=ch04r34>Galloway, W., E., 1989a, Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysis I: architecture and genesis of flooding-surface bounded depositional units: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 73, p. 125–142.</ref> The lateral shift of the fluvial-deltaic systems is also reflected in the lateral shift of the gravity-flow depositional systems on the slope and basin floor (see Feng and Buffler, 1994).
The map below shows major sand influxes into the northern Gulf of Mexico from Late Cretaceous to Recent. Each area of sand-prone sediment provides age-specific potential reservoirs within these fluvial-deltaic depositional systems.
==See also==
* [[Defining the basin framework]]
* [[How to define the framework of a basin]]
* [[Example: defining a basin outline]]
* [[Example: mapping hydrocarbon types]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{search}}
* [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm Original content in Datapages]
* [http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 Find the book in the AAPG Store]
[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]
[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]
| image = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png
| width = 120px
| series = Treatise in Petroleum Geology
| title = Exploring for Oil and Gas Traps
| part = Critical elements of the petroleum system
| chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis
| frompg = 4-1
| topg = 4-123
| author = John M. Armentrout
| link = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm
| pdf =
| store = http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545
| isbn = 0-89181-602-X
}}
==Discussion==
Amap of the sediment thickness (isopach) and occurrence of hydrocarbons is an initial step in identifying the [[petroleum system]](s) of a basin. The figure below shows the total Jurassic to Recent sediment thickness and hydrocarbon occurrences in the GOM basin The hydrocarbon occurrences are concentrated in reservoir rocks that range in age from Jurassic to Pleistocene along the northern margin of the basin in the area over transitional crust and thick salt accumulations. Identification of specific subbasinal depocenters within the area of hydrocarbon occurrences is shown in Figure 4-4. Hydrocarbon types reflect the composition of the kerogens from which they were generated and provide an estimate of the potential number of [[[[source rock]]s]] within the area (see Figure 4-5).
==Map of major sand influxes==
Major influxes of sand into the northern GOM margin have shifted laterally from the Late Cretaceous to Recent.<ref name=ch04r114>Winker, C., D., 1982, Cenozoic shelf margins, northwestern Gulf of mexico: Gulf Coast Assoc. of Geological Societies Transactions, vol. 32, p. 427–448.</ref> Each of these depocenters is related to the progressive filling of the basin margin, shifting the accommodation space basinward. Accommodation space refers to the volume of space available for sediment accumulation—the space resulting from the interaction of tectonic subsidence or uplift, sea level change, and compaction of the underlying sediment. Additionally, the lateral shift of the fluvial systems is recorded by sand-prone facies that document both the primary input area and the lateral shift of the depocenter through time.
Many of these lateral shifts result from tectonic events along the basin margin or within the drainage basins themselves.<ref name=ch04r34>Galloway, W., E., 1989a, Genetic stratigraphic sequences in basin analysis I: architecture and genesis of flooding-surface bounded depositional units: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 73, p. 125–142.</ref> The lateral shift of the fluvial-deltaic systems is also reflected in the lateral shift of the gravity-flow depositional systems on the slope and basin floor (see Feng and Buffler, 1994).
The map below shows major sand influxes into the northern Gulf of Mexico from Late Cretaceous to Recent. Each area of sand-prone sediment provides age-specific potential reservoirs within these fluvial-deltaic depositional systems.
==See also==
* [[Defining the basin framework]]
* [[How to define the framework of a basin]]
* [[Example: defining a basin outline]]
* [[Example: mapping hydrocarbon types]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{search}}
* [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm Original content in Datapages]
* [http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 Find the book in the AAPG Store]
[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]
[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]