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Maps of hydrocarbon types: Gulf of Mexico example (view source)
Revision as of 18:48, 30 January 2014
, 18:48, 30 January 2014Initial import
{{publication
| image = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png
| width = 120px
| series = Treatise in Petroleum Geology
| title = Exploring for Oil and Gas Traps
| part = Critical elements of the petroleum system
| chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis
| frompg = 4-1
| topg = 4-123
| author = John M. Armentrout
| link = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm
| pdf =
| store = http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545
| isbn = 0-89181-602-X
}}
==Discussion==
Hydrocarbon types reflect the composition of the kerogens from which they were generated. Kerogens are the insoluble organic matter in sedimentary rocks. Maps of hydrocarbon types estimate the number and distribution of mature generating [[[[source rock]]s]]. The following map of hydrocarbon types is based on analyses of more than 2000 oil, 600 gas, and 1200 seep samples correlated to specific source rocks. Nine oil-source-rock families have been identified (labeled 1-9; see table on following page), each having a specific geographic distribution related to mature source-rock location and [[migration]] paths. We will focus on the High Island-East Breaks area, where families 1 and 6 overlap (bold arrow).
==Source table==
The table below, modified from Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40>Gross, O., P., Hood, K., C., Wenger, L., M., Harrison, S., C., 1995, Seismic imaging and analysis of source and migration within an integrated hydrocarbon system study, northern Gulf of Mexico basin: Abstracts, 1st Latin American Geophysical conference, p. 1–4.</ref> lists source-rock ages, oil types, and map numbers for Figure 4-5.
{| class = "wikitable"
|-
! Source-rock age
! Oil type
! Map #
|-
| Lower Tertiary (centered on Eocene, ~50-40 Ma)
| Tertiary marine <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn1"></ref> <br/> <break> </break> Tertiary intermediate <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn1"></ref> <br/> Tertiary terrestrial
|
|-
| Upper Cretaceous (centered on Turonian, ~85-95 Ma)
| Marine; low sulfur; no Tertiary influence <break> </break> Calcareous; moderate sulfur; no Tertiary influence <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn2"></ref> <br/>
|
|-
| Lower Cretaceous (centered on Aptian, ~115-105 Ma)
| Carbonate; elevated salinity; Lower Cretaceous <break> </break> Calcareous; moderate sulfur; Lower Cretaceous <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn2"></ref> <br/>
|
|-
| Uppermost Jurassic (centered on Tithonian, ~140-130 Ma)
| Marine; high sulfur; Jurassic <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn3"></ref> <br/> <break> </break> Marine; moderately high sulfur; Jurassic <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn3"></ref> <br/> <break> </break> Marine; moderate sulfur; Jurassic <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn3"></ref> <br/> <break> </break> Calcareous; Upper Jurassic or Lower Cretaceous?
|
|-
| Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian, ~ 152-145 Ma)
| Carbonate; elevated salinity; Jurassic <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn4"></ref> <br/>
|
|-
| Triassic (Eagle Mills, > 210 Ma)
| Triassic; lacustrine
|
|}
[[file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-5.png|thumb|{{figure number|4-5}}Modified from Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40 />).]]
==Summary==
By overlaying maps of total overburden thickness above major source-rock intervals, thermally mature source-rock distribution, hydrocarbon occurrences, and major structural features, the regional elements of the [[petroleum system]](s) begin to emerge.
==See also==
* [[Defining the basin framework]]
* [[How to define the framework of a basin]]
* [[Example: defining a basin outline]]
* [[Example: mapping sediment thickness and field location]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{search}}
* [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm Original content in Datapages]
* [http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 Find the book in the AAPG Store]
[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]
[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]
| image = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png
| width = 120px
| series = Treatise in Petroleum Geology
| title = Exploring for Oil and Gas Traps
| part = Critical elements of the petroleum system
| chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis
| frompg = 4-1
| topg = 4-123
| author = John M. Armentrout
| link = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm
| pdf =
| store = http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545
| isbn = 0-89181-602-X
}}
==Discussion==
Hydrocarbon types reflect the composition of the kerogens from which they were generated. Kerogens are the insoluble organic matter in sedimentary rocks. Maps of hydrocarbon types estimate the number and distribution of mature generating [[[[source rock]]s]]. The following map of hydrocarbon types is based on analyses of more than 2000 oil, 600 gas, and 1200 seep samples correlated to specific source rocks. Nine oil-source-rock families have been identified (labeled 1-9; see table on following page), each having a specific geographic distribution related to mature source-rock location and [[migration]] paths. We will focus on the High Island-East Breaks area, where families 1 and 6 overlap (bold arrow).
==Source table==
The table below, modified from Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40>Gross, O., P., Hood, K., C., Wenger, L., M., Harrison, S., C., 1995, Seismic imaging and analysis of source and migration within an integrated hydrocarbon system study, northern Gulf of Mexico basin: Abstracts, 1st Latin American Geophysical conference, p. 1–4.</ref> lists source-rock ages, oil types, and map numbers for Figure 4-5.
{| class = "wikitable"
|-
! Source-rock age
! Oil type
! Map #
|-
| Lower Tertiary (centered on Eocene, ~50-40 Ma)
| Tertiary marine <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn1"></ref> <br/> <break> </break> Tertiary intermediate <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn1"></ref> <br/> Tertiary terrestrial
|
|-
| Upper Cretaceous (centered on Turonian, ~85-95 Ma)
| Marine; low sulfur; no Tertiary influence <break> </break> Calcareous; moderate sulfur; no Tertiary influence <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn2"></ref> <br/>
|
|-
| Lower Cretaceous (centered on Aptian, ~115-105 Ma)
| Carbonate; elevated salinity; Lower Cretaceous <break> </break> Calcareous; moderate sulfur; Lower Cretaceous <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn2"></ref> <br/>
|
|-
| Uppermost Jurassic (centered on Tithonian, ~140-130 Ma)
| Marine; high sulfur; Jurassic <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn3"></ref> <br/> <break> </break> Marine; moderately high sulfur; Jurassic <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn3"></ref> <br/> <break> </break> Marine; moderate sulfur; Jurassic <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn3"></ref> <br/> <break> </break> Calcareous; Upper Jurassic or Lower Cretaceous?
|
|-
| Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian, ~ 152-145 Ma)
| Carbonate; elevated salinity; Jurassic <ref group="t" name="ch04tblfn4"></ref> <br/>
|
|-
| Triassic (Eagle Mills, > 210 Ma)
| Triassic; lacustrine
|
|}
[[file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-5.png|thumb|{{figure number|4-5}}Modified from Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40 />).]]
==Summary==
By overlaying maps of total overburden thickness above major source-rock intervals, thermally mature source-rock distribution, hydrocarbon occurrences, and major structural features, the regional elements of the [[petroleum system]](s) begin to emerge.
==See also==
* [[Defining the basin framework]]
* [[How to define the framework of a basin]]
* [[Example: defining a basin outline]]
* [[Example: mapping sediment thickness and field location]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{search}}
* [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm Original content in Datapages]
* [http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 Find the book in the AAPG Store]
[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]
[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]