Changes

===Subtidal-supratidal dolomitization and sulfate emplacement reservoir model===

===Subtidal-supratidal dolomitization and sulfate emplacement reservoir model===

The [[subtidal]]-[[supratidal]] model ([[:file:carbonate-reservoir-models-facies-diagenesis-and-flow-characterization_fig3.png|Figure 3]]) is based on the transport of carbonate sediment onto the shore by [[Storm deposits and currents|storm]] and [[tidal current]]s resulting in the [[progradation]] of the tidal flat environment over the subtidal environment. Subtidal intervals are commonly composed of [[mudstone]]s, [[wackestone]]s, [[packstone]]s, and [[grainstone]]s in no predictable order. When present, [[Grain-supported carbonate|grain-supported]] sediments may be concentrated in the upper part of the subtidal section in the form of offshore bars and high-energy [[shoreface]] deposits. [[Intertidal]] and supratidal sediments are typically muddy except in association with high-energy subtidal sediments. A typical vertical sequence would show intercalated [[Mud-supported carbonate|mud]]- and grain-supported sediments in the subtidal interval overlain by [[algal mat]]s in the intertidal interval, and mud-cracked and desiccated wackestones and mudstones in the supratidal interval.

The [[subtidal]]-[[supratidal]] model ([[:file:carbonate-reservoir-models-facies-diagenesis-and-flow-characterization_fig3.png|Figure 3]]) is based on the transport of carbonate sediment onto the shore by [[Storm deposits and currents|storm]] and [[tidal current]]s resulting in the [[Depocenter#Sediment_supply_rate_and_facies_patterns|progradation]] of the tidal flat environment over the subtidal environment. Subtidal intervals are commonly composed of [[mudstone]]s, [[wackestone]]s, [[packstone]]s, and [[grainstone]]s in no predictable order. When present, [[Grain-supported carbonate|grain-supported]] sediments may be concentrated in the upper part of the subtidal section in the form of offshore bars and high-energy [[shoreface]] deposits. [[Intertidal]] and supratidal sediments are typically muddy except in association with high-energy subtidal sediments. A typical vertical sequence would show intercalated [[Mud-supported carbonate|mud]]- and grain-supported sediments in the subtidal interval overlain by [[algal mat]]s in the intertidal interval, and mud-cracked and desiccated wackestones and mudstones in the supratidal interval.

The subtidal-supratidal sequence is commonly [[Dolomitization|dolomitized]] and contains [[anhydrite]] and [[gypsum]]. In the subtidal interval, dolomitized grainstones retain their [[Intergranular porosity|intergranular pore space]], except where cemented by anhydrite, and form permeable units. Dolomitization of the subtidal mud-supported sediments converts the tight, mud-supported [[limestone]]s to permeable units because of the larger [[dolomite]] crystals and [[intercrystalline porosity|intercrystalline pore space]]. This produces two types of flow units in the subtidal interval: a [[dolomud]]-supported flow unit and a [[dolograin]]-supported flow unit. Each will have a unique [[porosity]]-[[permeability]] transform.

The subtidal-supratidal sequence is commonly [[Dolomitization|dolomitized]] and contains [[anhydrite]] and [[gypsum]]. In the subtidal interval, dolomitized grainstones retain their [[Intergranular porosity|intergranular pore space]], except where cemented by anhydrite, and form permeable units. Dolomitization of the subtidal mud-supported sediments converts the tight, mud-supported [[limestone]]s to permeable units because of the larger [[dolomite]] crystals and [[intercrystalline porosity|intercrystalline pore space]]. This produces two types of flow units in the subtidal interval: a [[dolomud]]-supported flow unit and a [[dolograin]]-supported flow unit. Each will have a unique [[porosity]]-[[permeability]] transform.