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→Oil-based muds
Disadvantages of oil-based mud systems include the following:
Disadvantages of oil-based mud systems include the following:
* ''High initial cost''—The oil fraction alone of a barrel of oil mud may cost [[cost::40-70 USD]] per barrel. This is considerably higher than most water-based muds at any weight.
* ''High initial cost''—The oil fraction alone of a barrel of oil mud may cost 40-70 USD per barrel. This is considerably higher than most water-based muds at any weight.
* ''Slow rates of penetration''—Oil muds historically have had lower rates of penetration as compared to water-based muds.
* ''Slow rates of penetration''—Oil muds historically have had lower rates of penetration as compared to water-based muds.
* ''Pollution control''—Most areas where oil muds are used have environmental restrictions. Rig modifications may be necessary to contain possible spills, to clean up oil mud cuttings, and to handle whole mud without dumping.
* ''Pollution control''—Most areas where oil muds are used have environmental restrictions. Rig modifications may be necessary to contain possible spills, to clean up oil mud cuttings, and to handle whole mud without dumping.