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Line 28: − + − [[file:offshore-rigs_fig1.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Fixed production platforms. From Whittaker.<ref name=pt03r50>Whittaker, A., ed., 1985, Field geologists training guide: Boston, MA, IHRDC, 291 p.</ref>]]+ + + + + Line 42:
Line 46: − − [[file:offshore-rigs_fig2.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|2}}Jackup rigs.<ref name=pt03r50 />]] Line 50:
Line 52: − − [[file:offshore-rigs_fig3.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|3}}Semisubmersible rigs, (a) Pontoon type semisubmersible. (b) Twin hull semisubmersible. From Whittaker.<ref name=pt03r50 />]] Line 62:
Line 62: − − [[file:offshore-rigs_fig4.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|4}}Dynamic positioning drill ship. From Whittaker.<ref name=pt03r50 />]]
→Types of offshore rigs
==Types of offshore rigs==
==Types of offshore rigs==
<gallery mode=packed heights=200px widths=200px>
offshore-rigs_fig1.png|{{figure number|1}}Fixed production platforms. From Whittaker.<ref name=pt03r50>Whittaker, A., ed., 1985, Field geologists training guide: Boston, MA, IHRDC, 291 p.</ref>
offshore-rigs_fig2.png|{{figure number|2}}Jackup rigs.<ref name=pt03r50 />
offshore-rigs_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Semisubmersible rigs, (a) Pontoon type semisubmersible. (b) Twin hull semisubmersible. From Whittaker.<ref name=pt03r50 />
offshore-rigs_fig4.png|{{figure number|4}}Dynamic positioning drill ship. From Whittaker.<ref name=pt03r50 />
</gallery>
The various types of offshore rigs include barges, submersibles, platforms, jackups, and floaters (the latter of which include semisubmersibles and drill ships).
The various types of offshore rigs include barges, submersibles, platforms, jackups, and floaters (the latter of which include semisubmersibles and drill ships).
===Platforms===
===Platforms===
''Platforms'' use a ''jacket'' (a steel tubular framework anchored to the ocean bottom) to support the [[surface production equipment]], living quarters, and drilling rig ([[:file:offshore-rigs_fig1.png|Figure 1]]). Multiple [[Wellbore trajectory|directional wells]] are drilled from the platform by using a rig with a movable substructure. The rig is positioned over preset wellheads by jacking across on skid beams. After all the wells are drilled, the rig and quarters are removed from the platform. Smaller platforms use a jackup rig to drill the wells.
''Platforms'' use a ''jacket'' (a steel tubular framework anchored to the ocean bottom) to support the [[surface production equipment]], living quarters, and drilling rig ([[:file:offshore-rigs_fig1.png|Figure 1]]). Multiple [[Wellbore trajectory|directional wells]] are drilled from the platform by using a rig with a movable substructure. The rig is positioned over preset wellheads by jacking across on skid beams. After all the wells are drilled, the rig and quarters are removed from the platform. Smaller platforms use a jackup rig to drill the wells.
''Jackups'' are similar to platforms except that the support legs are not permanently attached to the seafloor ([[:file:offshore-rigs_fig2.png|Figure 2]]). The weight of the rig is sufficient to keep it on location. The rig's legs can be jacked down to drill and jacked up to move to a new location. When under tow, a [[flotation hull]] buoys the jackup. The [[derrick]] is cantilevered over the rear to fit over preset risers if necessary.
''Jackups'' are similar to platforms except that the support legs are not permanently attached to the seafloor ([[:file:offshore-rigs_fig2.png|Figure 2]]). The weight of the rig is sufficient to keep it on location. The rig's legs can be jacked down to drill and jacked up to move to a new location. When under tow, a [[flotation hull]] buoys the jackup. The [[derrick]] is cantilevered over the rear to fit over preset risers if necessary.
===Floaters===
===Floaters===
There are two categories of floaters: semisubmersibles and drill ships.
There are two categories of floaters: semisubmersibles and drill ships.
===Semisubmersibles===
===Semisubmersibles===