Changes

==Kerogen analysis==

==Kerogen analysis==

The classification of dispersed kerogen constituents is based primarily on their appearance, in an unoxidized state, using transmitted light with ancillary observation employing reflected fluorescent and ultraviolet methods. Many classification strategies have been proposed<ref name=ch17r22>Burgess, J., D., 1974, Microscopic examination of kerogen (dispersed organic matter) in petroleum exploration: GSA Special Paper 153, p. 19–30.</ref><ref name=ch17r7>Batten, D., J., 1981, Palynofacies, organic maturation and source potential for petroleum, in Brooks, J., ed., Organic Maturation Studies and Fossil Fuel Exploration: London, Academic Press, p. 201–223.</ref><ref name=ch17r8>Batten, D., J., 1982, Palynofacies, palaeoenvironments and petroleum: Journal of Micro[[palaeontology]], vol. 1, p. 107–114., 10., 1144/jm., 1., 1., 107</ref><ref name=ch17r9>Batten, D., J., Morrison, J., 1983, Methods of palynological preparation for paleoenvironmental source potential and organic maturation studies, in Costa, L., ed., Palynology-Micro[[paleontology]]: Laboratories, Equipment and Methods: Bulletin of the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate, vol. 2, p. 35–53.</ref><ref name=ch17r94>Whittaker, M. F., 1984, The usage of palynostratigraphy and palynofacies in definition of Troll field geology: Norwegian Petroleum Society Offshore North Seas conference, paper 66, p. 1–50.</ref><ref name=ch17r19>Boulter, M., C., Riddick, A., 1986, Classification and analysis of palynodebris from the Paleocene sediments of the Forties Field: Sedimentology, vol. 33, p. 871–886., 10., 1111/sed., 1986., 33., issue-6</ref><ref name=ch17r45>Hart, G., F., 1986, Origin and classification of organic matter in clastic systems: Palynology, vol. 10, p. 1–23., 10., 1080/01916122., 1986., 9989300</ref> based on degradational state and biological derivation (i.e., plant vs. animal origin). However, sample processing schemes are not standardized between studies. This makes comparison between studies difficult unless applied to strata of the same age from the same basin. Classification and processing procedures are under scrutiny for standardization, and quantitative measurements are being assessed using optical scanners.<ref name=ch17r58>Lorente, M., A., 1990a, Digital image analysis: an approach for quantitative characterization of organic facies and palynofacies, in Fermont, W., J., J., Weegink, J., W., eds., International Symposium in Organic Petrology: Mededlingen Rijks Geologie Dienst, vol. 45, p. 103–109.</ref><ref name=ch17r59>Lorente, M., A., 1990b, Textural characteristics of organic matter in several subenvironments of the Orinoco Upper Delta: Geologie en Mijnbouw, vol. 69, p. 263–278.</ref><ref name=ch17r46>Highton, P., J., C., Pearson, C., A., Scott, A., C., 1991, Palynofacies and palynodebris and their use in Coal Measure palaeoecology and palaeoenvironmental analysis: Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlung, vol. 183, no. 1–3, p. 135–169.</ref>

The classification of dispersed kerogen constituents is based primarily on their appearance, in an unoxidized state, using transmitted light with ancillary observation employing reflected fluorescent and ultraviolet methods. Many classification strategies have been proposed<ref name=ch17r22>Burgess, J., D., 1974, Microscopic examination of kerogen (dispersed organic matter) in petroleum exploration: GSA Special Paper 153, p. 19–30.</ref><ref name=ch17r7>Batten, D., J., 1981, Palynofacies, organic maturation and source potential for petroleum, in Brooks, J., ed., Organic Maturation Studies and Fossil Fuel Exploration: London, Academic Press, p. 201–223.</ref><ref name=ch17r8>Batten, D., J., 1982, Palynofacies, palaeoenvironments and petroleum: Journal of Micropalaeontology, vol. 1, p. 107–114., 10., 1144/jm., 1., 1., 107</ref><ref name=ch17r9>Batten, D., J., Morrison, J., 1983, Methods of palynological preparation for paleoenvironmental source potential and organic maturation studies, in Costa, L., ed., Palynology-Micropaleontology: Laboratories, Equipment and Methods: Bulletin of the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate, vol. 2, p. 35–53.</ref><ref name=ch17r94>Whittaker, M. F., 1984, The usage of palynostratigraphy and palynofacies in definition of Troll field geology: Norwegian Petroleum Society Offshore North Seas conference, paper 66, p. 1–50.</ref><ref name=ch17r19>Boulter, M., C., Riddick, A., 1986, Classification and analysis of palynodebris from the Paleocene sediments of the Forties Field: Sedimentology, vol. 33, p. 871–886., 10., 1111/sed., 1986., 33., issue-6</ref><ref name=ch17r45>Hart, G., F., 1986, Origin and classification of organic matter in clastic systems: Palynology, vol. 10, p. 1–23., 10., 1080/01916122., 1986., 9989300</ref> based on degradational state and biological derivation (i.e., plant vs. animal origin). However, sample processing schemes are not standardized between studies. This makes comparison between studies difficult unless applied to strata of the same age from the same basin. Classification and processing procedures are under scrutiny for standardization, and quantitative measurements are being assessed using optical scanners.<ref name=ch17r58>Lorente, M., A., 1990a, Digital image analysis: an approach for quantitative characterization of organic facies and palynofacies, in Fermont, W., J., J., Weegink, J., W., eds., International Symposium in Organic Petrology: Mededlingen Rijks Geologie Dienst, vol. 45, p. 103–109.</ref><ref name=ch17r59>Lorente, M., A., 1990b, Textural characteristics of organic matter in several subenvironments of the Orinoco Upper Delta: Geologie en Mijnbouw, vol. 69, p. 263–278.</ref><ref name=ch17r46>Highton, P., J., C., Pearson, C., A., Scott, A., C., 1991, Palynofacies and palynodebris and their use in Coal Measure palaeoecology and palaeoenvironmental analysis: Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlung, vol. 183, no. 1–3, p. 135–169.</ref>

==See also==

==See also==