Changes

where φs is the sonic-derived porosity, Vclay is the clay volume, Δtlog is the sonic log reading (DT), Δtmatrix is the matrix transit time (see table 4 for reference value), and Δtfluid is the fluid transit time (see table 4 for reference value). Theoretically, a formation with high density will has lower transit time (Δtlog) which will cause the seismic wave to travel faster in that formation. An anomaly in density and sonic log (Δt) in a formation may indicates the presence of fluids in that formation (see section 9).

where φs is the sonic-derived porosity, Vclay is the clay volume, Δtlog is the sonic log reading (DT), Δtmatrix is the matrix transit time (see table 4 for reference value), and Δtfluid is the fluid transit time (see table 4 for reference value). Theoretically, a formation with high density will has lower transit time (Δtlog) which will cause the seismic wave to travel faster in that formation. An anomaly in density and sonic log (Δt) in a formation may indicates the presence of fluids in that formation (see section 9).





Lithology

Value (μs/ft)

Fluid

Value (μs/ft)

Consolidated Sandstone

! Lithology !! Value (μs/ft) !! Fluid !! Value (μs/ft)

55.5

Fresh Water

| Consolidated Sandstone || 55.5 || Fresh Water || 218

Unconsolidated Sandstone

| Unconsolidated Sandstone || 51.5 || Salt Water || 189

51.5

Salt Water

| Limestone || 47.5 || Oil || 238

Limestone

| Dolomite || 43.5 || Methane || 626

47.5

Oil

| Anhydrite || 50.0 || ||

Dolomite

| Gypsum || 52.0 ||  ||

43.5

| Salt || 67.0 ||  ||

Anhydrite

50.0

52.0

67.0

==Reflectivity Coefficient==

==Reflectivity Coefficient==