Changes

==Shale density-ductility vs. depth==

==Shale density-ductility vs. depth==

[[file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-36.png|thumb|{{figure number|2}}Change in density and ductility of shales with increasing depth. Data from Hoshino et al.<ref name=ch10r37 />]]

[[file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-36.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|2}}Change in density and ductility of shales with increasing depth. Data from Hoshino et al.<ref name=ch10r37 />]]

[[:file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-36.png|Figure 2]] shows the change in density and ductility of shales with increasing depth. Laboratory data are plotted on a normal shale compaction curve showing density vs. depth. The figure shows the ductility of each shale at that depth or confining pressure, with ductile samples shown by gray circles and brittle samples shown by black circles. Ductile shales did not fracture; brittle shales fractured. A low-density shale at a depth of [[length::500 m]] is more ductile than a highly compacted shale at a depth of [[depth::5000 m]] in the center of the basin. Identical traps, one in the graben deep and one on an adjacent marginal platform, have different seal risk.

[[:file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-36.png|Figure 2]] shows the change in density and ductility of shales with increasing depth. Laboratory data are plotted on a normal shale compaction curve showing density vs. depth. The figure shows the ductility of each shale at that depth or confining pressure, with ductile samples shown by gray circles and brittle samples shown by black circles. Ductile shales did not fracture; brittle shales fractured. A low-density shale at a depth of [[length::500 m]] is more ductile than a highly compacted shale at a depth of [[depth::5000 m]] in the center of the basin. Identical traps, one in the graben deep and one on an adjacent marginal platform, have different seal risk.