Changes

Correlation techniques, especially gas chromatography, have also been used for the following development applications:

Correlation techniques, especially gas chromatography, have also been used for the following development applications:

* Reservoir continuity studies<ref name=pt05r148>Slentz, L. W., 1981, Geochemistry of reservoir fluids as a unique approach to optimum reservoir management: Middle East Oil Technical Conference of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, Manama, Baharain, SPE 9582.</ref><ref name=pt05r137>Ross, L. M., Ames, R. L., 1988, Stratification of oils in Columbus Basin off Trinidad: Oil and Gas Journal, Sept. 26, p. 72–76.</ref>

* Reservoir continuity studies<ref name=pt05r148>Slentz, L. W., 1981, Geochemistry of reservoir fluids as a unique approach to optimum reservoir management: Middle East Oil Technical Conference of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, Manama, Baharain, SPE 9582.</ref><ref name=pt05r137>Ross, L. M., and R. L. Ames, 1988, Stratification of oils in Columbus Basin off Trinidad: Oil and Gas Journal, Sept. 26, p. 72–76.</ref>

* Identification of producing and nonproducing zones<ref name=pt05r109>Maness, M., Price, J. G. W., 1977, Well formation characterization by residual hydrocarbon analysis: Annual Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, Denver, CO, Oct. 9–12, SPE 6860.</ref>

* Identification of producing and nonproducing zones<ref name=pt05r109>Maness, M., and J. G. W. Price, 1977, Well formation characterization by residual hydrocarbon analysis: Annual Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, Denver, CO, Oct. 9–12, SPE 6860.</ref>

* Identification and localization of [[production problems]]<ref name=pt05r88 />

* Identification and localization of [[production problems]]<ref name=pt05r88 />

* Allocation of production to specific intervals when production is commingled<ref name=pt05r87>Kaufman, R. L., Ahmed, A. S., Hempkins, W. B., 1987, A new technique for the analysis of commingled oils and its application to production allocation calculations: 16th Annual Convention Proceedings of the Indonesian Petroleum Association, p. 247–268.</ref>

* Allocation of production to specific intervals when production is commingled<ref name=pt05r87>Kaufman, R. L., A. S. Ahmed, and W. B. Hempkins, 1987, A new technique for the analysis of commingled oils and its application to production allocation calculations: 16th Annual Convention Proceedings of the Indonesian Petroleum Association, p. 247–268.</ref>

For example, in a formation that has a continuous oil reservoir, the fingerprint of that oil does not change, in other words, a change in a fingerprint reflects a discontinuous reservoir. Therefore, by sampling reservoirs vertically and laterally, it is possible to determine reservoir continuity. [[:file:oil-and-condensate-analysis_fig6.png|Figure 6]] shows a schematic drawing of two reservoir sands that actually define three separate reservoirs. Although geologically equivalent, sands A and B are discontinuous and should be produced as separate reservoirs. Sand C is laterally continuous but vertically discontinuous from both sands A and B. The star diagram shows a representation of the different oil fingerprints. If production from sands A and C in well 1 is commingled, production could be allocated to the individual sands by using the fingerprint differences with a binary mixing model.<ref name=pt05r87 /> [[:file:oil-and-condensate-analysis_fig7.png|Figure 7]] illustrates this with a simple mixing diagram.

For example, in a formation that has a continuous oil reservoir, the fingerprint of that oil does not change, in other words, a change in a fingerprint reflects a discontinuous reservoir. Therefore, by sampling reservoirs vertically and laterally, it is possible to determine reservoir continuity. [[:file:oil-and-condensate-analysis_fig6.png|Figure 6]] shows a schematic drawing of two reservoir sands that actually define three separate reservoirs. Although geologically equivalent, sands A and B are discontinuous and should be produced as separate reservoirs. Sand C is laterally continuous but vertically discontinuous from both sands A and B. The star diagram shows a representation of the different oil fingerprints. If production from sands A and C in well 1 is commingled, production could be allocated to the individual sands by using the fingerprint differences with a binary mixing model.<ref name=pt05r87 /> [[:file:oil-and-condensate-analysis_fig7.png|Figure 7]] illustrates this with a simple mixing diagram.