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East Breaks overburden rock (view source)
Revision as of 20:01, 30 January 2014
, 20:01, 30 January 2014Initial import
{{publication
| image = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png
| width = 120px
| series = Treatise in Petroleum Geology
| title = Exploring for Oil and Gas Traps
| part = Critical elements of the petroleum system
| chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis
| frompg = 4-1
| topg = 4-123
| author = John M. Armentrout
| link = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm
| pdf =
| store = http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545
| isbn = 0-89181-602-X
}}
Overburden rock is the total stratigraphic section above the [[source rock]].<ref name=ch04r61>Magoon, L., B., Dow, W., G., 1994, The [[Petroleum system]]: AAPG Memoir 60, p. 3–24.</ref> The thickness and age of overburden rock provides a history of the rate of burial of a source rock toward and through the increasing temperature domains of the basin. This includes the range of temperatures necessary for cracking kerogens into hydrocarbons.
Because the depth to the probable [[source rocks]] of the East Breaks 160-161 field hydrocarbons is unknown, multiple working hypotheses must be considered. Four intervals of identified source rock are reported by Gross et al..<ref name=ch04r40>Gross, O., P., Hood, K., C., Wenger, L., M., Harrison, S., C., 1995, Seismic imaging and analysis of source and [[migration]] within an integrated hydrocarbon system study, northern Gulf of Mexico basin: Abstracts, 1st Latin American Geophysical conference, p. 1–4.</ref> (Figure 4-5) and are plotted on Figure 4-45. Also plotted is the speculated middle Miocene source rock of Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29>Dow, W., G., Yukler, M., A., Senftle, J., T., Kennicutt, M., C., IIArmentrout, J., M., 1990, Miocene oil source beds in the East Breaks basin, Flex-Trend, offshore Texas: Proceedings, Gulf Coast Section SEPM 9th Annual Research conference, p. 139–150.</ref> Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40 />) consider the petroleum of the East Breaks area to have been sourced by Jurassic marine mudstones for the oil and Paleogene marine mudstones for the gas. Alternatively, Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29 />) suggest middle Miocene marine mudstones as the probable source rock, although Taylor and Armentrout<ref name=ch04r93>Taylor, G., S., Armentrout, J., M., 1990, Rock geochemistry and relationships to produced oils from upper Pliocene turbidites, High Island area, Gulf of Mexico: Proceedings, Gulf Coast Section SEPM 9th Annual Research conference, p. 151–161.</ref> believe the source rock facies to be older than the Miocene slope mudstones.
==Rate of accumulation==
Accumulation of overburden above these five potential source rocks is shown by a dashed line on the events chart (Figure 4-45), indicating no specific rate of accumulation until the interval of late Pliocene to Recent sedimentation where rate variation is shown as defined by Piggott and Pulham.<ref name=ch04r75>Piggott, N., Pulham, A., 1993, Sedimentation rate as the control on hydrocarbon sourcing, generation, and migration in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico: Proceedings, Gulf Coast Section SEPM 14th Annual Research conference, p. 179–191.</ref> Figures 4-32 and 4-33 indicate a major increase in rate of sediment accumulation occurred 6 Ma, which would accelerate burial of potential source rocks into the thermal zone for hydrocarbon generation.
==Amount==
Drilling has documented that the East Breaks depocenter in the vicinity of the 160-161 field contains at least [[depth::15,000 ft]] (5000 m) of late Miocene to Recent sediment (Figure 4-43). Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29 />) use this thickness in calculating [[maturation]] and generation models. The thickness of overburden rock for any one of the older potential source rock intervals will be greater than [[depth::15,000 ft]] (5000 m), but the exact amount is highly speculative.
==See also==
* [[East breaks petroleum system elements]]
* [[Reservoir rock]]
* [[Seal rock]]
* [[Source rock]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{search}}
* [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm Original content in Datapages]
* [http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 Find the book in the AAPG Store]
[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]
[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]
| image = exploring-for-oil-and-gas-traps.png
| width = 120px
| series = Treatise in Petroleum Geology
| title = Exploring for Oil and Gas Traps
| part = Critical elements of the petroleum system
| chapter = Sedimentary basin analysis
| frompg = 4-1
| topg = 4-123
| author = John M. Armentrout
| link = http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm
| pdf =
| store = http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545
| isbn = 0-89181-602-X
}}
Overburden rock is the total stratigraphic section above the [[source rock]].<ref name=ch04r61>Magoon, L., B., Dow, W., G., 1994, The [[Petroleum system]]: AAPG Memoir 60, p. 3–24.</ref> The thickness and age of overburden rock provides a history of the rate of burial of a source rock toward and through the increasing temperature domains of the basin. This includes the range of temperatures necessary for cracking kerogens into hydrocarbons.
Because the depth to the probable [[source rocks]] of the East Breaks 160-161 field hydrocarbons is unknown, multiple working hypotheses must be considered. Four intervals of identified source rock are reported by Gross et al..<ref name=ch04r40>Gross, O., P., Hood, K., C., Wenger, L., M., Harrison, S., C., 1995, Seismic imaging and analysis of source and [[migration]] within an integrated hydrocarbon system study, northern Gulf of Mexico basin: Abstracts, 1st Latin American Geophysical conference, p. 1–4.</ref> (Figure 4-5) and are plotted on Figure 4-45. Also plotted is the speculated middle Miocene source rock of Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29>Dow, W., G., Yukler, M., A., Senftle, J., T., Kennicutt, M., C., IIArmentrout, J., M., 1990, Miocene oil source beds in the East Breaks basin, Flex-Trend, offshore Texas: Proceedings, Gulf Coast Section SEPM 9th Annual Research conference, p. 139–150.</ref> Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40 />) consider the petroleum of the East Breaks area to have been sourced by Jurassic marine mudstones for the oil and Paleogene marine mudstones for the gas. Alternatively, Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29 />) suggest middle Miocene marine mudstones as the probable source rock, although Taylor and Armentrout<ref name=ch04r93>Taylor, G., S., Armentrout, J., M., 1990, Rock geochemistry and relationships to produced oils from upper Pliocene turbidites, High Island area, Gulf of Mexico: Proceedings, Gulf Coast Section SEPM 9th Annual Research conference, p. 151–161.</ref> believe the source rock facies to be older than the Miocene slope mudstones.
==Rate of accumulation==
Accumulation of overburden above these five potential source rocks is shown by a dashed line on the events chart (Figure 4-45), indicating no specific rate of accumulation until the interval of late Pliocene to Recent sedimentation where rate variation is shown as defined by Piggott and Pulham.<ref name=ch04r75>Piggott, N., Pulham, A., 1993, Sedimentation rate as the control on hydrocarbon sourcing, generation, and migration in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico: Proceedings, Gulf Coast Section SEPM 14th Annual Research conference, p. 179–191.</ref> Figures 4-32 and 4-33 indicate a major increase in rate of sediment accumulation occurred 6 Ma, which would accelerate burial of potential source rocks into the thermal zone for hydrocarbon generation.
==Amount==
Drilling has documented that the East Breaks depocenter in the vicinity of the 160-161 field contains at least [[depth::15,000 ft]] (5000 m) of late Miocene to Recent sediment (Figure 4-43). Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29 />) use this thickness in calculating [[maturation]] and generation models. The thickness of overburden rock for any one of the older potential source rock intervals will be greater than [[depth::15,000 ft]] (5000 m), but the exact amount is highly speculative.
==See also==
* [[East breaks petroleum system elements]]
* [[Reservoir rock]]
* [[Seal rock]]
* [[Source rock]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{search}}
* [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch04/ch04.htm Original content in Datapages]
* [http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 Find the book in the AAPG Store]
[[Category:Critical elements of the petroleum system]]
[[Category:Sedimentary basin analysis]]