Changes

==GOM basin example==

==GOM basin example==

In the shelf-margin facies of the East Breaks study area of the GOM basin, a depositional sequence in its simplest form is identified in seismic sections as a couplet consisting of two patterns:

In the shelf-margin facies of the East Breaks study area of the GOM basin, a depositional sequence in its simplest form is identified in seismic sections as a couplet consisting of two patterns:

The seismic reflection profile of the figure below, from the East Breaks field area, illustrates both clinoform and parallel reflection patterns in late Pleistocene sediments immediately below the sea floor (between two sets of bold arrows). Three listric growth faults (down arrows) cut through the clinoforms. These growth faults are part of the regional fault system bounding the shelf edge and upper slope salt-withdrawal basins in the High Island and East Breaks areas.

The seismic reflection profile of the figure below, from the East Breaks field area, illustrates both clinoform and parallel reflection patterns in late Pleistocene sediments immediately below the sea floor (between two sets of bold arrows). Three listric growth faults (down arrows) cut through the clinoforms. These growth faults are part of the regional fault system bounding the shelf edge and upper slope salt-withdrawal basins in the High Island and East Breaks areas.

The arrow at the far left edge of Figure 4-19 marks the trough (white) between parallel, high-amplitude, continuous reflections (black) that underlie the clinoforms (best expressed toward the left side of the figure). Two up arrows show the correlation of this trough across the faults. The clinoforms toplap to the right (north) against the sea floor reflection, defining the overlying transgressive surface above the clinoform tops and below the regionally extensive sea floor reflection. Additionally, the clinoform downlaps basinward, defining a downlap surface. In this case, the downlap surface coincides with the underlying sequence boundary (see .<ref name=ch04r7>Armentrout, J., M., 1991, Paleontological constraints on depositional [[modeling]]: examples of integration of biostratigraphy and seismic stratigraphy, Pliocene–Pleistocene, Gulf of Mexico, in Weimer, P., Link, M., H., eds., Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems: New York, Springer-Verlag, p. 137–170.</ref>

The arrow at the far left edge of [[:file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-19.png|Figure 1]] marks the trough (white) between parallel, high-amplitude, continuous reflections (black) that underlie the clinoforms (best expressed toward the left side of the figure). Two up arrows show the correlation of this trough across the faults. The clinoforms toplap to the right (north) against the sea floor reflection, defining the overlying transgressive surface above the clinoform tops and below the regionally extensive sea floor reflection. Additionally, the clinoform downlaps basinward, defining a downlap surface. In this case, the downlap surface coincides with the underlying sequence boundary (see .<ref name=ch04r7>Armentrout, J., M., 1991, Paleontological constraints on depositional [[modeling]]: examples of integration of biostratigraphy and seismic stratigraphy, Pliocene–Pleistocene, Gulf of Mexico, in Weimer, P., Link, M., H., eds., Seismic Facies and Sedimentary Processes of Submarine Fans and Turbidite Systems: New York, Springer-Verlag, p. 137–170.</ref>

 

==Depositional cycle==

==Depositional cycle==