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Line 129: − + − − [[file:subsurface-maps_fig7.png|thumb|{{figure number|7}}Cumulative oil production map for the A, B, C, and D zones from the San Andres Formation reservoir, Jordan field, Ector and Crane counties, Texas. Contours in MSTB/year/acre. (After <ref name=pt06r81 />.)]]
→Mapping for reservoir management
A variety of maps are used to predict or monitor reservoir performance.
A variety of maps are used to predict or monitor reservoir performance.
[[file:subsurface-maps_fig6.png|thumb|{{figure number|6}}Porosity thickness (ϕH) maps for the B and C zones from the San Andres Formation reservoir, Jordan field, Ector and Crane Counties, Texas. Contours in PV fraction-feet. (After <ref name=pt06r81>Major, R. P., Holtz, M. H., 1989, Effects of geologic heterogeneity on waterflood efficiency at Jordan field, University Lands, Ector and Crane counties, Texas: 64th Annual Technology Conference of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, San Antonio, TX, Oct., SPE 19874, p. 633–640.</ref>.)]]
===[[Permeability]]===
===[[Permeability]]===
===Porosity thickness===
===Porosity thickness===
Reservoir storage capacity or porosity thickness (ϕ''H'') is the product of porosity and net pay (Figure 6).
Reservoir storage capacity or porosity thickness (ϕ''H'') is the product of porosity and net pay ([[:file:subsurface-maps_fig6.png|Figure 6]]).
[[file:subsurface-maps_fig6.png|thumb|{{figure number|6}}Porosity thickness (ϕH) maps for the B and C zones from the San Andres Formation reservoir, Jordan field, Ector and Crane Counties, Texas. Contours in PV fraction-feet. (After <ref name=pt06r81>Major, R. P., Holtz, M. H., 1989, Effects of geologic heterogeneity on waterflood efficiency at Jordan field, University Lands, Ector and Crane counties, Texas: 64th Annual Technology Conference of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, San Antonio, TX, Oct., SPE 19874, p. 633–640.</ref>.)]]
===Productivity index===
===Productivity index===
The solution gas to oil ratio (GOR) is the amount of dissolved gas that will evolve from the oil as the pressure is reduced to atmospheric from some higher pressure. GOR is usually expressed in units of SCF gas/STB oil. A barrel of oil and its solution gas at reservoir conditions of temperature and pressure will usually “shrink” as the fluid is produced and brought to stock tank conditions (normally reported at [[temperature::60°F]] and 14.7 psia). As GOR changes during reservoir life, GORs for individual wells can be mapped periodically to identify areas of the reservoir receiving or not receiving pressure support and serving as indicators for reservoir management action.
The solution gas to oil ratio (GOR) is the amount of dissolved gas that will evolve from the oil as the pressure is reduced to atmospheric from some higher pressure. GOR is usually expressed in units of SCF gas/STB oil. A barrel of oil and its solution gas at reservoir conditions of temperature and pressure will usually “shrink” as the fluid is produced and brought to stock tank conditions (normally reported at [[temperature::60°F]] and 14.7 psia). As GOR changes during reservoir life, GORs for individual wells can be mapped periodically to identify areas of the reservoir receiving or not receiving pressure support and serving as indicators for reservoir management action.
[[file:subsurface-maps_fig7.png|thumb|left|{{figure number|7}}Cumulative oil production map for the A, B, C, and D zones from the San Andres Formation reservoir, Jordan field, Ector and Crane counties, Texas. Contours in MSTB/year/acre. (After <ref name=pt06r81 />.)]]
===Water cut===
===Water cut===
===Cumulative production===
===Cumulative production===
Cumulative oil or gas production is a parameter useful for ultimate reserves forecasts. Cumulative production can also be mapped periodically as a performance indicator signaling areas of the reservoir that may be responding in a manner seemingly unrelated to initial potential. Figure 7 shows an example of cumulative production that was concluded to be only poorly correlated to storage capacity (Figure 6) in individual and summed zones of a carbonate reservoir<ref name=pt06r81 />. In this case, porosity did not necessarily indicate effective porosity.
Cumulative oil or gas production is a parameter useful for ultimate reserves forecasts. Cumulative production can also be mapped periodically as a performance indicator signaling areas of the reservoir that may be responding in a manner seemingly unrelated to initial potential. [[:file:subsurface-maps_fig7.png|Figure 7]] shows an example of cumulative production that was concluded to be only poorly correlated to storage capacity (Figure 6) in individual and summed zones of a carbonate reservoir<ref name=pt06r81 />. In this case, porosity did not necessarily indicate effective porosity.
==Other maps==
==Other maps==