− | [[file:fluid-contacts_fig3.png|left|thumb|{{figure number|3}}Example of calculating hydrodynamic fluid contacts from pressure data. Pressure elevations are shown by arrows. Calculated fluid contacts are shown by thin lines.]] | + | [[file:fluid-contacts_fig3.png|thumb|{{figure number|3}}Example of calculating hydrodynamic fluid contacts from pressure data. Pressure elevations are shown by arrows. Calculated fluid contacts are shown by thin lines.]] |
| A common type of nonhorizontal oil-water contact is tilting in response to hydrodynamics, the movement of water in the reservoir interval. Hydrodynamic conditions that affect fluid contacts are usually associated with active [[meteoric aquifer]]s at relatively shallow depths. Indications of active [[meteoric flow]] include low salinity water, high topographic relief, and proximity to [[recharge]] areas. | | A common type of nonhorizontal oil-water contact is tilting in response to hydrodynamics, the movement of water in the reservoir interval. Hydrodynamic conditions that affect fluid contacts are usually associated with active [[meteoric aquifer]]s at relatively shallow depths. Indications of active [[meteoric flow]] include low salinity water, high topographic relief, and proximity to [[recharge]] areas. |
| Potentiometric elevations are mapped and contoured to determine the change in potentiometric elevation per unit distance, called the ''potentiometric gradient''. The hydrodynamic tilt of a fluid contact can be estimated from the potentiometric gradient and fluid densities by the following relationship:<ref name=pt06r56>Hubbert, M. K., 1953, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1953-56/data/pg/0037/0008/1950/1954.htm Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic conditions]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 37, p. 1954–2026.</ref><ref name=pt06r21>Dahlberg, E. C., 1982, Applied Hydrodynamics in Petroleum Exploration: New York, Springer Verlag, 161 p.</ref> | | Potentiometric elevations are mapped and contoured to determine the change in potentiometric elevation per unit distance, called the ''potentiometric gradient''. The hydrodynamic tilt of a fluid contact can be estimated from the potentiometric gradient and fluid densities by the following relationship:<ref name=pt06r56>Hubbert, M. K., 1953, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1953-56/data/pg/0037/0008/1950/1954.htm Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic conditions]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 37, p. 1954–2026.</ref><ref name=pt06r21>Dahlberg, E. C., 1982, Applied Hydrodynamics in Petroleum Exploration: New York, Springer Verlag, 161 p.</ref> |