Line 16: |
Line 16: |
| Depositional environment influences many aspects of sandstone diagenesis. The flow chart in [[:file:predicting-reservoir-system-quality-and-performance_fig9-51.png|Figure 1]] shows the interrelationship of depositional environment with the many factors controlling sandstone diagenesis. | | Depositional environment influences many aspects of sandstone diagenesis. The flow chart in [[:file:predicting-reservoir-system-quality-and-performance_fig9-51.png|Figure 1]] shows the interrelationship of depositional environment with the many factors controlling sandstone diagenesis. |
| | | |
− | [[file:predicting-reservoir-system-quality-and-performance_fig9-51.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Flow chart showing the interrelationship of depositional environment with the many factors controlling sandstone diagenesis. After Stonecipher et al.<ref name=ch09r60>Stonecipher, S. A., Winn, R. D. Jr., Bishop, M. G., 1984, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/sandsto2/data/a059/a059/0001/0250/0289.htm Diagenesis of the Frontier Formation, Moxa Arch: a function of sandstone geometry, texture and composition, and fluid flux], in McDonald, D. A., Surdam, R. C., eds., Clastic Diagenesis: AAPG Memoir 37, p. 289–316.</ref>]] | + | [[file:predicting-reservoir-system-quality-and-performance_fig9-51.png|400px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Flow chart showing the interrelationship of depositional environment with the many factors controlling sandstone diagenesis. After Stonecipher et al.<ref name=ch09r60>Stonecipher, S. A., R. D. Winn, Jr., and M. G. Bishop, 1984, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/sandsto2/data/a059/a059/0001/0250/0289.htm Diagenesis of the Frontier Formation, Moxa Arch: a function of sandstone geometry, texture and composition, and fluid flux], in D. A. McDonald, and R. C. Surdam eds., Clastic Diagenesis: AAPG Memoir 37, p. 289–316.</ref>]] |
| | | |
| ==Sediment texture and composition== | | ==Sediment texture and composition== |
− | Depositional environment affects sediment composition by determining the amount of reworking and [[Core_description#Maturity|sorting]] by size or hydraulic equivalence. Sediments that have a higher degree of reworking are more mechanically and chemically stable. The energy level of depositional environments affects sorting by size or hydraulic equivalence and consequently produces different detrital mineral suites.<ref name=Stonecipher&May1990>Stonecipher, S. A., and J. A. May, 1990, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/resmi1/data/a065/a065/0001/0000/0025.htm Facies controls on early diagenesis: Wilcox Group, Texas Gulf Coast], in D. Meshri and P.J. Ortoleva, eds., Prediction of Reservoir Quality Through Chemical Modeling, I: AAPG Memoir 49, p. 25–44.</ref> | + | Depositional environment affects sediment composition by determining the amount of reworking and [[Core_description#Maturity|sorting]] by size or hydraulic equivalence. Sediments that have a higher degree of reworking are more mechanically and chemically stable. The energy level of depositional environments affects sorting by size or hydraulic equivalence and consequently produces different detrital mineral suites.<ref name=Stonecipher&May1990>Stonecipher, S. A., and J. A. May, 1990, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/resmi1/data/a065/a065/0001/0000/0025.htm Facies controls on early diagenesis: Wilcox Group, Texas Gulf Coast], in D. Meshri and P. J. Ortoleva, eds., Prediction of Reservoir Quality Through Chemical Modeling, I: AAPG Memoir 49, p. 25–44.</ref> |
| | | |
| For example, different facies of the Wilcox Group along the Gulf Coast of Texas have different compositions that are independent of their source area.<ref name=Stonecipher&May1990 /> Wilcox basal fluvial point bar sands are the coarsest and contain the highest proportion of nondisaggregated lithic fragments. Prodelta sands, deposited in a more distal setting, contain fine quartz, micas, and detrital clays that are products of disaggregation. Reworked sands, such as shoreline or tidal sands, are more quartzose. | | For example, different facies of the Wilcox Group along the Gulf Coast of Texas have different compositions that are independent of their source area.<ref name=Stonecipher&May1990 /> Wilcox basal fluvial point bar sands are the coarsest and contain the highest proportion of nondisaggregated lithic fragments. Prodelta sands, deposited in a more distal setting, contain fine quartz, micas, and detrital clays that are products of disaggregation. Reworked sands, such as shoreline or tidal sands, are more quartzose. |
| | | |
| ==Depositional pore-water chemistry== | | ==Depositional pore-water chemistry== |
− | Depositional pore-water chemistry of a sandstone is a function of depositional environment. Marine sediments typically have alkaline pore water. Nonmarine sediments have pore water with a variety of chemistries. In nonmarine sediments deposited in conditions that were warm and wet, the pore water is initially either acidic or anoxic and has a high concentration of dissolved mineral species.<ref name=ch09r7>Burley, S., D., Kantorowicz, J., D., Waugh, B., 1985, Clastic diagenesis, in Brenchley, P., J., Williams, B., P., J., eds., Sedimentology: Recent Developments and Applied Aspects: London, Blackwell Scientific Publications, p. 189–228.</ref> | + | Depositional pore-water chemistry of a sandstone is a function of depositional environment. Marine sediments typically have alkaline pore water. Nonmarine sediments have pore water with a variety of chemistries. In nonmarine sediments deposited in conditions that were warm and wet, the pore water is initially either acidic or anoxic and has a high concentration of dissolved mineral species.<ref name=ch09r7>Burley, S. D., J. D. Kantorowicz, and B. Waugh, 1985, Clastic diagenesis, in P. J. Brenchley, and B. P. J. Williams, eds., Sedimentology: Recent Developments and Applied Aspects: London, Blackwell Scientific Publications, p. 189–228.</ref> |
| | | |
| ==Marine pore-water chemistry== | | ==Marine pore-water chemistry== |