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Fault seal analysis for reservoir development (view source)
Revision as of 20:38, 28 September 2021
, 20:38, 28 September 2021Created page with "file:AAPG-WIKI-Write-off.jpg ==An Entry from the AAPG 2021 Middle East Wiki Write Off!== by Alfian Gilang Gumelar, BitCan Geoscience & Engineering Inc. Fault seal ..."
[[file:AAPG-WIKI-Write-off.jpg]]
==An Entry from the AAPG [[2021 Middle East Wiki Write Off]]!==
by Alfian Gilang Gumelar, BitCan Geoscience & Engineering Inc.
Fault seal analysis is used to determine the level of connectivity of a separate reservoir due to fault segments. This is controlled by the permeability and porosity parameters of rocks that are in the fault section. Fault segment that becomes insulating if it has high porosity and permeability values will channel hydrocarbon fluid to the surface. So that the fault is one of the traps that are good for hydrocarbons. There is a mechanism where a fault can be a seal of fluid <ref name=Watts_1987>Watts, N. 1987. Theoretical aspects of cap-rock and fault seals for single- and two-phase hydrocarbon columns: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 4, p. 274–307.</ref> <ref name=Knipe_1992>Knipe, R. J., 1992. Faulting processes and fault seal: Structural and tectonic modelling and its application to petroleum geology, Elsevier p. 325-342.</ref>:
[[file:GumelarFigure1.jpg|thumb|300px|{{figure number|1}}Schematic illustration showing the presence of hydrocarbon traps (fault blocks) of normal faults by the interbedded between sandstones and shale (modified from <ref name=Færseth_2006>Færseth, R. B., 2006. Shale smear along large faults: Continuity of smear and the fault seal capacity: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 163, no. 5, p.741-751.</ref>).]]
* Juxtaposition position alignment, where the sandstone reservoir is aligned with rocks that have low permeability (clay / shale) with high pressure ([[:file:GumelarFigure1.jpg|Figure 1]]).
* Clay smear, where the clay enters the fault plane and puts high pressure.
* Cataclastic, where sandstone is crushed so that the grains of sand material enter the fault plane with high capillary pressure.
* Diagenesis, where cementation that occurs in the partial fault plane / can also completely cover porosity so that the field becomes permeable.
[[file:GumelarFigure2.jpg|thumb|300px|{{figure number|2}}Fault seal analysis flowchart.]]
Fault Seal Analysis method has key factors that are vertical movement (throw) and shale or clay content (Vshale) in the rocks involved in faulting<ref name=Yieldingetal_1997>Yielding, G., B. Freeman, and D. T. Needham, 1997, Quantitative fault seal prediction: AAPG Bulletin, v. 81, no. 6, p. 897-917.</ref>. One method of quantity is the Shale Gouge Ratio (SGR) and Hydrocarbon Column Height (HCH) which will analyze fault characteristics ([[:file:GumelarFigure2.jpg|Figure 2]]).
==See also==
* [[2021 Middle East Wiki Write Off]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==An Entry from the AAPG [[2021 Middle East Wiki Write Off]]!==
by Alfian Gilang Gumelar, BitCan Geoscience & Engineering Inc.
Fault seal analysis is used to determine the level of connectivity of a separate reservoir due to fault segments. This is controlled by the permeability and porosity parameters of rocks that are in the fault section. Fault segment that becomes insulating if it has high porosity and permeability values will channel hydrocarbon fluid to the surface. So that the fault is one of the traps that are good for hydrocarbons. There is a mechanism where a fault can be a seal of fluid <ref name=Watts_1987>Watts, N. 1987. Theoretical aspects of cap-rock and fault seals for single- and two-phase hydrocarbon columns: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 4, p. 274–307.</ref> <ref name=Knipe_1992>Knipe, R. J., 1992. Faulting processes and fault seal: Structural and tectonic modelling and its application to petroleum geology, Elsevier p. 325-342.</ref>:
[[file:GumelarFigure1.jpg|thumb|300px|{{figure number|1}}Schematic illustration showing the presence of hydrocarbon traps (fault blocks) of normal faults by the interbedded between sandstones and shale (modified from <ref name=Færseth_2006>Færseth, R. B., 2006. Shale smear along large faults: Continuity of smear and the fault seal capacity: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 163, no. 5, p.741-751.</ref>).]]
* Juxtaposition position alignment, where the sandstone reservoir is aligned with rocks that have low permeability (clay / shale) with high pressure ([[:file:GumelarFigure1.jpg|Figure 1]]).
* Clay smear, where the clay enters the fault plane and puts high pressure.
* Cataclastic, where sandstone is crushed so that the grains of sand material enter the fault plane with high capillary pressure.
* Diagenesis, where cementation that occurs in the partial fault plane / can also completely cover porosity so that the field becomes permeable.
[[file:GumelarFigure2.jpg|thumb|300px|{{figure number|2}}Fault seal analysis flowchart.]]
Fault Seal Analysis method has key factors that are vertical movement (throw) and shale or clay content (Vshale) in the rocks involved in faulting<ref name=Yieldingetal_1997>Yielding, G., B. Freeman, and D. T. Needham, 1997, Quantitative fault seal prediction: AAPG Bulletin, v. 81, no. 6, p. 897-917.</ref>. One method of quantity is the Shale Gouge Ratio (SGR) and Hydrocarbon Column Height (HCH) which will analyze fault characteristics ([[:file:GumelarFigure2.jpg|Figure 2]]).
==See also==
* [[2021 Middle East Wiki Write Off]]
==References==
{{reflist}}