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→Vadose zone
==Vadose zone==
==Vadose zone==
The vadose zone extends from the land surface to the water table. The pore space of sediments in the vadose zone contains both air and water. Solution of carbonate sediment or rock occurs in the vadose zone as a result of meteoric water movement. Initially, meteoric water is undersaturated with CaCO<sub>3</sub> but it quickly becomes saturated as it moves downward and dissolves carbonate grains or cements. Organic matter in the soil zone produces CO<sub>2</sub>. It combines with the water to aid in the solution process. Saturated meteoric water precipitates calcite through evaporation or CO<sub>2</sub> degassing.
The vadose zone extends from the land surface to the water table. The pore space of sediments in the vadose zone contains both air and water. Solution of carbonate sediment or rock occurs in the vadose zone as a result of meteoric water movement. Initially, meteoric water is undersaturated with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_carbonate CaCO<sub>3</sub>] but it quickly becomes saturated as it moves downward and dissolves carbonate grains or cements. Organic matter in the soil zone produces CO<sub>2</sub>. It combines with the water to aid in the solution process. Saturated meteoric water precipitates calcite through evaporation or CO<sub>2</sub> degassing.
Climate greatly affects vadose diagenesis. In arid climates diagenetic alteration may be limited, whereas in humid climates it may be extensive. In humid climates, a thick soil zone develops and there is abundant meteoric water.
Climate greatly affects vadose diagenesis. In arid climates diagenetic alteration may be limited, whereas in humid climates it may be extensive. In humid climates, a thick soil zone develops and there is abundant meteoric water.