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  • Seismic data: building a stratigraphic model
    ...ere there is a contrast in impedance (which is the product of velocity and density). Depth-dependent velocity and density models are needed to identify events or to create a synthetic seismogram. V
    5 KB (805 words) - 19:06, 27 January 2022
  • Pressure prediction: analysis of well-log and seismic data
    ...Because porosity is related to compaction, porosity measurements from well logs can be calibrated to fluid pressure in the pore systems. ==Procedure: analyzing well logs==
    5 KB (733 words) - 17:57, 17 February 2022
  • Using conventional well logs to estimate richness
    ...001/0100/0127.htm In situ evaluation of potential source rocks by wireline logs], in Merrill, R., K., ed., Source and Migration Processes and Evaluation Te ==Using well logs==
    5 KB (768 words) - 15:48, 9 February 2022
  • Density-neutron log porosity
    The combination of the density and neutron logs provides a good source of [[porosity]] data, especially in formations of co ==Density log==
    12 KB (1,763 words) - 16:18, 5 April 2022
  • Determining water saturation
    * [[Determining porosity from density-neutron logs]] * [[Calculating Rw from SP logs]]
    2 KB (244 words) - 13:38, 5 April 2022
  • Formation evaluation of naturally fractured reservoirs
    Well logs can be considered as an indirect source of information. Sometimes they are Sonic amplitude logs are frequently used in attempts to detect [[fracture]]s. Through laboratory
    9 KB (1,380 words) - 17:25, 18 January 2022
  • Borehole gravity applications: examples
    ...density measurements and the gamma-gamma log density measurements. (right) Density values measured by the BHGM (left line) and the gamma-gamma tools (right li ...aused by a remote higher [[porosity]] zone not detected by the gamma-gamma density log. The broader difference anomaly observed over the length of the interva
    11 KB (1,596 words) - 18:08, 24 January 2022
  • Hydrostatic pressure-depth plot construction
    * Pressures calculated from water density .... Also, make the Y-axis on at least one plot the same scale as on the well logs to aid in interpretation.
    7 KB (895 words) - 18:57, 16 February 2022
  • Hydrofractured seal leakage
    ...nt], and [[Pressure prediction: analysis of mud weights|mud weight]], well logs, or [[seismic data]] approximate the fluid pressure gradients. Because [htt ...ressure gradient is estimated from [[Basic_open_hole_tools#Density|density logs]] or [[porosity]] trend.
    5 KB (679 words) - 17:11, 1 February 2022
  • Interpreting gravity measurements
    # Use well logs and [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/outcrop outcrop] data to mak ...odel sections. Divide the section into intervals of approximately the same density.
    5 KB (725 words) - 18:00, 24 January 2022
  • Borehole gravity
    ...n 6330 and 6370 ft is caused by porosity not detected by the gamma-gamma [[density log]]. The broader difference anomaly observed over the length of the logge ...e [[gravity]] meter (BHGM) can be described simply as a deep-investigating density logging tool. Applications range beyond this simple description to include
    10 KB (1,517 words) - 15:54, 20 January 2022
  • Preprocessing of logging data
    ...es or digitized logs to the log processing environment: If paper copies of logs were digitized, all digital log data should be plotted and compared with th ;3. Collect all information related to the logs: Locate the headers for all logs, and identify the logging tool model used on each well and logging run. Col
    13 KB (2,094 words) - 17:42, 18 January 2022
  • Archie equation
    ...ensity– neutron crossplot (See [[Determining porosity from density-neutron logs]].) * [[Calculating Rw from SP logs]]
    5 KB (703 words) - 13:52, 5 April 2022
  • Synthetic seismogram
    ...tes a trace from a seismic line that passes close to the well in which the logs were acquired. The synthetic then correlates with both the seismic data and ...ves are digitized at a sample interval of 0.5 to [[length::1 ft]]. (If the density curve is not available, the sonic alone may be used.)
    8 KB (1,199 words) - 13:57, 24 January 2022
  • Core-to-log transformations and porosity-permeability relationships
    ...}Plot showing unshifted core porosity in spiked format, together with bulk density log. ...|{{figure number|2}}Plot showing shitted core porosity, together with bulk density log.
    14 KB (1,893 words) - 20:15, 2 February 2016
  • Production logging
    ...include production logs and mechanical integrity instruments. ''Production logs'' are used to evaluate fluid production and movement both inside and outsid ==Production logs==
    12 KB (1,726 words) - 16:48, 20 January 2022
  • Quick-look lithology from logs
    | chapter = Quick-look lithology from logs ...quick-look interpretation can be made by visual inspection of appropriate logs.
    25 KB (3,637 words) - 19:39, 18 January 2022
  • Well log analysis for reservoir characterization
    ...re so many kinds of modern logs, see table 1 for the information about the logs and also their uses. | Density (RHOB) || Lithology interpretation, finding hydrocarbon bearing zone, poros
    25 KB (3,679 words) - 21:17, 13 March 2019
  • Measurement while drilling
    Hardcopy directional plots and well logs can be produced at specified scales and annotated with mechanical and geolo ...during drilling are commonly being used to supplement or replace wireline logs for formation evaluation and geological correlation in high risk or high co
    8 KB (1,083 words) - 21:18, 19 January 2022
  • Standard interpretation
    ...the process of determining volumes of hydrocarbons in place from wireline logs, or [[log interpretation]]. This process requires four basic steps: ...ty formations, the compensated neutron in very low porosity formations, or density versus neutron crossplots in known lithologies.
    25 KB (3,776 words) - 19:53, 18 January 2022
  • Sorrento field: water saturation
    ...ociation of Geologists Symposium, p. 91-100.</ref> This study of cores and logs from four field wells shows how multiple oil–water contacts and apparent ...sity|Density logs]] were the primary source of [[porosity]] values. Matrix density appears to be about 2.68 g/cc, based on core-measured grain densities (cons
    7 KB (1,044 words) - 16:57, 13 April 2022
  • Tool table
    | [[Basic open hole tools#Density|Density]] || 6 || 16 || √ || √ || √ || √ || √ || √ || 0–2.0 || × || * [[Quick-look lithology from logs]]
    5 KB (544 words) - 16:27, 18 January 2022
  • Natural hydraulic fracturing of top seals
    ...nsity logs to calculate overburden stress. For example, a 1-cm cube with a density of 2.4 g/cm<sup>3</sup> exerts an overburden stress of 2.4 g/cm<sup>2</sup> ...borehole breakouts], in A. Hurst, ed., Geological Applications of Wireline Logs: Geological Society of London Special Publication 48, p. 327–338.</ref>
    9 KB (1,274 words) - 15:44, 30 March 2022
  • Seismic facies analysis
    ...on with lithofacies interpreted from [[Quick-look lithology from logs|well logs]], [[Core description|cores]], and [[Mudlogging: drill cuttings analysis|cu * Velocity and density contrasts of individual interfaces
    6 KB (809 words) - 17:46, 4 February 2022
  • Pressure detection
    ...of pressure above normal follows the aquathermal gradient (constant water density) and then follows the fracture gradient.<ref name=pt03r8>Barker, C., and B. ...of abnormally high [[porosity]]) than normal shales at a given depth. The density of shale cuttings can be measured by several methods. Also, the shape of dr
    16 KB (2,450 words) - 21:42, 20 January 2022
  • Seismic data preparation for mapping
    # Compute a synthetic seismogram for each online well with a sonic or [[density log]]. ...|vertical seismic profile (VSP)]], synthetic seismogram, or time-stretched logs.
    7 KB (1,064 words) - 19:11, 27 January 2022
  • Log analysis: lithology
    ...he difficulty of determining both [[porosity]] and lithology from wireline logs. This article reviews some common techniques that can be used to solve for Identifying the occurrence of difficult lithologies from logs can be formidable. Two crossplot techniques are commonly used to identify t
    25 KB (3,189 words) - 17:24, 18 January 2022
  • Open hole tools
    * '''Fluid properties''', which include density, gas to oil ratio, [[API gravity]], water resistivity and salinity, tempera | rowspan = 4 | [[Porosity]] and Lithology || Density
    23 KB (3,350 words) - 17:26, 18 January 2022
  • Drilling fluid
    ...on and the subsurface environment. The most critical of the properties are density, [[viscosity]], fluid loss control, and chemical composition. ===Density===
    13 KB (1,866 words) - 21:17, 19 January 2022
  • Full waveform acoustic logging
    ...P (compressional) wave traveltime through the rock. Full waveform acoustic logs, however, provide a large amount of other information. This includes S (she ...Elastic wave propagation in a fluid-filled borehole and synthetic acoustic logs: Geophysics, v. 46, p. 1042–1053, DOI: 10.1190/1.1441242.</ref> In order
    10 KB (1,530 words) - 20:47, 19 January 2022
  • Reservoir quality
    ...seismic estimates of impedance and the rock properties determined from the logs or in the laboratory. (For information on comparing seismic data to rock pr ...loration Series 3, 216 p.</ref> (For more on the information that wireline logs can provide, see [[Standard interpretation]].)
    18 KB (2,514 words) - 17:47, 21 January 2022
  • Data: sources
    ...more detailed and accurate representation will be available once wireline logs have been run and interpreted. ..., vertical permeability, porosity, water saturation, oil saturation, grain density, and sometimes a brief description of the core plug lithology (Table 1). A
    43 KB (6,686 words) - 13:44, 18 March 2019
  • Drilling a well
    ...analysis of the various types of log response. For instance, some wireline logs will allow the porosity of the reservoir interval to be determined. Porosit ...he surface, the well is isolated by cement plugs. However, if the wireline logs indicate that the well is likely to produce an economically significant vol
    15 KB (2,385 words) - 15:05, 1 August 2016
  • Tight gas reservoirs: evaluation
    ...voir facies in the subsurface Is compiled from observations of cores, well logs, and cross sections. (From Moslow and Tillman.<ref name=pt06r93 />) ...ity gas reservoirs, crossover of the compensated neutron-formation density logs is the most reliable well log for indicating gas-saturated and porous inter
    11 KB (1,444 words) - 21:26, 4 January 2024
  • Flow units for reservoir characterization
    {{quotation|3. ''A flow unit zonation is recognizable on wireline logs''.}} ...ity in the subsurface requires that flow units be recognizable on wireline logs. Flow units recognizable only in core are useful only if all wells have bee
    16 KB (2,282 words) - 20:46, 19 January 2022
  • Amplitude versus offset (AVO) analysis
    ...ility modeling requires the following: (1) a depth-[[velocity]] model, (2) density and velocity trend curves, (3) [[porosity]] ranges, (4) fluid content varia ...sis_fig5.png|{{figure number|5}}Gas well AVO model, involving blocked well logs and calibrated (wavelet-processed) seismic data.
    12 KB (1,723 words) - 18:41, 20 January 2022
  • Fluid contacts
    ...estimation from [http://wiki.seg.org/wiki/Dictionary:Wireline_log wireline logs], estimation from conventional and sidewall cores, and pressure methods. On ...| [[Calculating Sw from the Archie equation|Saturation determination: well logs]] || Estimates fluid contacts from changes in fluid saturations or mobility
    19 KB (2,690 words) - 21:20, 19 January 2022
  • Seismic data - creating an integrated structure map
    ...ime picks exist. The wells used as control do not need velocity or density logs but must penetrate the event of interest. The event depth ''z'' (measured f
    7 KB (1,117 words) - 17:51, 25 January 2022
  • Lithofacies and environmental analysis of clastic depositional systems
    | Shift to wireline logs | Lithology, [[Quick-look lithology from logs#Log shapes|curve shape]] analysis
    38 KB (5,198 words) - 22:11, 15 January 2024
  • Structural play geology
    ...face data into a cohesive whole. Data include [[Basic open hole tools|well logs]], [[Seismic data - creating an integrated structure map|2-D and 3-D seismi | Density contrast Differential loading
    18 KB (2,422 words) - 14:21, 2 February 2022
  • Reservoir modeling for simulation purposes
    ...ing the facies of the reservoir rock through data gathering from cores and logs ...n tests || Pulse tests || Tracer tests || Production history || Production logs || Standard || Special || ROS || Cores || SWS cuttings
    17 KB (2,234 words) - 21:21, 19 January 2022
  • Fractured reservoir evaluation
    ...ansformations and porosity-permeability relationships|core-calibrated well logs]] give the one-dimensional depth and lithological variation in fracturing i ...h computer entry to facilitate output compatible with other strip and well logs.)
    26 KB (3,674 words) - 21:21, 19 January 2022
  • Recognizing stacked depositional sequences from well data
    ..., [[Basic open hole tools#Resistivity|resistivity]], density, and velocity logs calibrated by well-cutting descriptions and formation microscanner displays
    14 KB (1,901 words) - 15:16, 9 January 2024
  • Reservoir engineering
    ...ld boundaries is ensured through the well but based on well data; electric logs, well flow testing, and repeat formation tester (RFT). Boundary of water a ...y the rate of gas density in a pressure and temperature sub surface by gas density in equal temperature and pressure (usually in surface). </ref><ref name=Wic
    14 KB (2,122 words) - 17:33, 7 March 2016
  • Cross-well electromagnetic tomography monitoring of fluid distribution
    The receiver magnetic flux density is obtained by the following equation: | H<sub>z</sub> || Magnetic flux density in the z-direction || Tesla (T) || kg.s<sup>-2</sup>.A<sup>-1</sup>
    18 KB (2,715 words) - 18:29, 8 February 2024
  • Reservoir simulation study
    ...tional models. These models may exhibit such complexities as a fluid whose density is linearly proportional to depth or whose phase switches repeatedly betwee ...sses. First, the porosities calculated at 0.5- to 1-ft intervals from well logs must be averaged for each simulator layer. These layer porosities are then
    19 KB (2,711 words) - 17:48, 21 January 2022
  • Petroleum exploration
    ...of wireline logging: radioactive log, consists of Gamma Ray, Neutron, and Density; electric log, consists of SP and resistivity; acoustic log; image log; and ...tter information of the petroleum system. Along with seismic section, well logs will provide data to calculate volume of hydrocarbon stored and conclude wh
    15 KB (2,331 words) - 19:12, 17 April 2019
  • Porosity
    ...laboratory determined porosity values and porosities derived from downhole logs. Some of these discrepancies result from differences inherent in comparing ...ied total porosity (see Effective porosity below). Total porosity from a [[density log]] would equate with the disaggregated oven-dried total porosity from [[
    24 KB (3,450 words) - 19:09, 20 January 2022
  • Log analysis applications
    * Traceplots (commonly called logs) ...values to each other at the same depth, such as core [[porosity]] and bulk density. Each type of wireline tool measures a different rock property. By studying
    21 KB (3,142 words) - 16:20, 20 January 2022
  • Arecuna field
    ...e seismic data ([[:File:Methods14ch08f04.jpg|Figure 4]]). Both on the well logs and on the seismic data set, these sequences were characterized by uniform ...apped throughout the data volume. Nine wells, all having sonic and density logs and some having check-shot surveys, were used to generate the synthetic tie
    16 KB (2,381 words) - 19:03, 11 March 2019

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