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  • AAPG Wiki:Bob
    * Likes to have a solid background before starting a new project * Runs a training course for young geologists
    539 bytes (73 words) - 13:14, 6 August 2013
  • Azimuth
    ...is defined as the orientation of a line at which a tilted body intersects a horizontal plane. It is usually but not always relative to north.
    329 bytes (49 words) - 13:47, 26 March 2015
  • Trip
    ...g it all back in again) is called a trip. The deeper the hole, the longer a trip takes.
    450 bytes (82 words) - 13:57, 12 March 2019
  • Scout ticket
    [[File:Scout Ticket.png|thumb|500px|Example of a scout ticket. Source: [http://petrowiki.org petrowiki.org] ]] ...almost none; this is called a ''tight hole''. Information that may be on a scout ticket includes location,details of drilling and casing, geologic top
    987 bytes (157 words) - 14:18, 4 January 2017
  • Hiatus
    A break or discontinuity in a process. An [[unconformity]] is the physical representation ofa temporal h
    217 bytes (28 words) - 20:48, 25 August 2014
  • Buckles plot
    ...t relates to capillary pressure, fluid distribution, and fluid recovery in a reservoir.]] A Buckles plot is a plot of water saturation (S<sub>w</sub>) vs. [[porosity]]. Contours of equa
    1 KB (183 words) - 18:19, 26 March 2015
  • Dry
    This is a confusing term. When a reservoir is said to be dry, it is really wet - but with formation water, a
    204 bytes (33 words) - 16:05, 20 August 2014
  • Stratigraphic column
    ...logical-fieldwork_fig19-2.png|500px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}An example of a stratigraphic column.]] A stratigraphic column and a surface [[geologic mapping|geology map]] can show the following:
    533 bytes (68 words) - 13:54, 18 March 2019
  • Sandbox
    All articles should start with a short, dictionary-like definition. This is a citation.<ref>This is a reference.</ref>
    571 bytes (74 words) - 18:30, 8 August 2013
  • Basement
    ...on for oil and gas, but in some places fractured basement has proven to be a commercial reservoir.
    264 bytes (40 words) - 15:52, 10 March 2016
  • Multilateral well
    ...a multilateral well. A well with two productive laterals is referred to as a dual [[lateral]] well. Mth14ch00f01.jpg|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.
    1 KB (187 words) - 15:44, 26 April 2016
  • Ductility
    ...data/specpubs/beaumont/ch10/ch10.htm Evaluating top and fault seal], in E. A. Beaumont and N. H. Foster, Exploring for Oil and Gas Traps: [http://store.
    990 bytes (151 words) - 14:30, 27 January 2016
  • Accumulation
    ...datapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch02/ch02.htm What is a trap?], in E. A. Beaumont & N. H. Foster, eds., [http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 E .../ch09/ch09.htm Predicting reservoir system quality and performance], in E. A. Beaumont & N. H. Foster, eds., [http://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 E
    1 KB (206 words) - 17:37, 27 January 2015
  • Lateral
    ...e in a targeted, potentially productive interval. In a single-branch case, a lateral runs from the end of the [[bend (curve)|curve]] ([[heel]]) to the [ [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|500px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
    1 KB (185 words) - 13:56, 17 March 2016
  • Free water level
    ...arbon alone on a [[production test]]. Below this level lies the aquifer of a [[Drive mechanisms and recovery#Water drive|water drive]] reservoir system.
    525 bytes (76 words) - 14:40, 8 September 2014
  • Meteoric diagenesis
    ....htm Eogenetic meteoric diagenesis] in P. A. Scholle and D. Ulmer-Scholle, A color guide to the petrography of carbonate rocks: Grains, textures, porosi
    648 bytes (87 words) - 15:34, 10 December 2015
  • Petroleum system identification
    | author = Leslie B. Magoon, Edward A. Beaumont Before a [[petroleum]] system can be investigated, it must be identified as being pr
    2 KB (298 words) - 18:35, 25 January 2022
  • Imperial Barrel Award
    Geoscience graduate students are encouraged to explore a career in the energy industry by participating in the Imperial Barrel Award * Receive a real-world, career-development experience with your performance judged by i
    650 bytes (91 words) - 22:51, 14 January 2014
  • Petroleum system naming
    | author = Leslie B. Magoon, Edward A. Beaumont ...geologists, we name rock units, fossils, uplifts, and basins. The name for a specific [[petroleum]] system separates it from other [[petroleum systems]]
    3 KB (367 words) - 18:35, 25 January 2022
  • The art and science of exploring for oil and gas
    ...ery and the deep satisfaction of being able to use science and art to find a valuable resource for the benefit of all mankind. Specifically, we identifi [[Category:Developing a philosophy of exploration]]
    765 bytes (105 words) - 13:37, 7 July 2014
  • Multilevel well
    ...multiple levels in a single [[lateral]] separated by higher-angle bends is a multilevel well. These wells typically are used to encounter multiple reser Mth14ch00f01.jpg|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.
    1 KB (183 words) - 15:42, 26 April 2016
  • Chert
    ...|thumb|500px|This image is a work of the "Minerals in Your World" project, a cooperative effort between the United States Geological Survey and the Mine
    608 bytes (91 words) - 19:02, 11 March 2015
  • Dry hole
    ...onomics]] and technologies change, yesterday's dry hole may be revived (or a twin to it may be drilled) to yield today's successful well.
    322 bytes (52 words) - 13:44, 18 March 2019
  • Creating a new article
    #REDIRECT [[Help:Creating a new article]]
    41 bytes (6 words) - 19:28, 16 April 2014
  • Surficial geochemical survey: design
    #REDIRECT [[Designing a surficial geochemical survey]]
    54 bytes (6 words) - 16:43, 19 December 2014
  • Designing a geochemical survey
    #REDIRECT [[Designing a surficial geochemical survey]]
    54 bytes (6 words) - 20:36, 15 April 2014
  • Introduction to contouring geological data with a computer
    #REDIRECT [[Contouring geological data with a computer]]
    56 bytes (7 words) - 15:31, 18 February 2015
  • Contour
    [[File:Plateau_contour.jpg|thumb|450px|Contour lines showing a plateau. From Wikimedia Commons.]] * [[Contouring geological data with a computer]]
    540 bytes (69 words) - 20:24, 27 March 2015
  • Anthropocene
    ...ne]] is a new geologic [[epoch]], "the age of humans." The implications of a new epoch are still being worked through by scientists.
    583 bytes (70 words) - 19:14, 14 March 2019
  • Interpreting Sw distribution in a reservoir
    #REDIRECT [[Water saturation distribution in a reservoir]]
    58 bytes (7 words) - 16:15, 27 October 2014
  • Selecting a survey method
    #REDIRECT [[Selecting a surficial geochemistry survey method]]
    62 bytes (7 words) - 13:10, 9 September 2014
  • Building a stratigraphic model
    #REDIRECT [[Seismic data: building a stratigraphic model]]
    58 bytes (7 words) - 16:45, 21 July 2014
  • Unconformity
    ...mentary beds are overlain by horizontal beds. This unconformity represents a long gap in the record of geological time, during which deposition had ceas * [http://geology.about.com/od/geoprocesses/a/unconformities.htm Unconformities, angular unconformities, disconformities,
    1 KB (158 words) - 14:47, 24 March 2015
  • AAPG Wiki:Scope and strategy
    ''These notes are based on a meeting between the wiki team and the executive team on 19 June 2013.'' <blockquote>Crowdsourcing is what we do as a scientific organization. — ''David Curtiss''</blockquote>
    2 KB (269 words) - 14:09, 17 July 2013
  • Dip
    ...that a strike be given), 4 SE (likewise), or 4 65SE (dipping 4 degrees in a 65SE direction; this by inference gives the strike, because it is perpendic
    991 bytes (153 words) - 23:00, 17 November 2014
  • Reservoir system
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...dless of the fluid it contains. Reservoir engineers apply the term to mean a rock that contains [[hydrocarbon]]s and associated fluids. This difference
    4 KB (579 words) - 14:34, 1 April 2022
  • Sidetrack
    ...idetracking operation may be done intentionally or may occur accidentally. A [[multilateral well|multilateral]] or [[multilevel well]] will have multipl [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
    1 KB (191 words) - 19:41, 3 March 2016
  • Sand peel
    [[File:SandPeel.JPG|thumbnail|300px|Portion of a wood mounted sand peel]] .... When the adhesive sets the backing material can be lifted away leaving a thin layer of the sand adhered to the backing material, with depositional f
    2 KB (239 words) - 19:40, 9 September 2014
  • Syncline
    ...f its structures as the syncline. The anticlinal and synclinal features of a fold usually go hand in hand, and the nature of their shape, position and o ...ig_1.png|thumb|300px|{{figure number|1}}A diagram showing the structure of a fold (Courtesy Wikipedia)]]
    3 KB (505 words) - 15:58, 21 March 2019
  • AAPG Wiki:Wiki manager
    ...tion, the editor community, marketing, events, and communications. This is a very broad role, and will be difficult to perform at first; over time it sh ...tent-oriented, and technical. They don't have to be a geoscientist or even a petroleum professional, but it would help.
    2 KB (294 words) - 16:44, 22 July 2013
  • Seal capacity and two-phase hydrocarbon columns
    ...]] of the oil column, however, is less than that of a pure gas column, and a greater total [[hydrocarbon column]] can be trapped. ...se gas accumulation, and a two-phase accumulation with both an oil leg and a gas cap. After Watts.<ref name=ch10r92 /> Copyright: Marine and Petroleum G
    3 KB (445 words) - 20:56, 31 March 2022
  • Scientific method
    | chapter = Developing a philosophy of exploration | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster, Richard R. Vincelette, Marlan W. Downey, James
    3 KB (380 words) - 14:31, 18 February 2022
  • Diapir
    ...://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2007/03mar/BLTN06034/BLTN06034.HTM A three-dimensional kinematic model for the deformation above an active diapi
    1 KB (142 words) - 15:58, 6 April 2015
  • Techsteq Solution: Virus analysis and elimination
    ...ms that are copied without observing security standards and transmitted to a wide range of networks, which ultimately degrades system performance and st '''How to remove a virus?'''
    1 KB (216 words) - 08:11, 14 December 2019
  • Buoyancy pressures and hydrocarbon presence
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler Two items are critical for detecting buoyancy pressure in a well:
    3 KB (387 words) - 18:56, 16 February 2022
  • Phi scale
    ...pressed in the phi scale to maintain a sorting index that is useful across a wide range of grain sizes.
    453 bytes (78 words) - 20:55, 27 August 2014
  • API gravity
    ...16&deg;C]-131.5&deg;). A higher API indicates lighter oil. Fresh water has a gravity of 10&deg; API. Heavy oils have less than 25&deg; API, medium oils
    951 bytes (140 words) - 14:03, 25 February 2016
  • How to use the trap classification scheme
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...provide the ultimate trapping mechanism. Classifying combination traps is a matter of deciding which are the primary, secondary, and, in some cases, te
    1 KB (191 words) - 18:46, 12 April 2022
  • Phases of a seismic project
    Generally speaking, there are three phases of a seismic project: ...[[seismic survey design]] and can recognize problems when they arise. Even a well-designed survey can be ruined by sloppy acquisition methods. Common cu
    3 KB (455 words) - 22:00, 25 January 2022
  • How capillary properties control seal
    ...of the seal, the seal leaks. For example, a shale top seal that could seal a 100-m column of oil might leak if the column increased to [[length::101 m]]
    2 KB (266 words) - 15:45, 31 March 2022
  • Underpressure causes
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...h it occurs. For this situation to exist, the fluid must be trapped within a rock unit.
    3 KB (390 words) - 16:23, 16 February 2022
  • Hydrocarbon generation
    ....tamu.edu/publications/tnotes/tn30/tn30_2.htm Ocean Drilling Program Texas A&M University article]
    258 bytes (35 words) - 16:37, 27 March 2015
  • Hydrocarbon pressure gradient: plotting
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...ormal hydrostatic pressure#Fluid_pressure|fluid pressure]] measured within a reservoir.
    3 KB (381 words) - 17:54, 17 February 2022
  • Horizontal well
    A horizontal well is a directional well, usually exceeding 80&deg; of departure from vertical, whi [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
    1 KB (182 words) - 19:31, 3 March 2016
  • Kickoff point
    ...point (KOP) is the location in a vertical wellbore or inclined section of a slant well where directional drilling operations commence in order to build [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|500px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
    1 KB (182 words) - 21:16, 15 March 2016
  • Viscosity
    Fluid viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow. The viscosity of liquid [[oil]] depends on its composition,
    677 bytes (96 words) - 21:13, 6 July 2015
  • Cracking
    ...ules break apart into smaller molecules during burial [[maturation]] or in a refinery. [[Kerogen]] in source rocks and oil in reservoirs are cracked to
    768 bytes (107 words) - 15:14, 23 August 2016
  • Cross-sealing fault
    A cross-sealing fault prevents communication of hydrocarbons between juxtapos file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-6.png|{{figure number|1}}A fault is cross sealing if it juxtaposes hydrocarbon-bearing sands with wate
    3 KB (399 words) - 21:31, 24 March 2022
  • Extended-reach wells
    ...onmental or economic contraints) that are attempting to access reserves at a significant distance from the surface access point. [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
    1 KB (186 words) - 19:42, 3 March 2016
  • Subsurface team
    ...le below. Teamwork is essential because the staggeringly complex nature of a subsurface operation means that the various disciplines have to integrate t |+ Table 1. Professional disciplines within a subsurface team.<ref name=Shepherd_2009>Shepherd, M., 2009, Oil Field Produ
    3 KB (424 words) - 14:54, 10 November 2014
  • Fault seal and migration pathways
    ...hydrocarbons but also the volume of hydrocarbons available to migrate into a trap. ...[[dip]] arrows drawn on maps of the top reservoir can be very misleading. A migration pathway map must use the detailed information available from rout
    2 KB (261 words) - 18:12, 29 March 2022
  • What is permeability?
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...permeability of a flow unit in a reservoir is not an absolute value but is a relative value that varies with water saturation (see [[Relative permeabili
    5 KB (694 words) - 20:41, 4 April 2022
  • 3-D seismic data: time and horizon slices
    | author = Geoffrey A. Dorn ...map view. This view is key to interpreting these systems because it allows a view of the morphology of the system, which facilitates its recognition.
    4 KB (617 words) - 19:30, 27 January 2022
  • Hydrocarbon column
    This term refers to a vertical measure of the reservoir or trap containing hydrocarbons.
    165 bytes (22 words) - 19:51, 14 April 2014
  • 3-D seismic data: proportional slices and volume visualization
    | author = Geoffrey A. Dorn ...rval is intermediate between the shapes of the interval bounding horizons. A set of slices between the two bounding horizons, which more closely mimics
    3 KB (457 words) - 19:32, 27 January 2022
  • Burial history chart
    ...ock unit (subsidence curve) versus the timing of the essential elements in a petroleum system, including the time interval and critical moment for petro An example of how to construct a burial history chart:
    2 KB (268 words) - 19:15, 25 June 2015
  • Strike
    ...h]], is the orientation of a body or surface, measured where it intersects a horizontal plane. It is perpendicular to true [[dip]]. Strike is usually w
    585 bytes (88 words) - 16:06, 11 September 2014
  • Reef
    ..., Appleton field, Alabama, USA. Figure from Mancini et al.<ref>Mancini, E. A., D. J. Benson, B. S. Hart, R. S. Balch, W. C. Parcell, and B. J. Panetta, ...US Virgin Islands. From Zitello et al.<ref>Zitello, A. G., L. J. Bauer, T. A. Battista, P. W. Mueller, M. S. Kendall and M. E. Monaco, 2009, Shallow-Wat
    2 KB (298 words) - 21:30, 21 November 2014
  • Structural interpretation techniques and tools
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...rationists for analyzing various aspects of a structural play. These cover a broad range, both in scale and type, from [[plate tectonic studies]] to mic
    1 KB (182 words) - 17:24, 2 February 2022
  • Pore throat size and connectivity
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ve the room at a given rate relative to a smaller tubular-shaped room with a few large doors.
    4 KB (650 words) - 14:23, 4 April 2022
  • Gravity anomaly models
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander ..._fig15-4.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Different gravity responses to a body with different positive density contrasts.]]
    4 KB (551 words) - 14:51, 31 January 2022
  • Water saturation distribution in a reservoir
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...[[Reservoir quality|pore geometry]]. Mapping S<sub>w</sub> distribution in a reservoir helps us predict trap boundaries.
    5 KB (687 words) - 17:09, 5 April 2022
  • Basin framework
    ...n basin]], which in turn is separate from the genetic use of basin to mean a sedimentary basin—the focus of this article. To define a basin, we follow the steps listed in the table below.
    4 KB (518 words) - 16:42, 18 February 2022
  • Seismic survey components
    ...in a [[trace]] called a '''[[prestack trace]]'''. Each prestack trace has a source and receiver coordinate, but the trace is plotted at the point halfw ...MP) stack|stacking]] process, all traces within a bin are summed to create a single stack trace, greatly improving signal quality.
    3 KB (426 words) - 19:05, 27 January 2022
  • AAPG Wiki:Editing the main page
    '''Welcome to AAPG Wiki — a new wiki for subsurface geoscience in the energy industry.''' The gallery section is a bit different because it uses a template call to build the content. The section looks like this:
    3 KB (553 words) - 13:43, 1 July 2014
  • Maturation
    | author = Carol A. Law ...properties|pore fluid chemistry]] can affect the thermal history and thus a rock's rate of maturation.
    3 KB (421 words) - 18:26, 9 February 2022
  • How fault zones affect seal
    ...many factors that could affect a seal, it has been surprising to find such a simple relationship, basin after basin. ...g|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Smear gouge along a normal fault found in a sequence of Permian-Carboniferous sand and shales near Lynemouth, U.K..]]
    4 KB (509 words) - 16:52, 29 March 2022
  • Deasphalting
    ...hane]] and other light hydrocarbons that escape from deep reservoirs enter a shallower oil reservoir.<ref name=Petersetal_2012>Peters, Kenneth E., David
    864 bytes (120 words) - 19:55, 25 June 2015
  • Barnett Shale (Mississippian), Fort Worth Basin, Texas
    '''By Kent A. Bowker, Bowker Petroleum, LLC''' ...nterests in the Barnett Shale to BKV Oil & Gas, a subsidiary of Banpu Pcl (a Thailand-based coal-mining and power-generating firm), for $770 million. T
    3 KB (414 words) - 22:15, 2 June 2021
  • Kinetics
    ...46</sub>-C<sub>55</sub>, C<sub>56</sub>-C<sub>80</sub>), compound type, or a combination thereof.<ref name=Petersetal_2012>Peters, Kenneth E., David J.
    1 KB (203 words) - 19:52, 25 June 2015
  • Overpressure causes
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...ssure. For this situation to occur, the fluid must first be trapped within a rock unit (pressure compartment).
    3 KB (394 words) - 16:23, 16 February 2022
  • Hydrogen Index (HI)
    | author = Carol A. Law ...Congress, Buenos Aires, p. 179–189. ''Discusses the relationships between a number of maturation indicators and petroleum generation and migration.''</
    3 KB (409 words) - 15:33, 10 February 2022
  • Source rock richness
    | author = Carol A. Law ...bon (TOC)]] present in a rock. The two most common techniques of analyzing a rock for TOC are [[Rock-Eval pyrolysis]] with TOC and the [[LECO method in
    1 KB (179 words) - 21:39, 4 February 2022
  • Subregional and local pressure compartments
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...adarko basin. From Al-Shaieb et al.;<ref>Al-Shaieb, Z., J. O. Puckette, A. A. Abdalla, and P. B. Ely, 1995b, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpub
    3 KB (440 words) - 17:58, 17 February 2022
  • Saturations required for hydrocarbon flow
    ...ous, interconnected pathway of hydrocarbon-filled pore space. Flow through a seal occurs with saturations of 4.5–17% of the rock pore volume, averagin ...ns of 25–91% may be required.<ref name=ch10r27>England, W., A., Mackenzie, A., S., Mann, D., M., Quickley, T., M., 1987, The movement and entrapment of
    2 KB (313 words) - 13:57, 1 April 2022
  • Seismic data and mapping structure
    | Classic || Mapping a surface of interest (from data) using [[Average velocity|average velocities | Modified Classic || Mapping a surface of interest using a densely drilled shallow horizon, avoiding the weathering layer at the earth
    2 KB (320 words) - 19:10, 27 January 2022
  • AAPG Wiki:Test extensions
    ...al:Version|in the Version page]], it should be working. Feel free to write a test for it here. There should be a map of Tulsa on the right.
    2 KB (358 words) - 14:35, 24 March 2014
  • Seismic attributes in geological interpretation
    | author = Geoffrey A. Dorn ...when approaching the use of [[Basics of seismic attributes|attributes]] in a [[3-D seismic data: the data cube|3-D seismic]] survey:
    4 KB (562 words) - 19:42, 27 January 2022
  • Reservoir system analysis
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ir performance affects the economic viability of a play or prospect and is a function of reservoir system quality. Performance is expressed by
    4 KB (547 words) - 18:09, 1 April 2022
  • Special field techniques
    ...particularly useful when making numerous road stops and can be input into a computer for plotting. ...elation. It allows a quantitative tie between surface and subsurface using a measurement common to both: the gamma-ray curve. This kind of tie can be mo
    3 KB (412 words) - 22:40, 1 February 2022
  • Seismic interpretation: surface slicing
    | author = Geoffrey A. Dorn ...e=ch13r12>Stark, T., J., 1996, Surface slice generation and interpretation—a review: The Leading Edge, vol. 15, p. 818–819, DOI: [http://library.seg.o
    4 KB (553 words) - 19:30, 27 January 2022
  • Basin-fill and trap analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks A whole basin or part of a basin can be analyzed for stratigraphic trap potential using the [[sequence
    1 KB (189 words) - 18:53, 4 February 2022
  • Lithofacies
    ...op.edu/faculty/daley/link_to_webpages/courses/geol211/facies.html Creating a lithofacies map]
    370 bytes (49 words) - 16:03, 12 May 2015
  • Seismic data: building a stratigraphic model
    ...ki/Dictionary:Reflection Seismic reflections] are generated where there is a contrast in impedance (which is the product of velocity and density). ...ismogram. Velocity information can come from a variety of sources. Here is a list, in order of preference:
    5 KB (805 words) - 19:06, 27 January 2022
  • Shale gouge ratio
    ...|Figure 1a]] illustrates how this would be calculated, at a given point on a [[fault]] surface, for explicit shale beds (Equation 1): The shale thicknesses are measured in a "window" with a height equal to the throw; therefore, this window represents the column of
    3 KB (473 words) - 20:04, 11 March 2015
  • Using analogs to identify critical elements
    | chapter = Developing a philosophy of exploration | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster, Richard R. Vincelette, Marlan W. Downey, James
    3 KB (498 words) - 16:03, 18 February 2022
  • Molecular parameter data for oil–oil and oil–source rock correlations
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...r on the relative or absolute abundance of specific molecules in an oil or a [[source rock]] extract.
    2 KB (294 words) - 21:02, 15 February 2022
  • Fracture
    ...specpubs/beaumont/ch02/ch02.htm Classification of exploration traps] in E. A. Beaumont and N. H. Foster, eds., Handbook of Petroleum Geology: Exploring
    951 bytes (136 words) - 20:39, 10 February 2015
  • Magnetotellurics case history: frontier basin analysis (Amazon Basin, Colombia)
    ...moco Production Company] in 1987 and 1988.<ref name=ch16r2>Burgett, W. A., A. Orange, and R. F. Sigal, 1992, Integration of MT, seismic, gravity, and ma ...d equipment was light and compact. Data were collected from 43 sites, with a typical spacing of 10–20 km (6–12 mi).
    4 KB (480 words) - 15:12, 31 January 2022
  • Backstripping
    ...allowing reconstruction of the [[burial history chart|burial history]] in a basin. The method requires decompaction of the remaining sequence of layers
    886 bytes (127 words) - 16:43, 25 June 2015
  • Migration pathway map construction
    A [[migration]] pathway map is a fundamental tool for prospect assessment and field development. In simple [ The following table lists the requirements for constructing a migration pathway map.
    3 KB (405 words) - 18:19, 29 March 2022
  • Toe
    The end point in a wellbore of the lateral section or sections is called the toe. [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
    1 KB (155 words) - 19:36, 3 March 2016
  • Irati Formation
    ...Milani, E. J., J. H. G. Melo, P. A. Souza, L. A. Fernandes, and A. B. França, 2007b, Bacia do Paraná: Boletim de Geociências da PETROBRAS, v. 15, no. ...in was in a "Sag tectonic style", with a very slow subsidence rate, within a marine ramp system of an inner basin of mixed origin (siliclastic and carbo
    3 KB (500 words) - 20:53, 4 April 2019
  • Production Index (PI)
    | author = Carol A. Law [[Maturation|Maturity]] of a homogeneous source section can be accessed from the production index (PI).
    3 KB (364 words) - 16:10, 10 February 2022
  • Rig personnel
    ...personnel_fig1.png|thumb|300px|{{figure number|1}}Organizational chart for a dynamically positioned drill ship.]] ...asic rig]] includes a toolpusher, a driller, a derrickman, a motorman, and a floorhand.
    3 KB (474 words) - 18:22, 21 January 2022
  • Determining water saturation
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...kett plot]].<ref name=ch09r45>Pickett, G. R., 1973, Pattern recognition as a means of formation evaluation: The Log Analyst, vol. 14, no. 4, p. 3–11.<
    2 KB (244 words) - 13:38, 5 April 2022
  • 3-D seismic data: the data cube
    ...nal (non-U.S.) seismic prospecting could be as high as 75% 3-D. We live in a 3-D world and now understand that 2-D [[seismic data]] can have many pitfal ...many advantages over a 2-D line or a grid of 2-D lines—even a dense one. (A 2-D grid is considered dense if the line spacing is less than about 1/4 mil
    5 KB (813 words) - 19:05, 27 January 2022
  • Buoyancy pressure
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...ds (oil and water) occur together, they create a buoyancy pressure that is a function of the density difference between the two fluids and the length of
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  • Oil correlation case histories
    ...nal of available tools to avoid misinterpretations arising from the use of a single parameter.
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  • Surficial geochemical case history 2: stratigraphic trap
    ...y]] development there and coincident with the surface geochemical anomaly. A second productive well was drilled at CDP 1096. ...um_fig18-6.png|Figure 1]] is a [[seismic section]] and soil gas profile of a [[stratigraphic trap]] located at approximately [[depth::5,600 ft]] (1.5 se
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  • Seal capacity: pitfalls and limitations of estimation
    ...g to be able to measure the [[Capillary pressure|capillary properties]] of a [[Seal capacity of different rock types|seal]] and then assess hydrocarbon ...[Top seal displacement pressure|displacement pressure]] of a top seal from a few, or many, measurements.
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  • Petroleum system size
    | author = Leslie B. Magoon, Edward A. Beaumont ...udes the total volume of all recoverable hydrocarbons that originated from a single pod of active [[source rock]]. This total volume is used to compare
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  • Structural maps and cross sections
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ==Basic tools of a structural play==
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  • Oil as an energy source
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...[[:file:St54Ch3Figure19.jpg|Figure 1]] depicts global oil production over a 50-year time span.
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  • Rock Eval analysis using hydrogen index (HI) and oxygen index (OI)
    | author = Carol A. Law ...fore, once we know the amount of [[total organic carbon (TOC)]] present in a rock, we then need to know the amount of hydrogen present in order to asses
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  • 3-D seismic data views
    ...or land surveys, there is no uniform definition of in-line and cross-line. A vertical section that is neither in-line nor cross-line is an arbitrary lin Horizontal or subhorizontal cuts through a seismic data cube are called horizontal slices. As illustrated in [[:file:i
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  • Procedure for basin-fill analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks Below is a suggested procedure for basin-fill analysis.
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  • LECO method in estimating richness
    | author = Carol A. Law ...d of estimating [[total organic carbon (TOC)]] uses an instrument known as a LECO carbon analyzer to measure TOC values by combusting the organic carbon
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  • Source rock
    | author = Carol A. Law A '''source rock''' is a rock that is capable of generating or that has generated movable quantities
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  • Seismic sequence analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...a188/0001/0000/0001.htm Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure], in A. W. Bally, ed., Atlas of seismic stratigraphy: [http://store.aapg.org/detai
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  • Pore system fundamentals
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...res and pore throats that shares a similar morphology. These elements play a role in determining [[reservoir]] and [[seal]] petrophysics (the characteri
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  • Hydrostatic pressure gradient
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...s. Pressures exceeding hydrostatic pressures may be due to the presence of a [[hydrocarbon column]]. Most methods for determining hydrostatic pressures
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  • Decompaction
    ...of rock units be corrected to their original thickness before burial using a specific porosity-depth function for each [[lithologic]] unit. This involve
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  • Fold trap regime
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...epositional processes that [[Deformation|deform]] geological surfaces into a curved or nonplanar arrangement.<ref name=Biddle_Weilchowsky1994>Biddle, K.
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  • Fault control on hydrocarbon distribution
    ...r|1}}Example of faults controlling the distribution of hydrocarbons within a Gulf Coast field.]] ...apped reservoir level, the field is divided into three major compartments (A, B, D) by faults. Compartment D is almost always empty, while the other com
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  • Structural exploration workflow
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...l-cycle exploration play, where we have a play concept and are looking for a drill location to test it.
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  • Relationships between maturity and hydrocarbon generation
    | author = Carol A. Law ...dicate the top of the oil window. However, this generality applies only if a [[source rock]] is composed of pure type II organic matter (marine kerogen)
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  • Shale smear factor
    ...shale smear continuity. Based on their observations of abrasion smears in a lithified sequence, they define the shale smear factor (SSF) as (see [[:Fil ...s because thin shales give higher SSF and dominate the sum. In such cases, a simple application of SSF values would take the minimum value (most sealing
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  • True resistivity determination
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...fundamental when analyzing well logs for the presence of hydrocarbons. For a discussion of resistivity concepts see Asquith, 1982.
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  • Synthetic seismograms: correlation to other data
    The goal of using a synthetic seismogram is to match [[stratigraphy]] as seen in well logs or o ...er comparison is made. This continues until a match is achieved. It can be a tedious and time-consuming job, particularly for large projects involving m
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  • Pressure prediction: reconstructing burial history
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...ither burial or faulting of at least an order of magnitude of measurement. A pressure-depth plot, using the estimate of vertical displacement and [[Norm
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  • Pressure prediction: analysis of mud weights
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...d. To control a well, operators generally use a mud weight that will exert a pressure close to the expected pore pressure. When drilling mud kicks or [[
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  • Seismic scale importance
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...sequences from the [[Delaware basin|Delaware]] and [[Paradox basin]]s, U.S.A. Copyright: Sarg;<ref name=Sarg1988>Sarg, J. F., 1988, Carbonate sequence s
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  • Utica Shale, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Kentucky
    ...tion is coming from the lower organic rich section Point Pleasant interval a lateral equivalent of the upper portion of the Trenton Limestone. The Point ...western Pennsylvania is proving the play is living up to it’s potential as a Giant underneath the Marcellus above.
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  • Mapping paleogeography
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks The table below outlines a procedure for making paleogeographic maps.
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  • Midale water saturation and pore geometry
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...[[Basic_open_hole_tools#Resistivity|resistivities]] for packstones (group A) and lower resistivities for mudstones (group B), reflecting the higher wat
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  • Percent fill: controlling factors
    ...ocarbons compared with its total volume. Percent fill can be controlled by a number of factors, including the following: ...t]] limits the percent fill to the juxtaposed lithology leak point (JLLP). A [[dip]]-leaking fault limits the percent fill to the fault plane leak point
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  • Petroleum system
    | author = Leslie B. Magoon, Edward A. Beaumont The [[petroleum]] system is a unifying concept that encompasses all of the disparate elements and process
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  • Basin-centered gas systems
    ...ver, the magnitude and function of some of the components interact to form a unique type of hydrocarbon accumulation. ...prone and liquid-prone source rocks have contributed to the development of a BCGA.
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  • Isochron
    ...x|{{figure number|1}}(a) Block diagram showing the time that Is mapped for a time slice map. (b) Interval that is mapped on time interval map. (c) Time
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  • Magnetotellurics survey measurements
    Two basic alternating current (AC) measurements are taken in an MT survey: a horizontal magnetic field (H-field) measurement and an electrical field (E- ...ed with a horizontally oriented magnetic coil. The tipper is measured with a vertically oriented coil.
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  • EMD Tight Oil & Gas Committee Annual Reports
    '''What the Reports are and a general process for the creation?''' The tight oil and gas (TOG) technical committee created a written report (PDF) annually, focusing on new developments, play concepts,
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  • Water saturation
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont Water saturation (S<sub>w</sub>) of a reservoir is a function of height above [[Free water level|free water]] (h) and pore type.
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  • Geometrical analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...n is a geometrical analysis of stratigraphic components of the basin fill. A geometrical analysis consists of (1) dividing the stratigraphic section int
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  • Porphyrins and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...ar porphyrin distributions for the oil and the source rock extract suggest a plausible positive correlation, which in this case was supported by other g
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  • Bend
    A bend (or curve) is the length of the [[horizontal well]] from the [[kickoff [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
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  • Classification basis
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster All classification schemes have a basis from which they are organized. Some are more organized and systematic
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  • Structural domains
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra A structural domain is an areally distinct region or subregion with similar s
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  • Normal hydrostatic pressure
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler
    3 KB (480 words) - 13:47, 16 February 2022
  • Sequence stratigraphy: hierarchy of sequences
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...l sequence deposition for petroleum exploration. A third-order sequence is a composite of fourth- and fifth-order sequences.
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  • AAPG Wiki:Privacy policy
    ...e shared with moderators associated with the edited page, in case there is a need for clarification on the suggested edits. When making an edit or creating a new page on '''{{SITENAME}}''', contributors agree to these uses of contact
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  • Log interpretation: initial quick scan
    ...ing: the mudlog|mud-log analysis]], nearby production, etc., before making a decision to set pipe. ...onreservoir can be helpful, even with access to computer-aided processing. A good scanning technique not only identifies the reservoirs, but can also gi
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  • Structural lead and prospect delineation
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...the [[petroleum system]] relative to a structural lead. Many companies use a mixture of these issues to assess exploration risk, employing various numer
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  • Build rate
    ...s the rate, measured in degrees per unit length, at which the well path of a [[horizontal well]] moves through the bend (curve) from vertical or high-an [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
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  • Quantitative biostratigraphy
    ...s, compositing data from many different stratigraphic sections to serve as a reference standard that will overcome inconsistencies that may be encounter ...ranking fossil occurrences according to the geological time represented in a set of reference sections. This approach has broad applications to solving
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  • Fault seal breakdown during production
    ...fault will [[Cross-leaking faults|cross-leak]].<ref name=ch10r76>Smith, D. A., 1966, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1965-67/data/pg/0050/0 ...iently rapid, or the fault has sufficiently low [[permeability]], to cause a large pressure differential across the fault. The change from sealing to le
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  • Province, basin, system, play, and prospect
    | author = Leslie B. Magoon, Edward A. Beaumont ...[[fold]] belt could be a structural province or a petroleum province, not a basin.
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  • AAPG Wiki:About
    '''AAPG Wiki''' is part of a community of subsurface wikis including [http://wiki.seg.org SEG Wiki] and ...ounding in 1917, the American Association of Petroleum Geologists has been a pillar of the world-wide scientific community. The original purpose of AAPG
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  • Heel
    ...of the [[bend (curve)]] and the beginning of the [[lateral]] section(s) of a [[horizontal well]]. [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
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  • Structural exploration: location selection
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...(e.g., clearly defined [[Seismic data|seismic reflectors]] to help define a crestal position). Other structural play concepts may require off-crestal p
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  • Magnetotellurics
    ...ives poor results. This is the same physical parameter that is measured in a borehole [[Basic_open_hole_tools#Resistivity|resistivity log]]. ...6-1.png|thumbnail|300px|{{figure number|1}}Simplified relationship between a lithologic log, an electric log, an MT sounding, and an inversion run using
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  • Growth fault
    A fault along which movement occurs as sediments are deposited on and above t ...the downthrown side. This indicates that faulting occurred repeatedly over a long period of time, while the sediments were being deposited. Such faults
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  • Seismic data: identifying reflectors
    ...pare the object to [[seismic trace]]s in the vicinity of the well and find a fit. ...ant to realize that a sonic log never goes to the surface; there is always a gap for the [[surface casing]]. We do not expect time zero on the converted
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  • Magnetotellurics case history: Precambrian overthrust (Northwestern Colorado)
    ...dia:Electrical resistivity and conductivity|conductive]] sediments beneath a [[Wikipedia:Electrical resistivity and conductivity|resistive]] thrust plat ...prings area of northwestern Colorado is an example.<ref name=ch16r5>Mills, A., 1994, Zephyr Geophysical Services, personal communication.</ref>
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  • Pore systems
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...perience and laboratory analysis show that these pore type categories have a particular behavior when interacting with fluids that can be used to predic
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  • Abnormal hydrostatic pressure
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler Abnormal hydrostatic pressure is a departure from normal fluid pressure that is caused by geologic factors. Th
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  • Surficial geochemical case history 3: Predrill–postdrill comparison
    ...the full spectrum of [[trap]] styles; survey areas ranged from as small as a few hundred acres to regional programs covering 1,000 mi<sup>2</sup> (2,590 ...urveys led to the drilling of 141 wells in previously undrilled prospects. A total of 43 wells were drilled in negative geochemical anomalies, and 41 of
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  • Regression
    ...8120-01.htm?v=chapter&i=08120.01&s=08000&n=00120&o=|11000| Animation. with a sample seismic line]
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  • Interval transit time
    This is the inverse of velocity and is what is displayed on a sonic log, usually in units of μs/ft or μs/m. It is also seen as ''delta
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  • Reservoir drive mechanisms
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...drive mechanism supplies the energy that moves the hydrocarbon located in a reservoir container toward the wellbore as fluid is removed near the wellbo
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  • Surficial geochemistry: limitations and uncertainties
    While the potential benefits of a successful surface geochemical exploration program are very real and can si ...s generally no simple one-to-one correlation between a surface anomaly and a subsurface [[accumulation]]. Some anomalies approximate the productive limi
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  • Limestone
    [[File:1024px-Limestone Formation In Waitomo.jpg|400px|thumb|A limestone formation in the Waitomo District of New Zealand. Photo by [https
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  • Fault seal behavior
    ...6/0148-9062(80)90004-2</ref><ref name=ch10r71>Skerlec, G. M., 1990, SEALS: A short course for risking top seal and fault seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, S ...hydrocarbons. The ability to identify these fault-dependent leak points is a fundamental tool for prospect assessment.
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  • AAPG Wiki:Personas
    ...w will I use the wiki? For example, to search for technical information on a just in time, just enough basis; to contribute to technical information? * A user survey could inform and validate the personas
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  • Douglas K. Strickland
    ...elt in 2004, and subsequently Utah’s Providence Field. The fields comprise a 100-million-barrel province in an area the U.S. Geological Survey had deeme ...fter earning a doctorate at the University of Kansas, previously receiving a bachelor’s degree from the University of Southern Colorado and master’s
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  • Free water level determination using pressure
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...ining free-water level (FWL) by projecting RFT pressure data downward from a reservoir to the aquifer.]]
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  • Pore and pore throat sizes
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...lar to fluid flow and fitting within its narrowest point. Absolute size of a pore is the radius of the largest sphere that will fit inside it. The cross
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  • Minibasins and petroleum systems
    ...ion]]-[[migration]]-[[Trap|entrapment]] history. This information provides a template for further exploration for subtle traps along the [[migration]] a ...ortant aspect of foreland basins.<ref name=ch04r60>MacQueen, R. W., and D. A. Leckie, eds., 1992, Foreland Basins and Fold Belts: [http://store.aapg.org
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  • Hydrodynamic influence on trapping
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler Under hydrodynamic conditions, the potential for a hydrocarbon column (Φ<sub>h</sub>) is related to the potential of the wate
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  • Kerogen type and quality: visual assessment
    | author = Carol A. Law ...ification. We can then examine the kerogen using transmitted light through a microscope to determine its form (structured or amorphous) and origin. Stru
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  • Rock-Eval pyrolysis
    | author = Carol A. Law ...rolysis to measure richness and maturity of potential [[source rock]]s. In a pyrolysis analysis, the organic content is pyrolyzed in the absence of oxyg
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  • Geosteering
    ...llbore in the designated target is called Geosteering. Geosteering can use a large variety of tools and techniques, including logging while drilling (LW [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
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  • Seal and hydrocarbon yield estimates
    ...er than the volume now trapped. The additional hydrocarbons spilled across a fault-dependent leak point and migrated updip. If these fault-dependent lea
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  • Combination trap
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...imary trapping agent. [[Structural trap system|Structural traps]] may have a [[Stratigraphic trap|stratigraphic]] component or vice versa. Sometimes the
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  • Trap
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster The earliest concept of a trap was made by William Logan in 1844 when he noted the occurrence of oil
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  • Sabkha
    A salt flat.
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  • AAPG Wiki:Users
    ...bs, and do strange things. Here are some examples of roles we might apply, a sort of minimal set: | '''Administrator''' || 10 || Single sign-on || Yes || All || A handful of designated people who wield all power
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  • Laurentia
    '''Laurentia''' ('''North American Craton''') is a large continental [[craton]], which forms the ancient geological core of th ...amorphic rock|metamorphic]] and [[igneous rock]] that is mostly covered by a relatively thin cover of younger sedimentary rock. Geologists call these lo
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  • Sedimentary basin analysis
    * Local basins—local structural and stratigraphic compartments within a depocenter ...n. Reconstructing a basin's history, from regional [[tectonic setting]] to a single local basin, provides the geologic framework for defining exploratio
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  • Seal thickness
    ...s with thick shale seals that are [[dry]]. This difficulty in establishing a relationship between seal thickness and column is especially true since man ...chem1/data/a028/a028/0001/0000/0015.htm Worldwide geological experience as a systematic basis for prospect appraisal], in Demaison, G., Murris, R., J.,
    3 KB (464 words) - 20:56, 31 March 2022
  • Postaccumulation cementation
    | author = Alton A. Brown Although the presence of a petroleum phase may retard [[diagenesis]] in an [[accumulation]], sooner or
    3 KB (430 words) - 15:35, 1 February 2022
  • Total organic carbon (TOC)
    | author = Carol A. Law The amount of organic carbon present in a rock is a determining factor in a rock's ability to generate hydrocarbons.
    3 KB (428 words) - 16:33, 13 April 2022
  • Total measured length
    Total measured length (TML) is the total length of a [[horizontal well]] from the surface datum to the toe. In general, it is re [[file:Mth14ch00f01.jpg|thumb|center|300px|Simple vertical profile of a horizontal well, illustrating basic terms.]]
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  • Strain analysis of top seals
    ...(mechanics)|stress]], the advantage of strain analysis is that it provides a practical tool prior to drilling for evaluating prospects using [[seismic ...be lost from a typical North Sea field, assuming a fractured top seal with a relatively low fracture [[permeability]] of only 0.05 md, is more than 100
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  • Regional pressure compartments
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...relate with the top and bottom seals of a regional pressure compartment in a foreland basin.]]
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  • Pc curves and saturation profiles
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ssure]] (P<sub>c</sub>) curves for the flow units it contains. The data in a P<sub>c</sub> curve can be converted to give the following:
    5 KB (752 words) - 16:53, 4 April 2022
  • Predicting hydrocarbon recovery
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...sub>. Estimating hydrocarbon volume in place before [[drilling a well]] is a matter of predicting pore volume and S<sub>w</sub>. Recovery of hydrocarbon
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  • Parasequences (fourth- and fifth-order sequences)
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...ocenter#Sediment_supply_rate_and_facies_patterns|progradational]] and have a shoaling-upward association of facies.<ref name=ch21r47>Van Wagoner, J. C.,
    5 KB (619 words) - 22:26, 3 February 2022
  • Transgression
    ...8120-01.htm?v=chapter&i=08120.01&s=08000&n=00120&o=|11000| Animation. with a sample seismic line]
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  • Normal hydrostatic pressure gradients
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...formation water gradient of 0.45 psi/ft is common. In the U.S. Gulf Coast, a gradient of 0.465 psi/ft is common.
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  • Predicting carbonate porosity and permeability
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...]] increases the chances of predicting the quality of reservoir needed for a successful play. Sequence stratigraphic models are especially useful for mo
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  • Capillary pressure (Pc) curves: pore throat size determination
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...e controlled by pore throats of a given size (usually given in microns) to a given [[capillary pressure]].
    6 KB (898 words) - 16:21, 4 April 2022
  • How faults control trap fill and migration pathways
    A sealing fault can trap hydrocarbons but also will act as a barrier for hydrocarbon [[migration]] into [[trap]]s beyond that fault. In ...migrate. It can also act as a barrier along part of the fault plane and as a conduit along other parts of the fault plane.
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  • Introduction to reservoir engineering methods
    * [[Conducting a reservoir simulation study: an overview]]
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  • Holocene
    ...jpg|thumb|300px|Holocene volcano near Veyo, Utah. Photograph taken by Mark A. Wilson (Department of Geology, The College of Wooster), July 2008.]]
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  • Vitrinite reflectance
    | author = Carol A. Law ...rock. It is referred to as %R<sub>o</sub>. Results are often presented as a mean R<sub>o</sub> value based on all vitrinite particles measured in an in
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  • Economics
    ...g the exorbitant issues affecting demand and supply of the oil resource at a global scale. ...il price trends have shown a general decline and this can be attributed to a supply strain as shown in the figure below.
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  • Magnetic field: local variations
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, S. Parker Gay ==Elevation change due to a fault==
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  • Diagenetic trap regime
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...omitization]]. || colspan = 2 | Secondary [[dolomite]] reservoirs; Form as a result of localized secondary dolomitization.
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  • Scientific method: application to exploration
    | chapter = Developing a philosophy of exploration | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster, Richard R. Vincelette, Marlan W. Downey, James
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  • Reservoir simulations and field unitization
    ...ay be required for producing residual oil accumulations missed by assuming a laterally continuous reservoir. ...ressure gradient: plotting|leaking faults]].<ref name=ch10r43>Knutson, C., A., Erga, R., 1991, Effect of horizontal and vertical permeability restrictio
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  • Carbonate facies
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ..., Hastings, B., S., Kendall, C., G. St. C., Posamentier, H., W., Ross, C., A., Van Wagoner, J., C., eds., Sea Level Changes: An Integrated Approach: SEP
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  • Seismic data: analyzing individual reflectors
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks
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  • Seed bag
    A [http://books.google.com/books?id=5mjaZXcPEzkC&pg=PA124&lpg=PA124&dq=seed+b
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  • Stratigraphic trap system
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...s for stratigraphic trap systems are stratigraphic in nature and formed as a result of depositional, erosional, or diagenetic processes. These processes
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  • Charge volume
    The volume of hydrocarbons expected to be delivered to a trap is an important risk parameter. This section covers methodology and in Certain factors constrain the amount of hydrocarbon delivered to a trap. These factors can be divided into two groups, as shown below.
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  • Energy: historical sources
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...:AAPGSt54Figure1.JPG|Figure 1]] depicts the changes of energy sources over a 150-year period.
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  • Combining well log with seismic sequence analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...a188/0001/0000/0001.htm Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure], in A. W. Bally, ed., Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy: [http://store.aapg.org/detai
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  • Black Warrior basin
    ...rrior basin.<ref name=Bolandetal_1971>Boland, L. F., E. D. Minihan, and W. A. Thomas, 1971, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1971-73/data/pg The Black Warrior Basin is a triangular tectonic basin bounded on the north by the Ozark uplift–Pascol
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  • Diffusive seal leakage
    | author = Alton A. Brown ...illion years (e.g., Montel et al.<ref name=ch11r26>Montel, F., G. Caillet, A. Pucheu, and J. Caltagirone, 1993, Diffusion model for predicting reservoir
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  • Fault plane profile construction
    ...t plane profiles are a fundamental tool for prospect assessment as well as a first step in understanding [[seal]] behavior in existing fields. Fault pla * It is a cross section in the plane of the fault rather than normal to the fault.
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  • Geological fieldwork benefits
    ...more sophisticated exploration techniques, the cost of a field program is a bargain. Acquiring, processing, and interpreting [[seismic data]], for exam Geological fieldwork can provide a competitive advantage. Fieldwork results can advance specific business reco
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  • Fault seal analysis example: Gulf Coast
    ...quantitative fault seal analysis. This discussion contains an example from a field in the Gulf Coast and demonstrates the application of routine fault s ...fig10-26.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}FPP of a portion of a fault in a Gulf Coast field.]]
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  • Tmax
    | author = Carol A. Law ...C. [[:file:evaluating-source-rocks_fig6-6.png|Figure 1]] shows output from a pyrolysis analysis and when T<sub>max</sub> is recorded.
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  • Migration pathway
    ...r small size) and in discrete time intervals. It leaves either no trace or a trace that is continually modified or destroyed by later events. Effective ...f petroleum from a mature [[source rock]] to a trap can be estimated using a few simple [[assumptions]]:
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  • Ammonite
    [[File:Haeckel Ammonitida.jpg|thumb|300px|A variety of ammonite forms, from Ernst Haeckel's 1904 Kunstformen der Natur
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  • Limitations of quantitative fault seal analysis
    Quantitative fault seal analysis is a proven tool in numerous basins. There are, however, limitations. ...is thus much greater in a production setting or mature basin than it is in a frontier setting.
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  • Molecular fossils
    ...s, sediments, fossils, or oils that can be reliably associated with one or a few biotic antecedents. The term “molecular fossil” is limited here to ...ar fossils can be correlated with source organisms that were restricted to a limited range of environments. Recognizing these molecules in sediments or
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  • Geology
    ...opportunity to examine Eagle Ford Shale outcrops at various scales across a sizable area. Photo by Art Donovan. Courtesy of the AAPG Explorer. See more ...chives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1944-48/data/pg/0028/0007/0850/0897.htm A challenge to geology]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 28, no. 7, p. 897-901.</ref></bloc
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  • Top seal ductility estimation
    The [[Seal ductility|ductility of a top seal]] can be estimated (1) by using laboratory data and log-derived de The [[ductility]] of a shale top seal is a function of compaction state. Uncompacted, low-density shales are extremely
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  • Tertiary migration
    [[Hydrocarbon migration|Migration]] to the surface, either from a [[reservoir]] or [[source rock]]. Also called dismigration.
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  • Seal capacity
    ...of seal capacities have been reported for various rock types. In addition, a number of other factors—depth, hydrocarbon phase, seal thickness, fault-d
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  • Natural hydraulic fracturing example, North Sea
    ...hydraulic fracturing]]. This trap is a low-relief [[salt structure]] with a [[dry hole]] and has less-than-sufficient [[strain]] to [[fracture]] the to * A fossil [[oil—water contact]] exists at the [[Syncline|synclinal]] [[spill
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  • Formation fluid pressure from drill stem tests
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...blems, and assessing the reliability of a DST is often more of an art than a science.
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  • Tectonics
    [[File:Tectonic_plate_boundaries.png|thumb|400px|A cross section illustrating the main types of tectonic plate boundaries.]]
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  • Gravity in petroleum exploration
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander ...rock [[density]]. Surface gravity surveys and subsurface surveys made with a [[borehole gravity]] meter are effective in locating [[fault]]s and geologi
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  • Pressure compartment seals
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler A seal can be either a pressure seal, a capillary seal, or both. They are defined as follows:
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  • Relative permeability
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...Relative permeability can be expressed as a number between 0 and 1.0 or as a percent. Pore type and formation [[wettability]] affect relative permeabili
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  • Synthetic seismogram
    ...te a synthetic seismic trace. This trace closely approximates a trace from a seismic line that passes close to the well in which the logs were acquired. ==Calculating a synthetic seismogram==
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  • Primary migration and compositional changes
    ...analysis|composition of hydrocarbons]] expelled from a [[source rock]] is a primary control on the composition of reservoired hydrocarbons. In general, The following factors favor oil expulsion from a source rock:
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  • Hydrodynamic traps: mapping
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler # Make a water isopotential map with respect to oil or gas, using the formula for V,
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  • Structural fairway prospectivity
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...iguration, and major elements of the hydrocarbon system combine to present a likely scenario for an economic [[accumulation]] of hydrocarbons.
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  • Diagenetic traps: criteria for recognition
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...t early on in a play to consider if [[Diagenesis|diagenetic]] changes play a major role in [[trap]] modification. [[Production testing|Test]], productio
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  • Offshore exploration and exploitation
    ...s necessary make indirect exploration, which, if it is successful, goes to a direct exploration, and if that is also successful, ends finally in an expl ...d as reference. These fields are registered by a magnetometer installed in a plane that flies over the interest zone. Sedimentary formations with hydroc
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  • Tertiary
    The Tertiary is a term that is no longer preferred. It has been replaced by Paleogene and Neo
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  • Top and fault seal evaluation
    ...tense [[deformation]] in excess of top [[seal ductility]] can [[fracture]] a top seal. In addition, sufficiently high pore pressures in excess of the fr ...percent fill without the ability to risk seal (top or fault) is reduced to a statistical guessing game. They control the vertical and lateral distributi
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  • How to plot the strike data to the Rosette diagram
    ...ch a planar feature is inclined to the horizontal plane; it is measured in a vertical plane perpendicular to the strike of the feature.<ref>http://www.b ...ined easily with left hand rule. They also can be measured accurately with a Brunton compass. Parts of the Brunton Compass, as explained by [[:File:Brun
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  • Artificial lift
    A number of different types of artificial lift systems are currently in use. An electric submersible pump (ESP) consists of a centrifugal pump coupled to an electric motor. The pump and motor combinati
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  • Using a tectonic history model for petroleum system analysis
    ...essential elements and processes of the [[petroleum system]]s in a basin. A basin such as the [[Gulf of Mexico]] can have more than one petroleum syste ...he petroleum systems within the High Island–East Breaks area. Following is a summary of the tectonic history of the basin.
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  • Cambrian
    ...Cambrian) near Field, British Columbia, Canada.; Photograph taken by Mark A. Wilson (Department of Geology, The College of Wooster), August 2009.]]
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  • Interpreting gravity measurements
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander The table below outlines a suggested procedure for interpreting gravity.
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  • Pickett plot construction
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...taken from well logs and 2×4 cycle log-log paper. The procedure for making a Pickett plot consists of five steps, detailed below.
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  • Temporal and environmental distribution of microfossils
    ...a species persists only for a limited amount of geologic time and only in a specific environment, microfossils can be used to date the rocks in which t
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  • Stratigraphic trap
    ...ysis#Basic sample analysis|cuttings]]. [[Sequence stratigraphy]] serves as a framework for integrating data.
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  • Migration by solution in water
    ...ution. Both of these forms enable the hydrocarbons to move one molecule at a time and thus restrict movement minimally. The method of transport is eithe True solution is a function of pressure, temperature, salinity, molecular weight, and mixtures
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  • Hydrocarbon expulsion, migration, and accumulation
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...g the processes of expulsion, [[migration]], [[accumulation]], and flow to a wellbore. Differential pressure (ΔP) in the fluid continuum of the [[petro
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  • Kerogen type and maturity
    | author = Carol A. Law ...f the geologic section and hydrocarbon generation for each kerogen type in a basin. This relationship can be derived using 1-D basin [[modeling]] techni
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  • Offshore rigs
    An offshore rig is a large structure on or in water with facilities to drill wells, to extract a ...rtation. The ''living quarters'' usually comprise bedrooms, a dining hall, a recreation room, office space, and an infirmary. Escape boats are usually l
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  • Seal capacity variation with depth and hydrocarbon phase
    * At depths below 9,000–10,000 ft a seal is always capable of trapping more gas than oil, and ...oir_quality#Compaction|Compaction]] and [[diagenesis]] during burial cause a progressive reduction in pore throats in most seal lithologies. In addition
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  • Borehole gravity: uses, advantages, and disadvantages
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander * Is a deep imaging tool
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  • Petroleum system: geographic, stratigraphic, and temporal extent
    | author = Leslie B. Magoon, Edward A. Beaumont The '''age''' of a system is the time required for the process of [[Petroleum generation|gener
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  • Economics: fundamental equations for oil and gas property evaluation
    ...table installments. Also, maintenance costs are incurred repeatedly during a project's lifetime. So the [[Economics: time value of money|time value of m ==Evaluating a producing property==
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  • Structural geology fieldwork
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...ked to determine if they can be confidently used for interpretation and as a base for additional work. In areas where geologic maps at the required scal
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  • Top seal integrity: Central Graben example
    ...s. A seismic line across both traps is shown in the following figure. Trap A is at the left; trap B is at the center. ...mic profiles over the most highly strained portion of each structure using a series of seismic sequence boundaries that could be mapped throughout the b
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  • Fracture traps
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...eme includes fracture traps in the structural system because fractures are a result of [[deformation]] and/or displacement and therefore are structural
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  • Botucatu Formation
    ...Milani, E. J., J. H. G. Melo, P. A. Souza, L. A. Fernandes, and A. B. França, 2007, Do Paraná: Cartas Estratigráficas--Boletim de Geociências da Petr The paleowind regimes show a monsoonal pattern during the Jurassic and Cretaceous, the main winds blew t
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  • Frontier reconnaissance techniques and tools
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...anies seeking an entry position in a basin with established production and a competitive business environment.
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  • Grain size
    A number of scales for clastic grain size have been used. One of the commone
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  • Limitations of oil correlations
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale * Multiple sources for oil in a trap
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  • Seismic attributes
    | author = Geoffrey A. Dorn ...of the attributes that can be created. One approach<ref name=ch13r2>Brown, A., R., 1999, Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Seismic Data, 5th ed.: [htt
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  • Kerogen type and hydrocarbon generation
    | author = Carol A. Law ...at a specified rate. This rate of conversion to hydrocarbons is defined by a first-order rate equation known as the Arrhenius equation:
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  • Preparing to go to the field
    ...epared.” Know where you are going, identify potential problems, and devise a way to stay in touch with your colleagues in the office. ...ood, if different from your own. In central Africa, laughing is considered a sign of embarrassment; in Saudi Arabia, crossing your legs and exposing the
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  • Paleogeography and prospect identification
    The list below outlines a suggested procedure for defining paleogeography and applying it to prospect # Identify the stratigraphic interval of a single depositional phase that has potential for containing reservoir rocks
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  • Carbonate porosity formation and preservation
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ated late in a rock's life; however, concentrating on the early history of a carbonate rock is generally more rewarding when searching for reservoir-qua
    5 KB (708 words) - 17:27, 5 December 2023
  • Trap geometry: changes
    | author = Alton A. Brown We often assume that a structure remains static when [[Calculating charge volume|charged]] by petr
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  • Seismic inversion
    ...e to carry back to the surface. Obviously, [[drilling a well]] and running a set of logging tools gives us much more information. However, the advantage seismic-inversion_fig1.png|{{figure number|1}}A flowchart showing the general concept behind seismic Inversion.
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  • Structural styles: data and techniques for evaluation
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ==What is a structural style?==
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  • Surficial geochemical case history 1: structural traps
    ...and microseepage]] from undisturbed structural traps. In the early 1980s, a series of microseepage surveys were conducted over 49 proposed well locatio ...ercial shows. The one show well that was not recognized tested 9 BO/D with a very low gas-oil ratio (GOR).
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  • Buoyancy forces in reservoir fluids
    When hydrocarbons migrate into a trap, the buoyancy force exerted by the lighter oil (or gas) will push the .../pg/0076/0006/0000/0840.htm Geological applications of capillary pressure: A review]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 76, no. 6, p. 840–850.</ref>
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  • Gravity data processing
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander ...g.org/doi/abs/10.1190/1.1437341 The theory of the Bouguer gravity anomaly: a tutorial]: Leading Edge, May 1996, p. 361–363.</ref> There are five categ
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  • Gas hydrates
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...n the 21st century.<ref name=Kvenvolden_1993ap279>Kvenvolden, K. A., 1993, A primer on gas hydrates, ''in'' D. G. Howell, ed., [http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/
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  • Magnetotelluric data acquisition
    ...cted using a microprocessor-controlled voltmeter. The voltmeter is in fact a system of complex hardware and software devices that includes amplification ...n, M. A., and D. W. Strangway, 1975, Audio-frequency magnetotellurics with a grounded electrical dipole source: Geophysics, vol. 40, p. 669–683., 10.,
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  • Seal capacity of breached and hydrocarbon-wet seals
    ...r, hydrocarbons continue to flow through the seal until there is no longer a continuous hydrocarbon filament. Although the process is not completely und ...Petroleum Geology, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 3–13, DOI 10.1016/0264-8172(93)90095-A.</ref> Copyright: Marine and Petroleum Geology.]]
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  • Static hydrocarbon pressure gradients
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...an determine the [[Dip|downdip]] [[hydrocarbon column]] length by plotting a [[reservoir]]'s static hydrocarbon pressure gradient vs. its [[Normal hydro
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  • Fayetteville Shale Gas Play, Arkansas
    The Upper Mississippian Fayetteville Shale play is a regional shale-gas exploration and development program within the central a ...found the play holds 38 Tcf in technically recoverable resources, of which a cumulative 18.2 Tcf are economically recoverable reserves by 2050. EIA als
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  • Drilling problems
    Drilling problems include any difficulties encountered while [[drilling a well]]. The most common drilling problems are the creation of doglegs and k ...ally, a dogleg is caused by a change in the [[dip]] of the formation or by a change in the weight applied to the bit. Severe doglegs can result in stuck
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  • Expulsion efficiency estimation
    ...[[source rock]] is actually expelled; of the amount that is expelled, only a small amount is trapped. [[:file:migration-of-petroleum_fig7-13.png|Figure ...efficiency is low because most of the source rock section contains too low a concentration of organic material to participate in the expulsion process.
    4 KB (569 words) - 21:54, 14 February 2022
  • Midale seal capacity and trap type
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...are essentially the same facies as the Midale vuggy beds, analyzed here as a possible updip seal. This study shows the updip change in pore throat sizes
    5 KB (723 words) - 17:02, 12 April 2022
  • Pressure prediction: analysis of cuttings
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler The physical appearance of drill cuttings may be a clue to subsurface pressure conditions as reflected in the state of compact
    5 KB (818 words) - 17:56, 17 February 2022
  • Plate tectonic studies
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...seful in frontier basins, it is helpful even in mature basins. Knowing how a structural play fits into the regional tectonic picture may yield new ideas
    4 KB (601 words) - 18:22, 2 February 2022
  • Trap leakage
    | author = Alton A. Brown ...oleum escapes a trap through the sealing lithology. Escape of petroleum up a [[fault]] which cuts the sealing lithology is also leakage. Leakage along f
    3 KB (445 words) - 16:58, 1 February 2022
  • Techniques for enhancing seismic facies analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...o the actual seismic data. The geological model is adjusted until there is a match.
    5 KB (720 words) - 18:51, 4 February 2022
  • Basin-centered gas
    ...ility reservoirs. The accumulations range from single, isolated reservoirs a few feet thick to multiple, stacked reservoirs several thousand feet thick. ...pped accumulations in several respects. Two types of BCGSs are recognized; a direct type, characterized by having gas-prone [[source rock]]s, and an ind
    3 KB (453 words) - 13:28, 10 March 2015
  • Coal
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast Coal is a rock that contains greater than 50 wt. % organic matter. Most coals in Nort
    5 KB (737 words) - 14:52, 15 August 2016
  • Hydrodynamics
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...[dip]]. The fluids can have a vertical component to their movement but, on a basinwide scale, the lateral flow component is of major concern.
    5 KB (658 words) - 22:04, 17 February 2022
  • Gravity basics
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander * Nondestructive; measures an existing field through a passive measurement
    5 KB (720 words) - 17:59, 24 January 2022
  • San Juan basin
    ...and vicinity], in C. E. Turner-Peterson, E. S. Santos, and N. S. Fishman, A Basin Analysis Case Study: Morrison Formation, Grants Uranium Region, New M ...the Jurassic], in C. E. Turner-Peterson, E. S. Santos, and N. S. Fishman, A Basin Analysis Case Study: Morrison Formation, Grants Uranium Region, New M
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  • AAPG Wiki:Converting content
    * Collecting the content in a useful format ...asy ways to push collected items through a processing flow. It starts from a book's base URL, follows chapter links, and collects the page content. It a
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  • Stratigraphic trap seals
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...mbination trap]]s require top, [[lateral]], and bottom [[seal]]s to retain a hydrocarbon [[accumulation]]. [[:file:exploring-for-stratigraphic-traps_fig
    5 KB (632 words) - 20:26, 3 February 2022
  • Other correlation features
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks A maximum flooding surface separates “younger from older strata across whic
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  • Seismic data preparation for mapping
    ...rget is the Ordovician Wilcox Formation. The interpretation was done using a system called Cubic. Follow the steps listed below to make a classic structural [[seismic interpretation]].
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  • Apatite fission track analysis
    | author = Carol A. Law ...8 is a time-dependent reaction; therefore, the number of fission tracks in a crystal can be used to measure the time since the formation of the apatite
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  • Picking horizons in 3-D data
    | author = Geoffrey A. Dorn ...nts. If this assumption is violated between control points (e.g., there is a fault between the interpreted lines), then the results will be poor.
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  • Rock quality
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...sub> method yields information about the fluid flow and storage quality of a rock.
    10 KB (1,534 words) - 16:53, 4 April 2022
  • Who finds oil?
    | chapter = Developing a philosophy of exploration | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster, Richard R. Vincelette, Marlan W. Downey, James
    6 KB (826 words) - 14:29, 18 February 2022
  • Natural-gas liquids
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...oduction. From Salvador.<ref name=Salvador_2005>Salvador, A., 2005, Energy-A historical perspective and 21st century forecast: AAPG Studies in Geology 5
    4 KB (549 words) - 16:31, 25 June 2015
  • Mudlogging: the mudlog
    ...([[:file:mudlogging-the-mudlog_fig1.png|Figure 1]]) and then plotted onto a mudlog form ([[:file:mudlogging-the-mudlog_fig2.png|Figure 2]]). Each mudlo ...l to well and to prevent confusion or misunderstanding over the meaning of a log trace or annotation.
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  • Interpreting hydrocarbon shows
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...eight above the [[free water level]] lets us interpret the significance of a hydrocarbon show.
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  • Magnetics: total intensity and residual magnetic maps
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, S. Parker Gay ...r a model of the earth's normal magnetic field is removed. It is generally a reflection of the average magnetic susceptibility of broad, large-scale geo
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  • Three-dimensional seismic method
    ...on is a [[cross section]] of a 3-D seismic response. Despite the fact that a 2-D section contains signal from all directions, including out-of-plane of ...1.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}(a) A CMP-stacked section. Copyright: a marine 3-D survey. (b) The corresponding 2-D migrated section. (c) The 3-D
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  • Fishing
    ....png|{{figure number|2}}Key seating. © Short;<ref name=Short1981>Short, J. A., 1981, Fishing and casing repair: Tulsa, OK, PennWellBooks, 365p.</ref> co * Differential sticking to a permeable formation ([[:file:fishing_fig1.png|Figure 1]]).
    8 KB (1,156 words) - 21:19, 19 January 2022
  • Coalbed methane
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...tion process, and most of it (98%) is found adsorbed in the coal, which is a [[microporous]] solid with large internal surface areas in the matrix pore
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  • Setting and structure of the Sorrento field
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...e Sorrento field. From Sonnenberg.<ref name=Sonnenberg_1985>Sonnenberg, S. A., 1985, Tectonic and sedimentation model for Morrow sandstone deposition, S
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  • Spore coloration and thermal alteration indices (SCI and TAI): usage
    | author = Carol A. Law ...on indicators that measure the color of [[palynomorph]]s. Color changes as a function of [[Maturation|maturity]].
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  • Reducing exploration risk
    | author = Leslie B. Magoon, Edward A. Beaumont ...produce?'' To solve this problem, exploration geologists find and evaluate a prospect. In addition to helping evaluate [[Calculating charge volume|petro
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  • Cross-leaking fault
    A cross-leaking fault allows [[lateral]] communication of hydrocarbons betwee ...figure number|1}}Two sands, R<sub>u</sub> and R<sub>d</sub>, juxtaposed by a fault. The two sands have common oil-water (OWC) and gas-water (GWC) conta
    8 KB (1,155 words) - 21:31, 24 March 2022
  • Morrow lithofacies and pore types: Sorrento field
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ystem-quality-and-performance_fig9-86.png|Figure 1]]), we see a picture of a clastic reservoir with wide heterogeneity in total [[Porosity|porosities],
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  • Top seal displacement pressure
    ...ure necessary to force hydrocarbons into the pore space of a rock and form a continuous hydrocarbon filament.<ref name=ch10r67>Schowalter, T. T., 1979, The displacement pressure of a seal depends on both the physical character of the seal (pore throat radius
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  • Surface geochemical exploration: assumptions
    ...Bulletin, vol. 67, p. 932–952.</ref><ref name=ch18r30>Price, L. C., 1986, A critical overview and proposed working model of surface geochemical explora ...ploration: the spectrum of seepage styles], in Schumacher, D., Abrams, M., A., eds., Hydrocarbon Migration and Its Near-Surface Expression: [http://stor
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  • Seismic data
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra Seismic data provide a “time picture” of subsurface structure. For accurate structural analysi
    5 KB (712 words) - 21:27, 2 February 2022
  • Plate tectonics: setting and history maps
    By understanding the present structural and stratigraphic configuration of a basin, we can interpret its [[Plate tectonics|plate tectonic history]] with ...st|oceanic]] and [[transitional crust]]<ref name=ch04r25 /> deformed along a set of north-northwest-trending faults.<ref name=ch04r64>Marton, G., and R.
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  • Seal failure prediction
    | author = Alton A. Brown A seal can fail when [[capillary pressure]] exceeds seal entry pressure([[Int
    4 KB (571 words) - 18:06, 1 February 2022
  • Agglutinated microfossils
    ...as indicators of organic carbon flux, in M. A. Kaminski, S Geroch, and M. A. Gasiński, eds., Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Agglu
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  • Critical elements application: Niobrara example
    | chapter = Developing a philosophy of exploration | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster, Richard R. Vincelette, Marlan W. Downey, James
    7 KB (962 words) - 16:03, 18 February 2022
  • Natural gas occurrence
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...se from which gas is not profitably recovered for one reason or another at a certain time. Schmoker<ref name=Schmoker_2002>Schmoker, J. W., 2002, [http:
    4 KB (556 words) - 22:10, 7 January 2015
  • Elemental parameter data for oil–oil and oil–source rock correlations
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...oils with less than 0.5% sulfur by weight. However, sulfur content is also a function of maturity.
    4 KB (571 words) - 17:34, 15 February 2022
  • Hydrodynamic flow and pressure transients
    A hydrodynamic gradient will either increase or decrease the height of a trapped [[hydrocarbon]] column.<ref name=ch10r67>Schowalter, T. T., 1979, [ ...pacity based upon the capillary model assume a static pressure gradient or a uniform regional hydrodynamic gradient.
    4 KB (477 words) - 14:34, 1 April 2022
  • Natural gas: history and forecast
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...considered, and finding gas when searching for oil was commonly considered a calamity.
    5 KB (786 words) - 16:33, 25 June 2015
  • Oil-oil and oil-source rock correlation
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...other oils or (2) oils with [[source rock]] extracts to determine whether a genetic relationship exists. Correlations are accomplished by comparing ele
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  • Trap classification
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...assify traps in a scientifically rigorous and systematic way, and presents a classification scheme for traps found to date. The classification scheme is
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  • Practical suggestions for oil correlation
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...the biomarkers used in correlations are present only in concentrations of a few parts per million.
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  • Borehole gravity tool
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander ...png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Fundamentals of measuring density using a borehole gravity sensor. From Schowalter;<ref name=Schowalter1979>Schowalte
    5 KB (720 words) - 18:07, 24 January 2022
  • Great American carbonate bank
    | author = R. D. Fritz, W, A. Morgan, S. Longacre, J. R. Derby, C. A. Sternbach ...[[El Paso]], [[Knox]], [[Prairie du Chien]], and [[Potsdam]] (to name just a few of the more widely used), but characteristic [[lithofacies]] and fauna
    5 KB (768 words) - 18:39, 1 August 2016
  • Seismic data - creating an integrated structure map
    ...he subsurface (subsalt, subthrust, etc.). When it works, this method gives a map which, by definition, matches every well exactly. It uses seismic time ...seismic data]]. Comparing this map with the final time structure map gives a good feel for the additional information supplied by the 3-D seismic sectio
    7 KB (1,117 words) - 17:51, 25 January 2022
  • Seismic data interpretation - recurring themes
    From the broad field of seismology, a few things seem to pop up with regularity. Some of these have been collecte ...layer, 3-D seismic, includes all of 2-D plus [[azimuth]], [[Components of a 3-D seismic survey#Bins|bins]], and the [[3-D seismic: the data cube|data v
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  • Migration distance: vertical and lateral
    ...[[reservoir]] varies greatly. The rule that the first sealed reservoir in a trapping configuration has the highest probability of containing hydrocarbo ...including [[Wikipedia:Isotope geochemistry|isotopic analysis]], often show a smoothly increasing gradient of maturity, suggesting local genesis and shor
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  • Hydrostatic pressure-depth plot construction
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...s. Pressures exceeding hydrostatic pressures may be due to the presence of a [[hydrocarbon column]]. Most methods for determining hydrostatic pressures
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  • Migration rate calculation
    :<math>\mbox{R} = {-}(\mbox{k} \times \mbox{A/m} \times [(\mbox{P}_{\rm grad} + \mbox{P}_{\rm c}) - \rho_{\rm hc} \times * k = permeability to oil or gas at a given saturation (m<sup>2</sup>)
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  • Sidewall coring
    ...dies. Other systems such as the new Sidetrak Coring System<sup>®</sup> cut a more conventional type of core angled off to the side of the hole. Sidewall ...n) can be combined in multiples of approximately 30 bullets with 120 shots a general maximum. The gun is lowered to the desired depth, then individual b
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  • Surficial geochemical interpretation guidelines
    ...ay represent hydrocarbon leakage from an [[accumulation]] or leakage along a carrier bed or other migration pathway. Anomalies defined by multiple sampl ...charged with hydrocarbons. Conversely, if the trap is not associated with a positive geochemical anomaly, we assume the trap is not charged with hydroc
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  • Formation-scale migration pathways
    ...://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/immiscible immiscible] phase through a series of beds does not proceed uniformly but occurs preferentially through ...aturations for bed-parallel vs. bed-perpendicular multiphase fluid flow in a wavy bedded rock. After Ringrose and Corbett.<ref name=ch07r11>Ringrose, S.
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  • Fracking
    ...g is an attempt to increase the productivity of the formation by injecting a fluid, combine of water, chemical and wedge fractures (proppant) into the w ...e target reservoir layer. Drilling is then followed by the installation of a protective casing or drilling gas flow so as not to contaminate the soil en
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  • Migration by separate phase
    ...s in the subsurface is inevitable. Each [[kerogen]] particle produces such a mass. Small hydrocarbon masses are commonly subdivided by size: ...ficient buoyant force to free itself from its attraction to the surface of a kerogen particle.
    8 KB (1,155 words) - 15:17, 14 February 2022
  • Selling a structural play
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra For a structural play to be accepted, we must construct a coherent explanation of the mechanics or tectonics responsible for creating
    5 KB (738 words) - 15:58, 2 February 2022
  • Seismic data: two- or three-dimensional interpretation
    | author = Geoffrey A. Dorn ...uality and require significantly more effort than interpreting the data in a 3-D fashion.
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  • Displacement pressure
    ...a095/a095/0001/0200/0221.htm Capillary pressure] in D. Morton-Thompson and A. M. Woods, eds., Development Geology Reference Manual: [http://store.aapg.o
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  • Oil shale
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...iciently high temperature, a process called ''retorting.'' Oil shales have a low calorific value and high ash and mineral content.
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  • Top seal strain estimation
    ...pany internal report.</ref><ref name=ch10r71>Skerlec, G., M., 1990, SEALS: A short course for risking top seal and fault seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, S ...f top seals in the laboratory. Incremental strain analysis yields not only a quantitative strain value but also shows how strain has varied with time.
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  • Surface production equipment
    ...letion.jpg|thumb|300px|Wellhead in Northeastern BC, Canada The wellhead is a dual completion. Two different zones have been completed however production ...g and chokes to control the production from a well capable of flowing. For a well that is being pumped, the Christmas tree is replaced by wellhead equip
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  • Trap spillage
    | author = Alton A. Brown ...turation|residual saturation]] over a thick section of the reservoir, with a paleo-fluid contact located near the base of the residual saturation. Petro
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  • Geostatic and lithostatic pressure
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...ic pressure at a given depth is the vertical pressure due to the weight of a column of rock and the fluids contained in the rock above that depth. Litho
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  • Gravity applications: examples
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander ...ast Asia. Cooler colors are gravity lows; warmer colors are gravity highs. A number of important tectonic elements can be interpreted easily from the im
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  • Update for Fayetteville Shale Gas Play in Arkansas, 2019
    The Upper Mississippian Fayetteville Shale play is a regional shale-gas exploration and development program within the central a ...found the play holds 38 Tcf in technically recoverable resources, of which a cumulative 18.2 Tcf are economically recoverable reserves by 2050. EIA als
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  • Flow units and containers
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...nction of the number, quality, geometry, and location of containers within a reservoir system; drive mechanism; and fluid properties. When performance d
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  • Pore-fluid interaction
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...] analysis of rocks yields the most insight into the behavior of fluids in a particular pore system.
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  • Pyrolysis gas chromatography
    | author = Carol A. Law ...Py-GC can be conducted on whole rock or isolated kerogen samples to obtain a visual signature or “fingerprint” of the organic material present.
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  • Petrofabrics
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...t requires oriented subsurface or surface samples and is performed only by a relatively limited number of specialists, usually at universities.
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  • Seismic facies mapping
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks The steps below outlines a suggested procedure for mapping seismic facies.
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  • Measuring displacement pressure using mercury injection
    ...b>d</sub>) is routinely inferred by forcing mercury into the pore space of a sample ([[Core description|cores]] or [[Mudlogging: drill cuttings analysis ...-48.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Typical mercury capillary curve for a sandstone.<ref name=ch10r67>Schowalter, T. T., 1979, [http://archives.datap
    5 KB (749 words) - 19:46, 31 March 2022
  • Sandstone diagenesis: composition and texture
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ir quality in Lower Tertiary sandstones along the Texas Gulf Coast], in D. A. McDonald and R. C. Surdam, eds., Clastic Diagenesis: AAPG Memoir 37, p. 15
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  • Hydrofractured seal leakage
    | author = Alton A. Brown ...during times of peak geopressure because both charging and geopressure are a response to high sedimentation and heating rates.
    5 KB (679 words) - 17:11, 1 February 2022
  • Factors that cause migration
    [[Hydrocarbon migration|Hydrocarbons]] migrate from a position of higher potential energy to one of lower potential energy. The s * Expansion due to a phase change (related to [[maturation]])
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  • Fault seal-conduit studies
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...uits or seals with respect to the migration of subsurface fluids. They use a variety of techniques, including [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary
    5 KB (638 words) - 14:17, 2 February 2022
  • AAPG Wiki:Moderation
    *There is a limited pool of moderator person-hours at AAPG's disposal, especially from *A moderation process that introduces unreasonable delay in flagging articles
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  • Continental drift
    ...ener in 1915 when he observed that the earth plates will fit together like a puzzle with other supporting evidence. He called the whole mass Pangaea, wh ...the continents where to be fitted along there margins, they will fit into a whole mass called the Pangaea.
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  • Sea level cycles and carbonate diagenesis
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...diagenesis that takes place during fourth- or fifth-order cycles can have a great deal of influence on the amount of paleohydrology and diagenesis that
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  • Vertical and lateral seismic resolution and attenuation
    ...and-lateral-seismic-resolution-and-attenuation_fig2.png|{{figure number|2}}A 1.5-octave zero-phase wavelet passing frequencies between 14 and 65 Hz that ...resolution-and-attenuation_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Seismic response of a wedge pinchout.
    8 KB (1,164 words) - 20:24, 21 January 2022
  • Seismic data display
    ...ock properties in the subsurface. Lithology, [[porosity]], pore fluid, and a host of other variations are often detectable in the seismic response but c ...orosity, gas zone, or facies changes. This allows the correct selection of a data processing flow and display of the desired information.
    9 KB (1,404 words) - 21:17, 19 January 2022
  • Reservoir system quality prediction
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...rformance. The reservoir system controls two critical economic elements of a prospect: (1) the rate and (2) the amount of [[hydrocarbon]]s recovered. In
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  • Weyburn field location and trap problem
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ber of the Mississippian Mission Canyon Formation.<ref name=ch09r9>Chetin, A. K., and W. W. Fitkin, 1959, Geology of the Weyburn field, Saskatchewan: Ca
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  • Using conventional well logs to estimate richness
    | author = Carol A. Law ...ell logs allow a qualitative identification of organic-rich formations and a quantitative analysis of the amount of organic matter. The advantages of us
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  • Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS): procedures
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale GC/MS is a technique used to identify and quantify those compounds present in small co
    6 KB (894 words) - 21:38, 15 February 2022
  • Micropermeable seal leakage
    | author = Alton A. Brown Micropermeable leakage is caused by a variety of seal failure mechanisms, as discussed in the following sections.
    5 KB (742 words) - 17:11, 1 February 2022
  • Intact top seal
    .../pg/0076/0006/0000/0840.htm Geological applications of capillary pressure: a review]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 76, no. 6, p. 840–850.</ref>
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  • Checkshots and vertical seismic profiles
    | author = B. A. Hardage ...vertical-seismic-profiles_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}The source position (A or B) should be chosen so that the travel path to each receiver is as nearl
    11 KB (1,599 words) - 20:48, 19 January 2022
  • Paleoclimatology
    ...ss climate is still lacking. The following elements can contribute to such a methodology: Because climate is a global phenomenon, the various [[lithofacies]] and [[Fossil assemblage|biof
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  • Hydrocarbon migration
    ...ary migration]] occurs when petroleum moves from one trap to another or to a seep.<ref name=Petersetal_2012>Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Mare * [[Hydrocarbon]]s migrate as a separate phase, primarily due to [[Buoyancy forces in reservoir fluids|buoy
    6 KB (865 words) - 14:33, 6 April 2016
  • Sequences during high-amplitude, high-frequency cycles
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont * In a sequence package that lacks internal seals, the uppermost sequences general
    6 KB (761 words) - 13:47, 7 April 2022
  • Stratigraphic and geographic distribution of fossils
    ...pecific [[Paleoenvironmental analysis|paleoenvironments]] characterized by a range of ecological parameters such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxy
    2 KB (250 words) - 17:52, 31 January 2022
  • Fault-dependent leak points, continuity, and charge
    ...mples (abs.), in J. Ebanks, J. Kaldi, and C. Vavra, eds., Seals and Traps: A Multidisciplinary Approach: AAPG Hedberg conference, Crested Butte, Colorad ...use the [[Buckner Formation anhydrite]], a regional seal, is missing above a local [[basement]] high. Only where the regional seal is breached are hydro
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  • AAPG Wiki:Ease of use
    *'''[[Access and openness]]''' - avoid impediments to access (e.g., hitting a firewall for specific content access). Require login only if absolutely ne *'''Familiarity''' - consider using a familiar visual vernacular (e.g., looks like Wikipedia and familiar to user
    2 KB (266 words) - 15:49, 6 August 2013
  • Displacement pressure estimation from pore size
    ...., 1921, Note on a method of determining the distribution of pore sizes in a porous material: Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, vol. 7, p. ...n, F., A., L., Dhawan, G., K., 1974, Characterization of pore structure by a combination of quantitative photomicrography and mercury porosimetry: Journ
    5 KB (766 words) - 22:55, 2 February 2016
  • Tar sands
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...s." Other authors have defined tar sands as reservoirs containing oil with a specific gravity of less than 10&deg; API (bitumen) and immobile in the res
    7 KB (1,012 words) - 13:40, 18 March 2019
  • Seal ductility
    ..., two of the most common top seals.<ref name=ch10r33>Grunau, H., R., 1987, A world-wide look at the cap-rock problem: Journal of Petroleum Geology, vol. ...ain before [[Fracture|fracturing]]. A seal can be brittle but unfractured; a seal can be ductile but fractured. Fracture depends upon whether the strain
    4 KB (510 words) - 15:22, 30 March 2022
  • Pressure compartments
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...sure compartments are found in basins worldwide. A pressure compartment is a volume of rock, all sides of which are sealed such that the fluid within th
    6 KB (828 words) - 17:57, 17 February 2022
  • Density-neutron log porosity
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont The combination of the density and neutron logs provides a good source of [[porosity]] data, especially in formations of complex litho
    12 KB (1,763 words) - 16:18, 5 April 2022
  • Macroseepage vs. microseepage in surficial geochemistry
    There is a seepage continuum from the smallest detectable levels to visible oil and ga ...oir66/11/0139.htm Migration a view from the top], in D. Schumacher, and M. A. Abrams, eds., Hydrocarbon Migration and Its Near-Surface Expression:[http:
    6 KB (754 words) - 22:07, 24 January 2022
  • Geologic mapping (UB)
    ...es information about Earth’s reliefs interpretation, and then described on a flat plane, called geological map. Geological maps give informations about ...ated very useful geology maps and illustrated the distribution of rocks on a topographic map. The idea of making an original map of rock distribution wa
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  • Gypsum
    [[File:GypsumWhitehurst.jpg|center|framed|Selenite, a variety of gypsum. This bladed form with an hourglass-shaped inclusion is
    583 bytes (83 words) - 21:19, 9 December 2014
  • Rate of penetration
    [[file:rate-of-penetration_fig1.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Example of a geolograph chart.]] ...ph places a small mark on the chart. Every [[length::5 ft]] the pen places a larger mark on the chart ([[:file:rate-of-penetration_fig1.png|Figure 1]]).
    7 KB (1,049 words) - 19:02, 20 January 2022
  • Factors that oppose hydrocarbon migration
    ...ith hydrocarbon molecule size. From Momper;<ref name=Momper1978>Momper, J. A., 1978, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/geochem1/data/a034b/a0 ...increased probability of a continuous large pore network terminating into a small pore throat. Indeed, even the flow of the comparatively small water m
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  • East Breaks hydrocarbon generation model
    ...J. F. Clement, 1990, Biostratigraphic calibration of depositional cycles: A case study in High Island-Galveston-East Breaks areas, offshore Texas: Proc ...dicated by A and B were used by Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29>Dow, W. G., M. A. Yukler, J. T. Senftle, M. C. Kennicutt, and J. M. Armentrout II, 1990, Mio
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  • Recognizing stacked depositional sequences in seismic profiles
    ...sentday sea floor profile. The seven prograding clinoforms are mapped into a nearby well and are correlated with two-cycle charts ([[:file:sedimentary-b ...r3>Anderson, R., N., Abdulah, K., Sarzalejo, S., Siringan, F., Thomas, M., A., 1996, Late Quaternary sedimentation and high-resolution sequence stratigr
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  • Diagenesis
    Diagenesis is the alteration of a sediment after deposition.It can have important effects in decreasing or en
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  • Correlation and regression analysis
    ...r|1}}Linear regression of x-on-y. Note the negative slope corresponding to a negative correlation. The regression line is determined so as to minimize t ...rties. The investigation of [[permeability]]-[[porosity]] relationships is a typical example of the use of correlation in geology.
    9 KB (1,366 words) - 16:37, 19 January 2022
  • Surficial geochemical exploration principles
    ...induced alteration of soils and sediments], in Schumacher, D., Abrams, M., A., eds., Hydrocarbon Migration and Its Near-Surface Expression: [http://stor ...gh thousands of meters of strata without observable faults or fractures in a relatively short time (weeks to years).
    5 KB (687 words) - 19:23, 24 January 2022
  • Sandstone diagenetic processes
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...y predicting sandstone quality depends on predicting diagenetic history as a product of depositional environments, sediment composition, and fluid migra
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  • Tectonostratigraphic history
    ...em]]. The tectonostratigraphic history for a basin is usually portrayed in a time series of [[cross section]]s, showing the geologic elements of each ph ...ry-basin-analysis_fig4-11.png|{{figure number|1}}Schematic diagram showing a series of cross sections representing the four phases of Late Triassic to E
    7 KB (1,044 words) - 16:34, 22 February 2022
  • History of oil
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...pur-war Yom Kippur War], and the resulting Arab oil embargo, which brought a sharp increase in the price of oil. Annual oil production dropped sharply t
    5 KB (778 words) - 21:14, 12 March 2019
  • Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS): examples of correlations
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...larity in distributions of both triterpanes and steranes strongly supports a positive oil–source rock correlation in this instance.
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  • Petrophysical analysis of lithofacies
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...lithofacies of a rock section in a target area can help determine if such a relationship exists.
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  • AAPG Wiki:Main Page
    To change the banner image, you will need a large image with not too many colours, low saturation or low brightness. It ...id iteration, you can override it with styles in the page, but this is not a good long-term solution.
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  • Suggested pages
    A few suggested topics for articles include: ...sh;Stubs are articles that do not have enough material to properly discuss a topic and need to be added to or completed.
    2 KB (215 words) - 20:43, 10 August 2015
  • Well log sequence analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...g/detail.aspx?id=478 AAPG Studies in Geology No. 27], p. 2.</ref> outlines a suggested procedure for well log sequence analysis.
    6 KB (845 words) - 16:53, 4 February 2022
  • Structural analogies
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...he regional [[tectonic setting]] indicates that our exploration area is in a [[thrust belt]], but local [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/outcr
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  • Dip-sealing fault
    A [[dip]]-sealing fault traps hydrocarbons against the fault plane. .... Where independent structural closure does exist, as in the figure below, a dip-sealing fault can trap additional volumes of oil against the fault. Dip
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  • Guará Formation
    ...h. The main fluvial paleocurrents are from northeast to southwest, marking a unique period in geological history of the Paraná Basin where its [[depoce ...volução tectono-estratigráfica da Bacia do Paraná e seu relacionamento com a geodinâmica fanerozóica do Gondwana sul-ocidental: Unpublished Ph.D thesi
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  • Forensic geology
    ...se geology in the investigation of crime.<ref name=ConanDoyle>Conan Doyle, A., The Complete Sherlock Holmes.</ref><ref name=Murray>Murray, R. C., 2011,
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  • 3-D seismic data: immersive visualization
    | author = Geoffrey A. Dorn ...alization Environment at ARCO. Copyright: Dorn;<ref name=Dorn1998>Dorn, G. A., 1998 Modern 3-D seismic interpretation: The Leading Edge, vol. 17, no. 9,
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  • AAPG Wiki:Copyrights
    ...rs and acknowledgment of the authors of the wiki article used is included (a link back to the article satisfies the attribution requirement). Copied Enc ...to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this wiki page.
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  • Trap systems: structural, stratigraphic, and fluidic
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...“miscellaneous” or “other” or “unconventional” but seem to fit nicely into a distinct system of their own.
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  • Biogeography
    ...ion of organisms. Analyzing the biogeographic patterns of fossils provides a basis for the proposal of new, and the evaluation of existing, paleogeograp ...ect. Terrestrial vertebrates require dry-land connections to complete such a pervasive migration.<ref name=ch17r26>Colbert, E., 1972, Antarctic fossils
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  • Types of completions
    | author =Stephen A. Holditch ...bore. An [[Waterflooding|injection well]] may require stronger casing than a [[production well]].
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  • Formation fluid pressure from repeat formation testers
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...pressure at specific points on the borehole wall. The diagram below shows a typical RFT tool. Formation pressure is measured by the formation sampler (
    6 KB (849 words) - 17:55, 17 February 2022
  • Isotopic parameter data for oil–oil and oil–source rock correlations
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...ef name=ch08r5>Chung, H. M., M. A. Rooney, M. B., Toon, G. E. Claypool, M. A. Rooney, and R. M. Squires, 1994, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bull
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  • Static gas pressure gradient estimation
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler The static gas pressure of a gas reservoir is a function of gas density. Static gas pressure gradients can be estimated if
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  • East Breaks depositional sequence
    Each [[depocenter]] has a unique depositional history that reflects the integration of all responses ...sses the concept of depositional sequences and how to identify them, using a data set from the High Island–East Breaks area. The location of this stud
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  • Wireline formation testers
    ...formation pressure in an open hole are made at any number of depths during a single [[trip]] into the hole. These pressure measurements are useful in de # gradients of fluid pressure within a formation that can indicate fluid content,
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  • Temperature trap regime
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...| Low-temperature traps; Accumulations in which hydrocarbon gases occur as a solid, ice-like compound of gas and water, formed under conditions of extre
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  • Designing a surficial geochemical survey
    ...ampling design and density in target recognition], in D. Schumacher and M. A. Abrams, eds., Hydrocarbon Migration and Its Near-Surface Expression: [http Use the procedure below as a guide for designing a surface geochemical survey.
    6 KB (826 words) - 17:33, 25 January 2022
  • Solar energy
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...and night, summer and winter, cloudy and clear, and at all latitudes, only a part of the sun's energy reaches the Earth's surface.
    7 KB (1,091 words) - 13:31, 12 September 2014
  • Definitions of depositional system elements
    ...el change occurs. The sediments deposited during one such cycle are called a ''[[Depositional sequence identification|depositional sequence]]''. ...a188/0001/0000/0001.htm Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure], in A. W. Bally, ed., Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy: [http://store.aapg.org/detai
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  • Fault seal quantitative prediction: shale smear factor, shale gouge ratio, and smear gouge ratio
    ...ribute to [[fault seal]]s. Given certain information about a fault cutting a reservoir sequence, it is desirable to predict the likely [[Fault seal beha ...=Lindsay /> given by fault throw divided by source-bed thickness. Methods (a) and (b) model the distance-tapering of shear-type smears, whereas method (
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  • Capillary pressure (Pc): buoyancy, height, and pore throat radius
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...is generated in the lab using a mercury pressure cell, a porous plate, or a centrifuge. Fluid systems used in these techniques include air–water (bri
    6 KB (850 words) - 17:22, 4 April 2022
  • Petroleum system concept: examples of application
    | author = Leslie B. Magoon, Edward A. Beaumont ...ain petroleum and which will not. It also helps them focus on that part of a province that will most likely contain accumulations. Below are some exampl
    7 KB (1,083 words) - 21:59, 25 January 2022
  • Formation water density
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler Formation water density is a function of three variables:
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  • Dolostone
    Dolostone is a term for dolomitized [[limestone]] to distinguish the rock from dolomite th
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  • Displacement pressure estimation
    ...ns in [[Hydrocarbon column: calculation of maximum height]] is replaced by a complex pore-throat size distribution. ...le lists techniques commonly used to estimate the displacement pressure of a top seal.
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  • Surficial geochemical survey objectives
    The principal objectives of a geochemical exploration survey are to ...ystem]]. Additionally, the composition of these seeps can indicate whether a basin or play is oil prone or gas prone.<ref name=ch18r17>Jones, V., T., Dr
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  • Inertinite
    A [[maceral]] group composed of inert hydrogen-poor organic matter with littl
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  • Gas chromatography
    Gas chromatography (GC), is a common type of [[chromatography]] used in analytical chemistry for separati
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  • Oil correlation case history: Zala basin, Hungary
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...a basin consists of various Eocene fault blocks, unconformably overlain by a Middle and Upper Miocene section and underlain by Upper Cretaceous and Tria
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  • Fault plane profile
    ...t plane profiles are a fundamental tool for prospect assessment as well as a first step in understanding [[seal]] behavior in existing fields. Fault pla * It is a cross section in the plane of the fault rather than normal to the fault.
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  • Dip-leaking fault
    ...g the fault plane. Dip-leaking faults can be identified by the presence of a fault plane leak point (FPLP). ...ed Butte, Colorado, June 21–23.</ref><ref name=ch10r34>Harding, T. P., and A. C. Tuminas, 1988, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1988-89/dat
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  • Hydrocarbon accumulation: the seven critical elements
    ...ly, what are the main reasons for the [[dry hole]]s in that same basin? Is a common element responsible for the dry holes? ...t range from no action, to acquiring more data in key areas, to [[drilling a well]].
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  • Fracture threshold in the real world
    ...mpany internal report.</ref><ref name=ch10r71>Skerlec, G. M., 1990, SEALS: A short course for risking top seal and fault seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, S .../data/bulletns/1990-91/data/pg/0075/0011/0000/1714.htm Regional fractures: a mechanism for the formation of regional fractures at depth in flat-lying re
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  • Seepage activity and surficial geochemistry
    ...seepage in near-surface marine sediments], in Schumacher, D., Abrams, M., A., eds., Hydrocarbon Migration and Its Near-Surface Expression: [http://stor ...disturbance''', defined by Abrams<ref name=ch18r1 /><ref name=ch18r2 /> is a near-surface zone of variable depth and thickness in which sedimentary and
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  • Fracture analysis
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Natural fracture intensity prediction and, to a limited extent, fracture [[porosity]], given assumptions regarding rock beh
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  • Minibasin
    ...n the north by fault A, on the east by faults B and C, and on the south by a salt-cored high. .... Ivey, Jr., 1988, East Breaks 160 field on the offshore Texas shelf edge: a model for deepwater exploration and development: Proceedings, 20th Annual O
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  • Mudlogging: gas extraction and monitoring
    ...tion of a gas influx will give rig crews time to respond to toxic gases or a potential blowout condition. Accurate gas data recorded during drilling is ...toring_fig1.png|{{figure number|1}}Mud system.<ref name=pt03r51>Whittaker, A., 1991, Mud logging handbook: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall.</ref>
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  • Erosional trap regime
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...uncation traps; [[Dip|Up-dip]] reservoir boundary created by truncation of a [[reservoir]] beneath an [[unconformity]], followed by deposition of sealin
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  • Third-order sequences
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...raphic-traps_fig21-8.png|Figure 1]] shows a schematic [[cross section]] of a third-order sequence and its various systems tracts.
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  • Liptinite
    A [[maceral]] group composed of oil-prone hydrogen-rich [[kerogen]] that fluo
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  • Mapping unconformities
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...Lower Cretaceous Dakota Group, Western Interior, USA, in M. V. Caputo, J. A. Peterson, and K. J. Franczyk, eds., Mesozoic Systems of the Rocky Mountain
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  • Depositional sequence identification
    ...a188/0001/0000/0001.htm Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure], in A. W. Bally, ed., Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy: [http://store.aapg.org/detai ...|seismic reflection profiles]], correlating sequence boundaries throughout a data grid of seismic reflection profiles.
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  • Carbonate
    ...e]] (CaMg(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>). The proportion of each mineral in a carbonate rock can be determined by [[SEM, XRD, CL, and XF methods|X-Ray Di
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  • Sea level cycle phase and systems tracts
    ...t of sea level cycle phase, identification of cycle phase, construction of a cycle chart, and how sea level cycles of different duration interact. ==Phases of a sea level cycle==
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  • Reflection configuration patterns
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...suggest lateral variations in depositional rates or progressive tilting of a depositional surface. [[:file:exploring-for-stratigraphic-traps_fig21-24.pn
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  • Seismic facies analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks ...01/0000/0001.htm Seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure], in Bally, A., W., ed., Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy: [http://store.aapg.org/detail.asp
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  • Trap classification levels
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster A fairly flexible classification scheme has been devised in which each of the
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  • Magnetotelluric survey case history: volcanic terrain (Columbia River Plateau)
    ...er, is an ideal environment for magnetotelluric (MT) surveys because it is a simple, three-layer stratigraphic package: resistive [[basalt]]s over condu ...ource survey profile. Drafted from data from Mills.<ref name=ch16r5>Mills, A., 1994, Zephyr Geophysical Services, personal communication.</ref>]]
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  • Magnetics: interpreting residual maps
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, S. Parker Gay ...gnetic highs and lows are caused by elevation changes on basement rocks in a sedimentary basin. To the contrary, most magnetic anomalies are caused by l
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  • Predicting preservation and destruction of accumulations
    | author = Alton A. Brown ...In many prospects it is not enough just to know that a trap is present in a basin where hydrocarbons were [[Petroleum generation|generated]] and migrat
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  • Covenant field
    ...el swell; KU = Kaibab uplift; MU = Monument uplift; WF = Waterpocket fold; A = Absaroka thrust fault. (c) Covenant field locality map of central Utah. F ...2009, [http://player.piksel.com/player.php?v=bl432u69 Conventional Wisdom: A Different Approach Exploration in the Central Utah Thrust Belt]: Audio-Vide
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  • Spontaneous potential logs in water resistivity calculation
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ple of formation water taken from the zone of interest at the well site or a nearby well, or it can be calculated using spontaneous potential (SP) log d
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  • Measurement while drilling
    ...Measurement While Drilling-Formation Logging System service brochure, 2000(A-4/89).</ref>.)]] ...trical energy for the system is provided by a battery pack or generated by a small turbine.
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  • Hydrocarbon column: calculation of maximum height
    ...'<sub>b</sub> is less than ''P''<sub>d</sub>, it would be possible to seal a greater column of hydrocarbons. The height of the [[hydrocarbon column]] (h) in the above equations is a theoretical maximum. The actual height is less because of the effect of the
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  • Archie equation
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...saturation]] (S<sub>w</sub>) of the uninvaded zone in a formation next to a borehole. The Archie equation can be expressed as follows:
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  • East Breaks source rock
    ...161 field have been analyzed by Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29>Dow, W. G., M. A. Yukler, J. T. Senftle, M. C. Kennicutt II, and J. M. Armentrout, 1990, Mio ..., and W. R. Bryant, 1974, Continental margins of the Gulf of Mexico, in C. A. Burk and C. L. Drake, eds., The Geology of Continental Margins: New York,
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  • Phosphatic microfossils
    ...Conodonta: morphology, taxonomy, paleoecology, and evolutionary history of a long-extinct animal phylum: Oxford University Press Monographs on Geology a ...halic] area and may have functioned as teeth.<ref name=ch17r71>Purnell, M. A., 1995, Microwear on conodont elements and macrophagy in the first vertebra
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  • Oil correlation
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...tic relationship exists among a group of oil samples or between an oil and a proposed [[source rock]]. Positive correlations are always useful because t
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  • Economics: global supply and demand
    ...is the amount of a product that producers and firms are willing to sell at a given price when all the other factors are held constant. ...q, among others affect the supply of oil. The economic challenges are also a major hindrance to the supply of oil globally which are also emphasised. Th
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  • Borehole gravity applications: examples
    | author = David A. Chapin, Mark E. Ander ...the log is salt. The sharp difference in density at the arrow is caused by a remote higher [[porosity]] zone not detected by the gamma-gamma density log
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  • Mudlogging: drill cuttings analysis
    ...ings'' are the small pieces of rock that are chipped away by the bit while a well is being drilled. The rock fragments are transported by the mudstream ...they are often the only physical lithological data that are recovered from a well. These data are used as supportive information for subsequent [[show e
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  • Postprimary migration and compositional changes
    ...a maximum probability of interactions. However, if the petroleum moved as a slug or filament, contact with elements that could alter its composition wo ...G Bulletin, vol. 38, p. 816–853.</ref> is achieved by successively filling a sequence of traps in the same formation with oil and gas. As each trap fill
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  • Bioturbation
    ...orosity and permeability. For instance, burrows filled with sand grains in a mud or clay unit could be conduits for fluid flow if connected. Bioturbatio
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  • Nuclear power
    | title = Energy: A Historical Perspective and 21st Century Forecast ...s of hydrogen, on the other hand, can be combined to form larger nuclei in a process called fusion. In both cases, energy is released. Both are consider
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  • Hydrology and sandstone diagenesis
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...0069.htm Diagenetic pathways in sedimentary basins], in A. D. Horbury, and A. G. Robinson, eds., Diagenesis and Basin Development: AAPG Studies in Geol
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  • Production histories
    ...rvoirs. If large risks or large capital expenditures are needed to conduct a project, well testing and simulation can be used to supplement and/or upgra ...plotted versus time. In [[:file:production-histories_fig1.png|Figure 1]], a straight line exists from 6 years to 24 years. This constant decline can be
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  • Migration rate
    ...pulsion rate of hydrocarbons in the source. However, the migration rate of a nonwetting separate phase through barriers like shales is self-adjusting. T ...ort by [[hydrodynamics]] or compaction. If the hydrocarbons are present as a free phase, buoyant forces may be added to the rate. In practice, however,
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  • Fluid-composition trap regime
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster | rowspan = 4 | ''Fluid-composition traps''; Result from a chemical property of the trapped oil or gas. || rowspan = 3 | ''[[Viscosity
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  • Molyneux:sandbox
    *'''Creating a delete marker''' *'''Creating a request for users to add content to an article'''
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  • Influence of depositional environment on sandstone diagenesis
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...ion of sandstone geometry, texture and composition, and fluid flux], in D. A. McDonald, and R. C. Surdam eds., Clastic Diagenesis: AAPG Memoir 37, p. 28
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  • Drive mechanisms and recovery
    ...cterization of the drive mechanism(s) present within a reservoir may allow a greater ultimate recovery of hydrocarbons. Drive mechanisms are determined ...or more of the primary drive mechanisms are present in the same reservoir. A combination drive may also occur when one or more of the primary drive mech
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  • Mowry Shale, Powder River Basin, Wyoming
    ...ing sets. The Mowry Shale is ranges in thickness from 150 to 250 ft and is a significant source rock for the Cretaceous reservoirs in the Powder River B ...lickwater completions designs and two-mile laterals proved the Mowry to be a commercial oil play in their core acreage, renewing interest from basin ope
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  • East Breaks deep-water exploration strategy
    ...pattern maps, preferably using 3-D seismic reflection volumes, results in a higher success rate of finding the closely spaced but laterally discontinuo ...f [[isochron]] thicks basinward of each depositional cycle's shelf edge as a guide.
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  • Mancos Shale Play in New Mexico
    ...for more than 70 years. [[:file:Figure1MancosCommRept.jpg|Figure 1]] shows a type log through the Cretaceous section of the San Juan Basin. * The “Tocito marine bar play” is a halo play, targeting low-quality reservoir adjacent to the conventional Toc
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  • Core handling
    Core handling is a critical phase in the core acquisition process. There are common techniques ...ite core handling. Mud should be wiped off the core or inner barrel to get a good marking surface. Do not wash the core. Washing changes the fluid conte
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  • Oil correlation case history: West Siberian basin
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...n basin]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 78, p. 893–909.</ref> present the results of a fully integrated [[oil–oil and oil–source rock correlation]] study invo
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  • Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS): limitations
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...ach, working with peak ratios and relative proportions, can be better than a visual one, since the eye can be unduly influenced by maturity-related diff
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  • Palynofacies and kerogen analysis
    ...roduced the term ''palynofacies'' to describe the total organic content of a palynological [[Fossil assemblage|assemblage]] (e.g., tracheids, woody tiss ...facies data can be combined with ancillary biostratigraphic information in a sequence-stratigraphic framework to help recognize reservoir–source rock
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  • Tectonic inversion
    A process where extensional normal [[fault]]s are reactivated by [[compressio
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  • Depocenter
    ...eographic location of the thickest part of any specific geographic unit in a depositional basin.<ref name=ch04r37>Gary, M., R. McAfee, Jr., and C. L. Wo ...ion of these depocenters is the second step in basin analysis. Subdividing a depocenter into age-significant units and depositional cycles is the topic
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  • Coal bed methane (UDip)
    ...he system is then called a “dual-porosity reservoir”, one characterized by a complex interaction of the coal matrix and cleat system coupled through the ...est and east—A study in contrasts: An investor’s guide to coalbed methane, A supplement to Oil and Gas Investor, v. 26, no. 12, p. 2-7.</ref>
    10 KB (1,576 words) - 14:42, 2 April 2019
  • Hydrocarbon
    ...nds, the end carbon atoms of an acyclic carbon chain join together to form a ring. Example of such compounds are {cyclo propane, cyclo butane}, {cyclo p ...k and viscous liquid fuel (otherwise called crude oil), and natural gas is a gaseous fuel.
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  • AAPG Wiki:Wikification
    ...ngs you need to do to the Encyclopedia Britannica or a mid-term essay into a Wikipedia article. The main element is formatting using wiki markup. See [[ * Dense linking between articles; this could be done from a detailed table of contents coupled with the index. One problem is the large
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  • Monte Carlo and stochastic simulation methods
    | author = A. G. Journel ...ider_capillary-pressure_1.jpg|Figure 1c]]).<ref name=Journel_1989>Journel, A. G., 1989, Fundamentals of geostatistics in five lessons: Washington D.C.,
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  • Mohorovicic discontinuity
    A zone that separates the Earth's [[crust]] from the underlying [[mantle]]. T
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  • Statistical analysis in oil correlation
    | author = Douglas W. Waples, Joseph A. Curiale ...25–432., 10., 1016/0146-6380(86)90042-2</ref><ref name=ch08r8>Curiale, J., A., 1987, Distribution of transition metals in North Alaskan oils, in Filby,
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  • Seismic data - mapping with two-dimensional data
    ...us two-way traveltime (time sections). Using interpreted time sections and a geographic base map, one can draft structure [[contour]] maps. ...terpreted events tie at the intersections between lines. You may construct a map perfectly, but if the lines are misinterpreted, your map will be mislea
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  • Functions of a petroleum landman
    | chapter = Functions of a petroleum landman The United States and the individual states have followed a legal system based on Roman law, which allows private ownership of oil and
    5 KB (759 words) - 19:25, 19 January 2022
  • Lithofacies analysis
    | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael L. Hendricks Below is a suggested procedure for analyzing lithofacies.
    2 KB (317 words) - 18:52, 4 February 2022
  • Balanced cross sections
    | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...isplayed in a balanced cross section can be incrementally removed to yield a geologically plausible predeformation configuration.
    8 KB (1,060 words) - 15:07, 3 February 2022
  • Methods for obtaining formation fluid pressures
    | author = Edward A. Beaumont, Forrest Fiedler ...uildup tests measure formation fluid pressures. Pressure gauge accuracy is a critical factor in all three tests, but the BHP measurement is generally mo
    2 KB (295 words) - 17:54, 17 February 2022
  • Seal capacity of different rock types
    ...ustrine seals, in Ebanks, J., Kaldi, J., Vavra, C., eds., Seals and Traps: A Multidisciplinary Approach: AAPG Hedberg Research conference, unpublished a Carbonates have a wide range of displacement pressures. Some carbonates can seal as much as 1
    5 KB (760 words) - 20:55, 31 March 2022
  • Sorrento field: water saturation
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...e Morrow Sandstone in Sorrento field, Cheyenne County, Colorado, ''in'' S. A. Sonnenberg, L. T. Shannon, K. Rader, W. F. von Drehle, and G. W. Martin, e
    7 KB (1,044 words) - 16:57, 13 April 2022
  • Sandstone permeability estimation from cuttings
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...r petrophysical permeability indicators. Estimates of the permeability for a particular formation can be extended into areas without data in order to pr
    6 KB (882 words) - 17:19, 6 April 2022
  • Parana-Etendeka CBP
    ...one of the major volcanic events on Earth’s history. It's characterized by a fissural volcanism that occurred in the Early Cretaceous before the Gondwan ...A., 2002, Volcanology and facies architecture of flood basalts, ''in'' M. A. Menzies, S. L. Klemperer, C. J. Ebinger, and J. Baker, eds., Magmatic rift
    6 KB (922 words) - 19:45, 11 April 2019
  • Sea level cycles and carbonate sequences
    | author = Dan J. Hartmann, Edward A. Beaumont ...progradational patterns]]. A parasequence set approximately corresponds to a systems tract and is categorized by its position within [[third-order seque
    7 KB (989 words) - 20:45, 6 April 2022
  • Pressure trap regime
    | author = Richard R. Vincelette, Edward A. Beaumont, Norman H. Foster ...mpartments]] that may define trap boundaries. In addition, the presence of a hydrodynamic gradient can cause tilted [http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.co
    3 KB (331 words) - 16:30, 13 April 2022

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