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• Carbonates
  23 bytes (2 words) - 21:41, 14 April 2014

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• Carbonate
  ...an be determined by [[SEM, XRD, CL, and XF methods|X-Ray Diffractometry]]. Carbonates more rich in calcite and/or aragonite are called [[limestone]]. Carbonate r
  708 bytes (95 words) - 20:42, 7 July 2016
• Reservoir system quality prediction
  ==Sandstones vs. carbonates== ...> compares variables affecting reservoir system quality for sandstones vs. carbonates.
  3 KB (425 words) - 17:11, 5 April 2022
• Carbonate facies
  ...clear, sunlit, and free of suspended clay. When these conditions prevail, carbonates accumulate rapidly.
  3 KB (433 words) - 18:32, 6 April 2022
• Phosphatic microfossils
  ...s, conodonts are most efficiently recovered from the insoluble residues of carbonates dissolved in weak acids or from easily disaggregated [[shale]]s.
  4 KB (496 words) - 18:08, 24 January 2022
• Irati Formation
  ...in a marine ramp system of an inner basin of mixed origin (siliclastic and carbonates), with paralic conditions, alternating with storm dominated conditions. ...es, as thin siliciclastic sediments interbedded with organic rich beds and carbonates. Therefore, grey siltstones and grey bituminous shale layers were preserved
  3 KB (500 words) - 20:53, 4 April 2019
• Cuba: Geology and regional setting
  ...of platform to [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pelagic pelagic] carbonates and [[chert]]s on the south; ...formed [[Motagua fault zone]], in central [[Guatemala]], but similarity to carbonates found in Cuba is uncertain.
  13 KB (1,851 words) - 20:43, 7 July 2016
• Seal capacity of different rock types
  ...0–6000 ft of oil. These better seals are argillaceous limestones and shelf carbonates. In the Gulf Coast basin, shorter oil columns are sealed by grainstones, mu
  5 KB (760 words) - 20:55, 31 March 2022
• Carbonate porosity formation and preservation
  ...e space in the rock now? Which has more impact on [[reservoir quality]] of carbonates: early or late [[diagenesis]]? The interaction of early diagenesis with ori ...07.htm Geologic nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 54, no. 2, p. 207–250. Classic reference for basic
  5 KB (708 words) - 17:27, 5 December 2023
• Sequences during moderate-amplitude, high-frequency cycles
  Characteristics of carbonates deposited in arid zones are as follows:<ref name=ch09r49 /> Following are characteristics of carbonates deposited in humid zones:<ref name=ch09r49 />
  5 KB (674 words) - 21:22, 6 April 2022
• Carbonate diagenetic stages
  ...07.htm Geologic nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 54, no. 2, p. 207–250. Classic reference for basic The '''telogenetic substage''' (late diagenetic) occurs when sedimentary carbonates are raised to the surface and erosion occurs along [[Unconformity|unconform
  6 KB (727 words) - 19:06, 6 April 2022
• Great American carbonate bank
  ...t of core and related rock and reservoir information is available for GACB carbonates.
  5 KB (768 words) - 18:39, 1 August 2016
• Sequences during low-amplitude, high-frequency cycles
  Carbonates deposited in arid zones during greenhouse times generally have the followin Carbonates deposited in humid zones during greenhouse times generally have the followi
  5 KB (708 words) - 21:00, 6 April 2022
• Displacement pressure estimation from sedimentary facies and well logs
  ...andonment siltstones to prodelta and delta-front shales as well as shelfal carbonates. ...e 1]] shows the range of seal capacities for the different facies. Shelfal carbonates and delta-front shales are excellent seals, with displacement pressures > 1
  5 KB (764 words) - 19:46, 31 March 2022
• Midale lithofacies and distribution
  The Midale in the Weyburn area is carbonates and evaporites deposited near a low-energy shoreline on a marine ramp. The ...orous mudstone facies. The beds underlying the Midale vuggy beds are tight carbonates and evaporites.
  6 KB (842 words) - 18:50, 4 December 2023
• Sea level cycles and climate
  ...tly to completely dolomitized. In humid regions where rainfall is greater, carbonates are subject to greater dissolution; therefore, vuggy porosity and [http://w
  7 KB (894 words) - 20:54, 6 April 2022
• Fluid-composition trap regime
  3 KB (402 words) - 16:31, 13 April 2022
• Postaccumulation cementation
  ...). In low-permeability [[tight gas reservoirs: evaluation|tight sands]] or carbonates, the capillary [[displacement pressure]] in the reservoir rock may approach
  3 KB (430 words) - 15:35, 1 February 2022
• Rate of penetration
  Shales generally drill slower than sandstones or carbonates, and as a result, ROP logs tend to reflect indirectly the lithology of the ...e and comparing that to the ROP in a known sandstone interval. Porosity in carbonates is inferred by comparing the relatively slow ROP in rocks having low matrix
  7 KB (1,049 words) - 19:02, 20 January 2022
• Total organic carbon (TOC)
  ...troleum generation|Generation]] potential || Wt % TOC, shales || Wt % TOC, carbonates
  3 KB (428 words) - 16:33, 13 April 2022
• Log interpretation: initial quick scan
  4 KB (543 words) - 14:11, 21 August 2014
• Depositional trap regime
  ...'Marine carbonate reservoirs'' || rowspan = 2 | ''Open-shelf (high-energy) carbonates'' || rowspan = 2 | ''Shoal'' || colspan = 4 | ''Oolite'' | ''Tidal-zone carbonates'' || colspan = 5 | ''Tidal channel''
  10 KB (1,231 words) - 20:28, 4 January 2024
• Reservoir quality
  | colspan = 2 align=center | Carbonates |+ {{table number|2}}Common cements of sandstones and carbonates
  18 KB (2,514 words) - 17:47, 21 January 2022
• Pore system shapes
  ...07.htm Geologic nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 54, no. 2, p. 207–250. Classic reference for basic
  4 KB (528 words) - 13:53, 4 April 2022
• Diagenetic trap regime
  ...s is a classic case in point. Dolomitized reefs and dolomitized tidal-flat carbonates are common oil and gas reservoirs. Although [[Carbonate_reservoir_models:_f
  5 KB (645 words) - 16:14, 13 April 2022
• Tethys region
  ...rvoirs in the UAE were charged from what source? Were the Permian Triassic carbonates in Southern Fars and its contiguous offshore charged by much older source r ...asins were commonly bordered by shallow-water [[carbonate]]s and filled by carbonates and siliciclastics, including deposition of widespread organic rich sedimen
  23 KB (3,325 words) - 14:52, 1 August 2016
• Silurian Qusaiba shales
  ...onal seals for the [[Unayzah reservoir]]s are the transgressive shales and carbonates of the basal [[Khuff Formation]]. The Khuff reservoirs are sealed by the ev
  18 KB (2,569 words) - 22:50, 8 January 2019
• Micropermeable seal leakage
  ...to their present contacts. Marginal seal lithologies such as argillaceous carbonates or silt-stone are more likely to suffer micropermeable leakage than accumul
  5 KB (742 words) - 17:11, 1 February 2022
• Carbonate diagenesis
  In nonvuggy carbonates, [[permeability]] and [[Capillary pressure|capillary properties]] are a fun ...ghest gamma ray activity. However, the level of gamma ray activity in some carbonates ([[dolostones]] in particular) is not related to particle size because of t
  23 KB (3,026 words) - 20:48, 19 January 2022
• Stimulation
  ...an be stimulated by hydraulic (proppant) fracturing, including sandstones, carbonates, cherts, and shales. The main requirements for success in fracturing a well Acid fracturing is confined to the stimulation of carbonates. Acid fracturing is not useful for stimulating sandstone formations because
  24 KB (3,633 words) - 13:55, 24 January 2022
• Preparing to go to the field
  ...use “classic localities” worldwide in your quest for data. For example, if carbonates are your exploration target, the modern reefs in the Bahamas or the ancient
  5 KB (730 words) - 22:36, 1 February 2022
• Cuba: Geologic history
  Shallow-water platform carbonates, with some evaporites, continued to accumulate in the north (coastal area, ...d Neocomian beds were only partially eroded. In western Cuba, shallow-bank carbonates, similar to those of the [[Vinas Group|Vinas* Group]], accumulated atop the
  30 KB (4,263 words) - 22:00, 23 January 2019
• Log analysis: lithology
  * Carbonates ===Carbonates and evaporites===
  25 KB (3,189 words) - 17:24, 18 January 2022
• Selecting a surficial geochemistry survey method
  ...diagenetic anomalies || Hydrocarbon-oxidizing microbes, soil salts (i.e., carbonates, chloride, iodine, sulfate, etc.); clay minerals; trace metals; [[Wikipedia
  6 KB (809 words) - 17:05, 25 January 2022
• Carbonate reservoir
  ==Carbonates are different from sandstones== ...ents. Consequently, uniform grain sorting is not a major characteristic of carbonates. There can be a great diversity of [[grain size]]s and shapes in most carbo
  38 KB (5,571 words) - 15:31, 16 January 2024
• Displacement pressure estimation from pore size
  ...trographic/physical analysis of some carbonate grainstones and packstones: Carbonates Evaporites, volume 3, 17–32.</ref><ref name=ch10r53>Macdonald, I F., P. K
  5 KB (766 words) - 22:55, 2 February 2016
• Petrophysical analysis of lithofacies
  ...ter or completely change the original pore space of a rock, especially for carbonates. However, if the original pore space is not altered too much, then a relati
  6 KB (763 words) - 18:53, 4 February 2022
• Libya hydrocarbon provinces
  ...ntary section with hydrocarbon potential. Devonian sandstones and Tertiary carbonates contain natural gas.
  17 KB (2,361 words) - 16:19, 30 January 2017
• Sandstone permeability estimation from cuttings
  ...), procedures could just as easily be developed to predict permeability of carbonates from cuttings.
  6 KB (882 words) - 17:19, 6 April 2022
• Carbonate sedimentary rocks classification
  * F. Jerry Lucia. Estimating Permeability in Carbonates Using the Rock-Fabric Method. Bureau of Economic Geology. https://www.beg.u ...ne). Diagenetic evolution and associated mineralization of Middle Devonian carbonates, southwestern Ontario, Canada. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/f
  16 KB (1,986 words) - 14:09, 19 December 2023
• Quick-look lithology from logs
  ...undaries between shale beds and permeable beds. In relatively tight rocks (carbonates, [[evaporite]]s, etc.), the SP wanders aimlessly, with no sharp usable defl ====Carbonates====
  25 KB (3,637 words) - 19:39, 18 January 2022
• Fracture threshold in the real world
  ...tribution in the sediment column and seal risk. A facies change from dense carbonates to less dense siliciclastics changes the overburden stress gradient. A high
  6 KB (930 words) - 15:49, 30 March 2022
• Dolomite and dolomitization: Implications for reservoir characterization
  ...stone. (B) Carbonate mud has been partially (50%) altered to dolomite. (C) Carbonates with 90% dolomite and 10% precursor micritic matrix. (D) and (E) Partial or ...se crystalline dolomite), as reported by Vinci et al. (2017) in Cretaceous carbonates of Southern Apennines (southern Italy) (Fig. 10a). Nodular dolomite patches
  38 KB (4,996 words) - 21:07, 21 April 2022
• Oil correlation case history: Zala basin, Hungary
  ...s, may be older than Late Cretaceous, although oleanane is often absent in carbonates due to lack of terrestrial input.
  7 KB (1,092 words) - 13:46, 16 February 2022
• Sea level cycles and carbonate sequences
  ...ion events, and sequence stratigraphy of Middle to Upper Cambrian platform carbonates, Bonanza King Formation, southern Great Basin], in R. G. Loucks and J. F.
  7 KB (989 words) - 20:45, 6 April 2022
• Flow units for reservoir characterization
  ...erlake (Silurian) facies analogs of recent low-energy marine and subaerial carbonates, Bahamas]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 51, n. 10, p. 1979–2032.</ref>
  16 KB (2,282 words) - 20:46, 19 January 2022
• Tectonostratigraphic history
  ...dary of differential subsidence between thin and thick crust. Fine-grained carbonates were deposited in the adjacent deep basin. Terrigenous clastics continued t
  7 KB (1,044 words) - 16:34, 22 February 2022
• Petroleum basins of Turkey
  ...arine–lagoonal environment. It begins with the deposition of shallow water carbonates deepening upward and grading into deeper marine carbonate containing phosph ...s and Miocene thrusting, fracturing was developed within the mud dominated carbonates.
  52 KB (7,769 words) - 20:28, 18 January 2017
• Well log analysis for reservoir characterization
  ...an be classified as sandstone (if the gamma ray value is low to medium) or carbonates (if the gamma ray value is very low). The last one is the density log (RHOB ...fluid. Second, the gamma ray response, the usual reservoir are sandstone, carbonates, or shaly-sandstone, a formation with very high gamma ray response usually
  25 KB (3,679 words) - 21:17, 13 March 2019
• Depositional sequence analysis of plays
  ...ction were deposited during maximum highstand of the Ismay (Pennsylvanian) carbonates. The facies are superimposed on an isopach map of the highstand systems tra
  8 KB (1,184 words) - 20:44, 4 February 2022
• Rock quality
  ...ality in terms of flow efficiency of a reservoir sample. When clastics and carbonates are deposited, they have a close correlation of particle size to the K<sub>
  10 KB (1,534 words) - 16:53, 4 April 2022
• The Neuquén Basin: Sequence Stratigraphy of Vaca Muerta Formation
  ...arine sediments that can be correlated laterally to slope and platform top carbonates and siliciclastics of the Quintuco Formation to the east and the Picun Lefe ...ly [[Cenozoic]] succession includes continental and marine siliciclastics, carbonates and evaporites that accumulated under a variety of basin styles.<ref name=V
  16 KB (2,490 words) - 15:32, 8 January 2021
• Organic compounds: environmental indicators
  ...tions of the C₃₂–C₃₅ homohopanes are associated with carbonates<ref name=ch08r59 /> and/or more reducing conditions.<ref name=ch08r39 /> Un ...ricyclics and tetracyclics may also be used for correlation—especially for carbonates, where the tetracyclics are most abundant.
  22 KB (3,123 words) - 21:39, 15 February 2022
• Sandstone sedimentology and stratigraphy
  ...ots of porosity versus total carbonates (a), and permeability versus total carbonates (b) for the sandstones in the study area. After Luo Jinglan<ref name=Jngln/ ...iagenetic [[quartz]] cement and homogeneously distributed early diagenetic carbonates in sandstones weakened part of the mechanical compactional effect, and henc
  27 KB (3,802 words) - 19:32, 9 January 2024
• Dolomite
  ...ite: Jour. Geology, v. 64, p. 173-186.</ref> as "single-phase rhombohedral carbonates which deviate from the composition of the dolomite that is stable in a give
  9 KB (1,409 words) - 19:14, 3 March 2016
• Borehole imaging devices
  ...nformity at contact (arrow) of Cretaceous clastic rocks with Mississippian carbonates.
  10 KB (1,313 words) - 16:24, 18 January 2022
• China Shale Gas & Liquids - Bohai Bay Basin
  ...ainly consists of interbedded layers of felsic shale, calcareous shale and carbonates. The Ek2 shale is in overall good-very good source rock containing Type I-I
  8 KB (1,251 words) - 15:51, 14 March 2022
• Thin section analysis
  ....htm Geological nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 54, p. 207–250.</ref> ....htm Geological nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 54, p. 207–250.</ref> and by evaluating the degree to
  24 KB (3,264 words) - 15:09, 24 January 2022
• Porosity
  ...ty values generally vary from 10 to 40% in sandstones and from 5 to 25% in carbonates.<ref name=pt05r36>Coneybeare, C. E. B., 1967, Influence of compaction on st ....htm Geological nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 54, p. 207–250.</ref> fabric selective, not fabric se
  24 KB (3,450 words) - 19:09, 20 January 2022
• SEM, XRD, CL, and XF methods
  ...to activator. Sensitizer and quencher ion content or lattice defect. || In carbonates, color zoning can be related to complex Eh-pH history. In clastics, lattice
  11 KB (1,477 words) - 15:25, 24 January 2022
• Core description
  ....htm Geological nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 54, p. 207–250.</ref> is recommended. For siliciclast
  13 KB (1,786 words) - 20:50, 19 January 2022
• Shale-oil resource systems
  ...aposed (overlying, underlying, or interbedded) organic-lean rocks, such as carbonates. Systems such as the Bakken and Niobrara formations with juxtaposed organic ...of gas in various shale-gas resource systems. Organic-lean rocks, such as carbonates, sands, or silts, may have much lower oil contents, but only limited retent
  97 KB (14,873 words) - 19:53, 11 January 2024
• Super basins
  ...They are characterized by organic rich shales or tight (low permeability) carbonates and sandstones, and they were previously only considered to work as source ...of cumulative oil as of 2005 with main plays associated with shallow water carbonates and deep-water sandstones on stratigraphic traps.<ref name=Duttonetal_2005
  27 KB (3,791 words) - 19:35, 11 October 2022
• Iraq petroleum geology
  ...and Paleogene carbonates and [[siliciclastic]]s, in Jurassic and Triassic carbonates, and in Ordovician siliciclastics. ...gas that have been discovered were generated from organic-rich, oil-prone carbonates of the Jurassic Sargelu and Naokelekan Formations. These source rocks are w
  78 KB (7,926 words) - 16:25, 30 January 2017
• Pressure detection
  ...ve stress in the rocks. In Western Alberta, large thicknesses of Paleozoic carbonates have been thrust over soft Cretaceous shales, resulting in overpressuring o
  16 KB (2,450 words) - 21:42, 20 January 2022
• Reservoir
  Dolomite formed by processes of calcite dolomitization from other carbonates (e.g. limestone). Dolomitization occurred not long after the process of sed
  14 KB (2,134 words) - 16:48, 26 March 2019
• Subsurface diagenesis and its relation with diagenetic trap on carbonate rocks reservoir
  ...07.htm Geologic nomenclature and classification of porosity in sedimentary carbonates]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 54, pp. 200-207</ref> terminology, carbonate porosity
  16 KB (2,395 words) - 21:18, 9 January 2024
• Organic facies
  ...sser quality or by partial degradation. Organic facies AB is found in both carbonates and shales. One example is the Upper Jurassic marine source rocks of Saudi
  17 KB (2,472 words) - 17:39, 13 April 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: elements and processes
  ...> They are composed of sandstone, siltstone, and, to a much lesser degree, carbonates; the only occurrence of a BCGA carbonate reservoir is in the Sichuan basin
  20 KB (2,949 words) - 18:24, 6 April 2016
• Mudstones
  ...and their relevance for the micrite problem and the deposition of ancient carbonates: AAPG Search and Discovery article #90142.</ref><ref>Schieber, J., O. R. La
  16 KB (2,352 words) - 18:46, 4 December 2023
• Influence of mechanical stratigraphy on deformation styles
  ...H., Holland, M., Urai, J., Loosveld, R., 2009, Evolution of Fault Zones in Carbonates with Mechanical Stratigraphy-Insights from Scale Models using Layered Cohes
  23 KB (3,162 words) - 17:28, 5 December 2023
• Great American carbonate bank, biostratigraphy
  ...zones within the [[Upper Cambrian]] and the [[Lower Ordovician]] platform carbonates of Laurentia with references to articles that describe taxonomic and biostr ...nt tool in zonation and correlation of the Middle and the Upper Ordovician carbonates because of pronounced biofacies- to province-level differentiation that dev
  58 KB (8,121 words) - 16:35, 1 August 2016
• Permeability
  ...tation, clay content, bedding, and grain size distribution and sorting. In carbonates, permeability is a function of the degree of mineral alteration (such as do
  19 KB (2,716 words) - 19:02, 20 January 2022
• Capillary pressure
  ...distribution determined by mercury porosimetry and by direct observation: Carbonates and Evaporites, v. 3, p. 1-15.</ref> Results suggest that the higher the in
  23 KB (3,315 words) - 16:59, 19 January 2022
• Phanerozoic Tethys region
  ...laeontology, v. 45, p. 267–295.</ref> the accumulation of great volumes of carbonates in the pre-Hirnantian late Ordovician served as the sink of the atmospheric ...ent-day northern Africa,<ref name=Guiraudandbosworth_1999 /> whereas shelf carbonates were deposited on most of the eastern to southern Arabia. The latter, borde
  79 KB (11,542 words) - 18:47, 19 July 2016
• West Texas Super Basin
  ...the red beds were thick were the lower structural positions in the Permian carbonates<ref name=Kng1977 />. So Harper, after Udden<ref name=Uddn1915 />, obtained ...asin<ref name=Duttn2005a />. Most are shallow-marine shelf to shelf-margin carbonates<ref name=Duttn2005a /><ref name=Gally /><ref name=Handfrd>Handford, C. R.,
  157 KB (23,278 words) - 18:36, 16 January 2024
• Subsurface maps
  ...ef name=pt06r99>Phipps, G. G., 1989, Exploring for dolomitized Slave Point carbonates in northeastern British Columbia: Geophysics, v. 54, n. 7, p. 806–814, DO
  22 KB (3,076 words) - 13:56, 24 January 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: examples
  * Seals: The top seal is interpreted to be the shales, carbonates, and evaporites in the overlying Upper Silurian.<ref name=Drozdandcole_1994
  25 KB (3,445 words) - 19:01, 14 March 2016
• Introduction to biosteering operation
  ...ng subsequently deep marine clastics in the late Paleocene and deep marine carbonates in the Late Cretaceous.<ref name=Jonesetal_2005>Jones, R. W., Lowe, S., Mil
  20 KB (2,916 words) - 21:04, 21 April 2022
• Drill stem testing
  ...packer seat. Packer seats are generally located in competent sandstones or carbonates above the test interval or both above and below it. The packer seat is pick
  26 KB (4,009 words) - 15:09, 24 January 2022
• Depositional environments
  ...ents are common. There are many ions that are abundant in lake, but mostly carbonates are the most present. The evaporite deposits contain many evaporite mineral
  26 KB (3,851 words) - 20:38, 28 February 2019
• Iran petroleum systems
  27 KB (3,901 words) - 13:51, 26 January 2017
• Shale-gas resource systems
  ...f organic-lean interbedded or juxtaposed nonclay lithofacies, for example, carbonates, silts, sands, or calcareous and argillaceous lime mudstones. As such, thes ...s additional matrix storage capacity in intimately associated (juxtaposed) carbonates.
  73 KB (10,728 words) - 18:16, 11 January 2024
• Data: sources
  ...ing the reservoir characteristics for the more complex lithologies such as carbonates.
  43 KB (6,686 words) - 13:44, 18 March 2019
• Faults: structural geology
  ...that faults can conduct flow along the fault plane. Brittle rocks such as carbonates are more likely to contain conductive faults by comparison to shallow burie
  63 KB (9,496 words) - 16:51, 15 January 2024