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  • Geostatic and lithostatic pressure
    ...ty (sandstone and shale = 2.65 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, limestone = 2.71 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) * ρ<sub>w</sub> = weighted average of pore-water density (g/cm<sup>3</sup>)
    3 KB (402 words) - 14:47, 16 February 2022
  • Free water level determination using pressure
    # Calculate downdip length of [[hydrocarbon column]] (''h''): As an example, let's determine the downdip length of a 30°API oil column with the following givens:
    3 KB (463 words) - 17:54, 17 February 2022
  • Buoyancy pressures and hydrocarbon presence
    ...ravity|gravity oil]], and the total vertical trap closure is [[length::500 ft]]. ...mb|freshwater gradient]]). Vertical trap [[closure]] is only [[length::500 ft]]; therefore, the measured formation pressure does not match the geology an
    3 KB (387 words) - 18:56, 16 February 2022
  • Midale seal capacity and trap type
    ...rom producing wells at Weyburn and nearby Steelman fields is [[length::600 ft]]. We are left with two possible conclusions: ...]] [[depth::(60 m]]), then the total column could not exceed [[length::300 ft]] [[depth::(90 m]]).
    5 KB (723 words) - 17:02, 12 April 2022
  • Magnetics: interpreting residual maps
    ...tary section in a new basin, i.e., in determining whether it is 2, 5, or [[length::10 km]] thick, for example, to a usual accuracy of about ±15% under favor ...roximately 3.6 km (12,000 ft) thick and basement lies about 3.8 km (12,500 ft) beneath flight level.]]
    8 KB (1,109 words) - 17:41, 24 January 2022
  • Stratigraphic trap seals
    ...:exploring-for-stratigraphic-traps_fig21-3.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|3}}Map and cross section of Raven Creek field.]] [[:file:exploring-for-stratigraphic-traps_fig21-3.png|Figure 3]] shows a map and [[cross section]] of Raven Creek field.
    5 KB (632 words) - 20:26, 3 February 2022
  • Seal capacity of different rock types
    ...onmanga Basin, Australia: Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 3–13., 10., 1016/0264-8172(93)90095-A</ref> Khrushin (1993), and Shea et al * Most good sands can trap only [[length::50 ft]] or less of oil column.
    5 KB (760 words) - 20:55, 31 March 2022
  • Spontaneous potential logs in water resistivity calculation
    ...ion is necessary if the zone SP is measured from is less than [[length::20 ft]] thick.) ==Step 3: convert r<sub>mf</sub> to r<sub>mf eq</sub>==
    6 KB (1,027 words) - 16:40, 5 April 2022
  • Mudlogging: the mudlog
    ===Track 3: depth annotation=== ...in.]] to [[length::100 ft]] (1:600) and [[length::5 in.]] to [[length::100 ft]] (1:240). This track also includes the location (depth or interval) of the
    5 KB (752 words) - 15:39, 24 January 2022
  • Vertical and lateral seismic resolution and attenuation
    ...al-and-lateral-seismic-resolution-and-attenuation_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Seismic response of a wedge pinchout. ...be to allow distinguishable reflections from the bed's top and bottom. The length (in time) of seismic wavelets produces confusion because successive reflect
    8 KB (1,164 words) - 20:24, 21 January 2022
  • Cased hole tools
    | Gamma ray || [[length::2 ft]] || [[length::12 in]] || Well-to-well correlation and estimates ''V''<sub>sh</sub> || Af
    10 KB (1,427 words) - 16:26, 18 January 2022
  • Conventional coring
    ...::1.5 ft]] for short radius horizontal wells to greater than [[length::400 ft]] for vertical holes. ! Inner Barrel || Core Length (ft) || Special Features
    13 KB (1,885 words) - 20:49, 19 January 2022
  • Borehole gravity
    ...ma-gamma [[density log]]. The broader difference anomaly observed over the length of the logged interval is explained by the structural influence of the reef ...ttp://store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=545 AAPG Treatise of Petroleum Geology 3], p. 15-15,</ref> It is practically unaffected by near-borehole influences,
    10 KB (1,517 words) - 15:54, 20 January 2022
  • Petrophysical analysis of Sorrento field wells
    ...ones that are wet but too tight to produce. Between these are [[length::30 ft]] [[depth::(8.5 m]]) of mesoto macroporous sandstone (flow units 1-4). Subsea elevation of –1,030 ft (–314 m) is marked in the depth track.
    7 KB (956 words) - 17:24, 11 April 2022
  • Displacement pressure: theory vs. reality
    ...ld in the Tar Springs Formation reservoir is [[length::29 m]] [[depth::(95 ft]]). ...onmanga Basin, Australia: Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 3–13., 10., 1016/0264-8172(93)90095-A</ref> [[:file:evaluating-top-and-faul
    4 KB (587 words) - 13:36, 1 April 2022
  • Water resistivity determination
    ...le:determination-of-water-resistivity_fig3.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|3}}Log used in example of calculation of water resistivity. Copyright: the SP * If the bed was too thin for the SP to develop fully (beds thinner than 20 ft), the appropriate correction is applied from the charts.
    13 KB (2,077 words) - 17:26, 18 January 2022
  • Static gas pressure gradient estimation
    file:formation-fluid-pressure-and-its-application_fig5-10.png|{{figure number|3}}Estimate gas density. From Schowalter;<ref name=Schowalter1979 /> courtesy ...om [[:file:formation-fluid-pressure-and-its-application_fig5-10.png|Figure 3]].
    7 KB (979 words) - 15:24, 17 February 2022
  • Sampling for paleontology
    ...ch joint of drill pipe added to the drill string (i.e., every [[length::30 ft]], or 9 m) and represents an amalgamated sample of the rocks penetrated in ...ch joint of drill pipe added to the drill string (i.e., every [[length::30 ft]], or 9 m). However, the geologist can specify a different interval if nece
    7 KB (1,051 words) - 18:08, 24 January 2022
  • Borehole gravity applications: examples
    ...gamma-gamma density log. The broader difference anomaly observed over the length of the interval is explained by the influence of the entire reef complex. ...ity-in-petroleum-exploration_fig15-14.png|left|300px|thumb|{{figure number|3}}Synthetic model of the configuration of a theoretical drawdown gas cone ar
    11 KB (1,596 words) - 18:08, 24 January 2022
  • Offshore rigs
    offshore-rigs_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Semisubmersible rigs, (a) Pontoon type semisubmersible. (b) Twin hull semi A ''barge rig'' is designed to work in shallow water (less than [[length::20 ft]] deep). The rig is floated to the drillsite, and the lower hull is sunk to
    7 KB (1,016 words) - 16:56, 20 January 2022
  • Checkshots and vertical seismic profiles
    file:checkshots-and-vertical-seismic-profiles_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}The source position (A or B) should be chosen so that the travel path to e ...distance of [[depth::200 ft|200]], [[depth::500 ft|500]], or [[depth::1000 ft]] (61, 152, or 305 m) to record the checkshot, or vertical traveltime, at s
    11 KB (1,599 words) - 20:48, 19 January 2022
  • Seismic data acquisition on land
    file:seismic-data-acquisition-on-land_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Vibrator truck in a simple “in line” array. (Photo. Copyright: Western ...e dynamite in “shot holes” ranging in depth from 10 to [[length::300 ft]] (3 to 100 m) and primacord in trenches covered by a few inches of soil. Howeve
    10 KB (1,389 words) - 16:20, 20 January 2022
  • Open hole tools
    | rowspan = 3 | Correlation and lithology || Spontaneous potential | rowspan = 3 | Resistivity || Induction
    23 KB (3,350 words) - 17:26, 18 January 2022
  • Migration rate calculation
    * R = rate of migration (m<sup>3</sup>/sec) * P<sub>grad</sub> = pore pressure gradient (Pa) (use 4.5 psi/ft if not available)
    4 KB (618 words) - 19:40, 14 February 2022
  • Buoyancy pressure
    ...hat is a function of the density difference between the two fluids and the length of the less-dense fluid column. * ρ<sub>w</sub> = density of water, g/cm<sup>3</sup>
    4 KB (596 words) - 18:37, 17 February 2022
  • Artificial lift
    artificial-lift_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Hydraulic piston pump.<ref name=pt09r5 /> ...wells that must lift high volumes of fluids from less than [[depth::10,000 ft]] deep. ESPs are often used in the late stages of [[waterflooding]] where h
    7 KB (1,094 words) - 20:47, 19 January 2022
  • Displacement pressure estimation from sedimentary facies and well logs
    ...of 80–90 psia (air-mercury<sup>o</sup> and capable of trapping only 90–100 ft of oil. ...i]] (air–mercury) and can trap more than [[length::300 m]] [[depth::(1,000 ft]]) of oil. Lacustrine and overbank facies contain some [[siltstone]]s that
    5 KB (764 words) - 19:46, 31 March 2022
  • Water saturation distribution in a reservoir
    ...cting-reservoir-system-quality-and-performance_fig9-42.png|{{figure number|3}}Empirical ternary diagram for estimating height above free water, pore typ ...e height above free water for the flow unit is approximately [[length::100 ft]]. Assumptions for the diagram include 30°API [[gravity]] oil, saline form
    5 KB (687 words) - 17:09, 5 April 2022
  • Setting and structure of the Sorrento field
    ...small structural [[nose]] and [[closure]]. The oil column is [[length::70 ft]] [[depth::(20 m]]) and exceeds structural closure. This is a combination [ [[Category:Treatise Handbook 3]]
    3 KB (429 words) - 14:19, 11 April 2022
  • Wellbore trajectory
    wellbore-trajectory_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Directional well design example: build and hold. ...d “build and hold” is shown in [[:file:wellbore-trajectory_fig3.png|Figure 3]]. A borehole inclination of at least 15° is desirable since it is harder
    14 KB (2,167 words) - 20:46, 19 January 2022
  • Seismic data: building a stratigraphic model
    ...sufficient for event identification and [[3-D seismic data: the data cube|3-D seismic data]] calibration. [[Category:Treatise Handbook 3]]
    5 KB (805 words) - 19:06, 27 January 2022
  • Fluid contacts
    ...ectly determines fluid contacts by measuring recovered fluids || rowspan = 3 | Direct measure of fluid contact || Rarely closely spaced, so contacts mus ...ter surface]] from inflections in pressure versus depth curve || rowspan = 3 | Little affected by lithology or [[Production problems#Water-gas coning|co
    19 KB (2,690 words) - 21:20, 19 January 2022
  • Rock quality
    ...oir-system-quality-and-performance_fig9-18.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|3}}Capillary pressure curve and pore throat size histogram. Modified from Dov ...ile:predicting-reservoir-system-quality-and-performance_fig9-18.png|Figure 3]] illustrate Pittman's point.
    10 KB (1,534 words) - 16:53, 4 April 2022
  • Utica Shale, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Kentucky
    TOC is highest in the organic rich Point Pleasant interval ranging from 3% to 12%. The TOC increases to the east and to the southeast. This same inte ...a superlateral in shorter amount of time and for less money than the 6500 ft. laterals it drilled earlier.
    3 KB (542 words) - 22:36, 4 March 2022
  • Marine seismic data acquisition
    ...k-to-peak pressure'', which is often quoted in pressure units of bars at [[length::1 m]] (bar meters). Another measure of the performance of the array is the ...s common to put two, three, or four groups in a cable ''section'' (75 to [[length::100 m]] long), which is a unit with connectors at each end. When a section
    13 KB (2,015 words) - 18:24, 21 January 2022
  • Drill stem testing
    ===Length of test interval=== The length of the test interval should be short so that less mud will be displaced fro
    26 KB (4,009 words) - 15:09, 24 January 2022
  • East Breaks reservoir rock
    file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-47.png|{{figure number|3}}Seismic reflection profile showing the ''Glob alt'' reservoir interval. Af ...t Breaks depocenter ([[:file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-47.png|Figure 3]]). Subsequent [[Depocenter#Sediment_supply_rate_and_facies_patterns|progra
    13 KB (1,771 words) - 17:24, 5 December 2023
  • Stimulation
    stimulation_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Flow to fractured well is linear to fracture, followed by flow that is dow ...wellbore with minimal flow resistance ([[:file:stimulation_fig3.png|Figure 3]]). The success of this operation depends upon the conductivity of the hydr
    24 KB (3,633 words) - 13:55, 24 January 2022
  • Identifying depositional sequences from biostratigraphic data
    ...y Ragan, Mobil Exploration and Producing US). The core hole is [[length::0.3 mi]] to the west of the seismic reflection profile shown in [[:file:sedimen ...e high-abundance interval of ''G. menardii'' between 190 and [[length::320 ft]] (58 and 98 m). In contrast, the stratigraphic intervals of ''G. menardii'
    9 KB (1,143 words) - 14:57, 23 February 2022
  • Facies map
    ...osits of the Lombardian Basin; 2 = Friuli and Bagnolo carbonate platforms; 3 = resedimented oolitic deposits of the Vajont [[Limestone]] (the arrow indi file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-29.png|{{figure number|3}}Biofacies maps of the study area in the Gulf of Mexico. After Armentrout.<
    15 KB (2,070 words) - 20:34, 7 July 2016
  • East Breaks hydrocarbon migration model
    ...flow regimes of the Louisiana Gulf Coast above a depth of [[depth::20,000 ft]] (6096 m). The uppermost regime consists of low-salinity, meteoric water d ...sediment/salt interface laterally into sand-rich carrier beds (2). Pathway 3 consists of a fault intersection of either pathway 1 or 2 and the vertical
    10 KB (1,376 words) - 16:00, 23 March 2022
  • Relating traps to paleogeography
    ...roduce from the ''Glob alt'' sandstones and the ''Glob alt'' sandstone 200-ft (60-m) isopach. file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-42.png|{{figure number|3}}Structural elements that define the East Breaks 160-161 minibasin, which i
    11 KB (1,482 words) - 15:47, 21 March 2022
  • Structural exploration: thrust belt example
    [[file:exploring-for-structural-traps_fig20-6.jpg|thumb|300px|{{figure number|3}}Satellite image.]] ...the one shown in [[:file:exploring-for-structural-traps_fig20-6.jpg|Figure 3]]. Individual major thrust sheets were defined across the belt as well as t
    14 KB (1,897 words) - 20:01, 3 February 2022
  • Petroleum exploration
    UGM_Petroleum_Exploration_Fig_3.png|{{figure number|3}}Hydrocarbon reservoir with no gas cap (oil and water zones only; Source: S ...nt. Some of field parameters are maximum [[offset]], minimum offset, array length, group interval, and number of channel. Other field parameters sometimes ar
    15 KB (2,331 words) - 19:12, 17 April 2019
  • Full waveform acoustic logging
    ...ceiver spacing is longer, on the order of [[length::10 ft]] (3.05 m); and (3) the receiver is commonly an array consisting of four to twelve phones. ...ed and digitized, with the typical digitization interval being 5 μsec. The length of the time window recorded varies from 2 to 10 msec, depending on the sour
    10 KB (1,530 words) - 20:47, 19 January 2022
  • Types of wells
    ...of keeping it substantially within the reservoir target until the desired length of horizontal penetration is reached ([[:File:M91Figure161.JPG|Figure 1]]). ...teered back into the target horizon again ([[:File:M91Figure163.JPG|Figure 3]]).
    22 KB (3,567 words) - 17:20, 11 March 2019
  • Core description
    ...hives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/study63/APPENDIX3/APPENDIX3.HTM Appendix 3], in S. C. Ruppel, ed., Anatomy of a giant carbonate reservoir: Fullerton C ...gh. Usually a scale of [[length::1 in]] = [[length::5 ft]] or [[length::10 ft]] is appropriate.
    13 KB (1,786 words) - 20:50, 19 January 2022
  • Well types
    ...of keeping it substantially within the reservoir target until the desired length of horizontal penetration is reached ([[:file:M91Figure161.JPG|Figure 1]]). ...ontal wells]: Journal of Petroleum Technology, SPE 29242, v. 46, no. 1, p. 3-12.</ref> A catalog of expected log responses, as they would appear in a ho
    24 KB (3,753 words) - 19:33, 3 March 2016
  • Land rigs
    ...he ''kelly bushing'' (9) and kelly. The ''kelly'' is a square or hexagonal length of pipe that is screwed on the drill pipe and used to convey the rotary mov ...led ''treble derricks''. Part way up the derrick are the ''monkey board'' (3) and ''[[pipe finger]]s''. The derrickman handles the top end of each stand
    12 KB (2,020 words) - 16:19, 20 January 2022
  • Workovers
    ...[:file:workovers_fig1.png|Figure 1]]. The production casing is only 5 to [[length::9 in.]] in diameter, and it has been run into a corkscrew-shaped hole that workovers_fig3.png|{{figure number|3}}Casing repair via squeeze cementing.
    12 KB (1,834 words) - 15:25, 24 January 2022

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