Search results

...nal pressure compartment of the Anadarko basin. From Al-Shaieb et al.;<ref>Al-Shaieb, Z., J. O. Puckette, A. A. Abdalla, and P. B. Ely, 1995b, [http://ar ...nadarko regional pressure compartment. Modified from Al-Shaieb et al.;<ref>Al-Shaieb, Z., J. O. Puckette, A. A. Abdalla, and P. B. Ely, 1995a, [http://ar

* Ahmed Al Hawaj and Saleh Al Qahtani [[Structural restoration]] * Asma Al Ahmadi and Rowa Tawfiq [[Condensate banking effect]]

...ressure compartment from the Anadarko basin of Oklahoma. From Al-Shaieb et al.;<ref name=AlShaieb1995a /> courtesy AAPG.]] ...order compartments. Modified from Al-Shaieb et al.;<ref name=AlShaieb1995a>Al-Shaieb, Z., J. O. Puckette, A. A. Abdalla, and P. B. Ely, 1995a, [http://ar

...is less than the 7 billion barrels of oil originally estimated by John et al. (1997). ...he upper portion represents highstand and regression (Liu, 2005; Lowery et al., 2017).

...kover microbial reef, Appleton field, Alabama, USA. Figure from Mancini et al.<ref>Mancini, E. A., D. J. Benson, B. S. Hart, R. S. Balch, W. C. Parcell, Reef2.png|{{figure number|2}}Modern reef, US Virgin Islands. From Zitello et al.<ref>Zitello, A. G., L. J. Bauer, T. A. Battista, P. W. Mueller, M. S. Kend

...|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Reflection configurations. From Mitchum et al.;<ref name=ch21r31 /> courtesy AAPG.]] ...reflector patterns that help interdepositional systems. After Mitchum, et al.<ref name=ch21r31>Mitchum, R., M., Vail, P., R., Sangree, J., B., 1977, [ht

...on of the source(s) of oils in the prolific West Siberian basin. Peters et al.<ref name=ch08r41>Peters, K. E., J. M. Moldowan, A. E. Kontorovich, B. J. H ...number|1}}Stratigraphic section of the West Siberian basin. From Peters et al.;<ref name=ch08r41 /> courtesy AAPG.

...hydrocarbon generation and [[migration]] within this [[minibasin]]. Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29>Dow, W. G., M. A. Yukler, J. T. Senftle, M. C. Kennicutt, ...oil occur where the reservoir temperature is about 130&deg;F. After Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29 /> Copyright: Gulf Coast SEPM.

...oil and [[Paleogene]] marine mudstones for the gas. Alternatively, Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29 /> suggest middle [[Miocene]] marine mudstones as the pro ...0 seep samples correlated to specific source rocks. Modified from Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40 />

...cross-section of the ''Glob alt'' reservoir interval. After Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armentroutetal1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwa ...n profile showing the ''Glob alt'' reservoir interval. After Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armentroutetal1991 /> courtesy Springer-Verlag.

...le vuggy beds from an example well in Weyburn field. Copyright: Coalson et al.;<ref name=Coalson1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1 ...so- to macroporous and (B) micro- to mesoporous mudstones. From Coalson et al.;<ref name=Coalson1994 /> courtesy RMAG.

...of China’s domestic oil production comes from the Bohai Bay Basin (Hao et al., 2011), which makes it one of the most petroliferous basins in China. ...Formation (Ed3) are the primary targets for shale oil exploration (Xue et al., 2020).

...1.85-8.32%, and pressure coefficient of 1.3-2.1 (Zou et al., 2019; Guo et al., 2020). ...e geological resource is twice as shallow burial shale gas resource (He et al., 2020). In the current stage, the next goal is to commercially produce gas

...ead et al., 2003; Bata et al., 2015, 2016; Bata, 2016; Hein, 2016; Bata et al., 2018). The two most important processes that act on light oil to produce

...g.org/detail.aspx?id=75 AAPG Memoir 66], p. 373–384.</ref> and Williams et al.<ref name=ch18r49>Williams, A., Kloster, A., Duckworth, R., Piggott, N., 19 ...il & Gas Journal, v. 87, no. 14 (April 3), p. 66–71.</ref> and Saunders et al.<ref name=ch18r36>Saunders, D., F., Burson, K., R., Brown, J., J., Thompson

Lindsay et al.<ref name=Lindsay>Lindsay, N. G., F. C. Murphy, J. J. Walsh, and J. Watters ...smears. From a study of 80 faults (excluding composite smears), Lindsay et al.<ref name=Lindsay /> concluded that shale smears may become incomplete for

...st fault. (c) Covenant field locality map of central Utah. From Parry, et. al<ref name=Parry />]] ...nd Arapien Shale form the cap rocks or seal for the field. From Parry, et. al.<ref name=Parry />]]

.... 3–13., 10., 1016/0264-8172(93)90095-A</ref> Khrushin (1993), and Shea et al..<ref name=ch10r68>Shea, W., T., Schwalbach, J., R., Allard, D., M., 1993, ...0–4000 psi and can trap gas columns of 460–1830 m (1500–6,000 ft) (Jiao et al., 1993). The shortest oil columns among the shale data include some true sh

Meyer et al.<ref name=ch18r27>Meyer, W., T., Lovell, J., S., Hale, M., 1983, Detection ...esentative seismic prospects surveyed and later drilled. Based on Meyer et al.<ref name=ch18r27 /> Copyright: Barringer Technologies Inc.]]

...urce. Oils from the East Breaks 160-161 field have been analyzed by Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29>Dow, W. G., M. A. Yukler, J. T. Senftle, M. C. Kennicutt ...re number|1}}Traditional regional cross-section. Modified after Antoine et al.;<ref name=Antoine1974>Antoine, J. W., R. G. Ray, Jr., T. G. Pyle, and W. R

..., the reader is directed to seek modern treatments, such as Van Wagoner et al.<ref>Van Wagoner, J. C., H. W. Posamentier, R. M. Mitchum, P. R. Vail, J. F ...ations and correlation of continental margin sequences, in C. K. Wilgus et al., eds, Sea-Level Changes: An Integrated Approach: SEPM Special Publication

.... Nicholson, G. W. Hughes, M. A. Miller, A. G. Bhullar, S. T. Abdelbagi et al., 2014, [http://http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir106/data/ ...n]] Qusaiba [[shale]]s beneath [[Hercynian]] unconformity (after Faqira et al., 2009<ref name=Faqiraetal2009 />). MA-I and MA-II show the two areas selec

...and C, and on the south by a salt-cored high. Copyright of: Armentrout et al.;<ref>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, and C. R. Beeman, 1 ...analysis_fig4-45.png|thumb|300px|{{figure number|3}}Time scale from Haq et al.;<ref>Haq, B., J. Hardenbol, and P. R. Vail, 1988, Mesozoic and Cenozoic ch

...ing sandstones from Frechen lignite mines, Germany (Modified from Weber et al.<ref name=Weber />). Note tapering of clay (black) away from the source bed ...re lithified at the time of faulting (burial depth about 2 km). Lindsay et al.<ref name=Lindsay /> recognized three types of shale smear: shear, abrasion

...e/aapg-special-volumes/m24.htm AAPG Memoir 24], p. 23-50.</ref> Jamison et al.<ref name=Jamisonetal_1980>Jamison, H. C., L. D. Brockett, and R. A. McInto ...for this interval, which is approximately 180 m (600 ft) thick (Wadman et al.,<ref name=Wadmanetal_1979 /> Melvin and Knight<ref name=Melvinandknight_19

...ical model constructed for the East Breaks 160-161 minibasin. After Dow et al.<ref name=ch04r29 /> &copy; Gulf Coast SEPM. ...ral elements that define East Breaks 160-161 minibasin. From Armentrout et al.<ref name=Armentroutetal_1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwa

...ology No. 1], Handbook of Petroleum Geology, p. 141–158.</ref> Schiemer et al.<ref name=ch18r38>Schiemer, E., J., Stober, G., Faber, E., 1985, Surface ge ...Sciences and UNESCO, BRGM document no. 82, p. 299–309.</ref> Saunders et al. (general),<ref name=ch18r37>Saunders, D., F., Burson, K., R., Brown, J., J

...and-performance_fig9-10.png|thumb|300px|{{figure number|1}}From Coalson et al.<ref name=Coalsonetal_1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Frankli ...to a distribution or profile of pore throat sizes for a sample. Erlich et al.<ref name=ch09r17>Erlich, R., S. J. Crabtree, K. O. Horkowitz, and J. P. Ho

...from eight fields in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea. From Hughes et al.<ref name=ch08r20 />); reprinted with permission from Graham and Trotman.]] ...) mass chromatograms for a typical Ekofisk and Eldfisk oil. From Hughes et al.<ref name=ch08r20 />); reprinted with permission from Norwegian Geological

...source rocks]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 65, p. 1543–1550.</ref> and Thrasher et al.<ref name=ch18r45>Thrasher, J., A., Strait, D., Lugo, R., A., 1996a, [http:

...ef> Examples of reservoir characterization from attributes include Dorn et al.<ref name=ch13r7 /> and Brown.<ref name=ch13r2 />

...meability from Midale in an example well at Weyburn field. From Coalson et al.;<ref name=Coalson1994 /> courtesy RMAG. ...e Midale vuggy beds from an example well in Weyburn field. From Coalson et al.;<ref name=Coalson1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1

...igure number|2|}}Trap Mechanism. Adapted from Al-Jubori<ref name=Al-Jubori>Al-Jubori, A., S. Johnston, C. Boyer, S. W. Lambert, O. A. Bustos, J. C. Pashi ...re number|3|}}Coal Bed Methane Production. Adapted from Al-Jubari<ref name=Al-Jubori />]]

...e Pronghorn member (formerly defined as the “Sanish sand”, e.g. LeFever et al., 2011), 2) lower shale member, 3) middle Bakken member, and 4) upper shale • Platte River Associates (Theloy et al., 2017): 3.4-4.0 BBO technically recoverable in the Bakken and Three Forks

...ion-circulars/IC-37-Viewing.pdf.</ref>) and Information Circular 40 (Li et al.<ref name=Lietal>Li, Peng, M. E. Ratchford, and D. M. Jarvie, 2010, Geochem

...300px|{{figure number|1}}Black Warrior Basin. 20 mi (32 km). From Fritz et al.<ref name=Fritzetal_2012>Fritz, R. D., P. Medlock, M. Kuykendal, and J. L.

...on Circular 37 (Ratchford et al., 2006) and Information Circular 40 (Li et al., 2010), which integrated surface and subsurface geologic information with

...0 seep samples correlated to specific source rocks. Modified from Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40 />]] Table 1, modified from Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40>Gross, O. P., K. C. Hood, L. M. Wenger, and S. C. Harriso

...arsening parasequence formed in a deltaic environment. From Van Wagoner et al.;<ref name=ch21r47 /> courtesy AAPG.]] ...uences formed in a tidal flat to subtidal environment. From Van Wagoner et al.;<ref name=ch21r47 /> courtesy AAPG.]]

...n]], with the coastline approximately at the western margin. From Mello et al.;<ref name=ch08r30>Mello, M. R., P. C. Gaglianone, S. C. Brassell, and J. R ...source families responsible for the oils on the Brazilian margin, Mello et al.<ref name=ch08r30 /> measured numerous elemental, isotopic, and molecular c

...network and facilitate drainage within low-permeability matrix (Corbett et al., 1994; Pearson, 2012). Accordingly, exploration had been focused on the na ...2,353 MMBNGL (see Table 1 for details of each Assessment Units) (Pitman et al., 2020).

...analysis_fig4-59.png|{{figure number|1}}From a simulation done by Rouch et al.<ref name=ch04r83 /> After Armentrout.<ref name=ch04r7>Armentrout, J., M., ...asin-analysis_fig4-59.png|Figure 1]] is from a simulation done by Rouch et al.<ref name=ch04r83>Rouch, L., S., Armentrout, J., M., Bowman, S., A., 1993,

..., v. I-2: Geological society of America, p. 269-290.</ref> and Sheridan et al.<ref name=ch15r11>Sheridan, R. E., J. A. Grow, and K. D. Klitgord, 1988, Ge ...ms: Geophysics, vol. 45, p. 1507–1512. ''A modified version of Talwani et. al. 1959 method of gravity modeling for a 2-D geometry. Caution: there are num

...: Oil & Gas Journal, 26 April 1993, p. 85–88, 90–92.</ref> and Anderson et al<ref name=ch04r2>Anderson, R. N., P. Flemings, S. Losh, J. Austin, and R. Wo ...elements that define the East Breaks 160-161 minibasin. From Armentrout et al.<ref name=Armentroutetal_1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwa

...composition on mechanical stability and chemical stability. From Loucks et al.;<ref name=Loucks1984>Loucks, R. G., M. M. Dodge, and W. E. Galloway, 1984, ...meability]] indirectly affects porosity through diagenesis. Stonecipher et al.<ref name=ch09r60>Stonecipher, S., A., Winn, R., D. Jr., Bishop, M., G., 19

| Colville basin, Alaska || High || [[Cretaceous]] || Direct ? || Popov et al.<ref name=Popovetal_2001>Popov, M. A., V. F. Nuccio, T. S. Dyman, T. A. Gog | Central Alaska basins || Low/Moderate || ? || ? || Popov et al.<ref name=Popovetal_2001 />

...> courtesy American Geophysical Union. Time scale adapted from Berggren et al.<ref name=ch17r12>Berggren, W., A., Kent, D., V., Flynn, J., J., 1985a, Pal ...section between two wells in the offshore Gulf of Mexico. From Ruddiman et al.<ref name=ch17r75 /> Reprinted with permission from Unocal; previously modi

...in the northern and eastern part of the productive area (Fig. 1; Hammes et al., 2011). Haynesville and organic-rich Bossier reservoirs are characterized

...Glob alt'' depositional sequence of Late Pliocene age. After Armentrout et al.<ref name=ArmentroutEtAl_1991 /> Courtesy Springer-Verlag. Original map by ...n profile showing the ''Glob alt'' reservoir interval. After Armentrout et al.<ref name=ArmentroutEtAl_1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwa

...{{figure number|1}}Correlation of the third-order eustatic curve of Haq et al.<ref name=ch04r43 /> and the oxygen isotope curve of Williams and Trainor<r ...ng the Tejas supersequence B 3.10 (0.8-0.0 Ma) third-order cycle of Haq et al.<ref name=ch04r43 />). This correlation suggests that the local cycles are

...lt seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, SEALS International, 600 p.</ref> Koch et al., 1992). ...over the structure to calculate small-scale variations in strain (Koch et al., 1992). In addition, the method assumes fixed end points, whereas a limite

...gical marker analysis by Mackenzie et al.<ref name=ch03r6 /> and Hughes et al.<ref name=ch03r5 /> from reservoirs in the Greater Ekofisk, Forties, Montro ...Petroleum Congress, London, Section PD1(4), p. 45–56.</ref> and Hughes et al.<ref name=ch03r5>Hughes, W., B., Holba, A., G., Miller, D., E., Richardson,

...h plots for different formations along the U.S. Gulf Coast. From Loucks et al.;<ref name=Loucks>Loucks, R. G., M. M. Dodge, and W. E. Galloway, 1984, [ht ...iginal sediment composition on subsequent diagenesis. Copyright: Surdam et al.;<ref name=Surdam>Surdam, R. C., T. L. Dunn, D. B. MacGowan, and H. P. Heas

...hydrates: Resources of the twenty-first century?], ''in'' M. W. Downey et al., eds., Petroleum provinces of the twenty-first century: [http://store.aapg ...hydrates: Resources of the twenty-first century?], ''in'' M. W. Downey et al., eds., Petroleum provinces of the twenty-first century: AAPG Memoir 74, p.

* Saputra et al.<ref name=Saputra>Saputra, W., W. Kirati, and T. Patzek, 2019, Generalized Garcia-Fresca et al.<ref name=Garciaetal>Garcia-Fresca, B., D. Pinkston, R. G. Loucks, and R. L

...–20.</ref> courtesy Tulsa Geological Society. Modified from Van Wagoner et al.;<ref>Van Wagoner, J. C., R. M. Mitchum, K. M. Campion, and V. D. Rahmanian ...ross section from the Late Cenozoic of the Gulf of Mexico. From Mitchum et al.;<ref>Mitchum, R. M., P. R. Vail, and J. B. Sangree, 1977, [http://archives

...ain, not surprisingly, heavy oil (such as the [[Rubiales field]]; Gómez et al., 2009<ref name=Gomezetal2009>Gómez, Y., F. Yoris, J. Rodriguez, F. Portil ...f fresh water by [[shale]] dehydration has been also proposed (Gonzalez et al., 2011<ref name=Gonzalezetal2011>Gonzalez, F., I. Moretti, and X. Guichet,

.... 4, no. 4, p. 274–307., 10., 1016/0264-8172(87)90008-0</ref> and Vavra et al.<ref name=ch10r87>Vavra, C. L., J. G. Kaldi, and R. M. Sneider, 1992, [http

...th the many factors controlling sandstone diagenesis. After Stonecipher et al.<ref name=ch09r60>Stonecipher, S. A., R. D. Winn, Jr., and M. G. Bishop, 19 ...2}} Typical diagenetic pathways for marine sediments. Copyright: Burley et al.;<ref name=ch09r7 /> courtesy Blackwell Scientific.]]

...spillpoint depth). GWC = [[gas-water]] contact. Modified from Hermanrud et al. (2014<ref name=Hermanrudetal2014>Hermanrud, C., M. E. Hakjelsvik, K. Krist ...ksen, E., A. E. Ryseth, G. B. Larssen, T. Heide, K. Rønning, K. Sollid, et al., 2011, Tectonostratigraphy of the greater Barents Sea: Implications for pe

...1988>Sarg, J. F., 1988, Carbonate sequence stratigraphy, in C.K. Wilgus et al., eds., Sea-Level Changes—An Integrated Approach: SEPM Special Publicatio

...re.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=77 AAPG Memoir 74], p. 429-452.</ref>; Ramos et al.<ref name=Ramosetal_2006>Ramos, E., M. Marzo, J. M. de Gibert, K. Tawengi, The Cyrenaica Platform and Al Kufrah Basin have had a few oil discoveries but no commercial production. H

...178, 104054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.104054</ref> Hange et al.<ref name=Hangeetal_2019>Hanga, K. M., & Kovalchuk, Y. (2019). Machine lear ...ieved simultaneously, hence, accelerating the exploration phase. Maniar et al.<ref name=Maniaretal_2019>Maniar, H., Ryali, S., Kulkarni, M. S., & Abubaka

...ock extract (top) and an oil (bottom) from southern Sicily. From Ocampo et al.;<ref name=ch08r35>Ocampo, R., A. Riva, J. M. Trendel, J. Riolo, H. J. Call

...ding third-, fourth-, and fifth-order cycles together. From Van Wagoner et al.;<ref name=ch21r47 /> courtesy AAPG.]]

...mainly represented by oil-prone Type II and Type II-S kerogens (French et al., 2020 and references therein). Production trends in the Eagle Ford corresp ...application of secondary recovery techniques (e.g., huff-and-puff; Hill et al., 2020).

...mulation]]s lasting for tens to hundreds of million years (e.g., Montel et al.<ref name=ch11r26>Montel, F., G. Caillet, A. Pucheu, and J. Caltagirone, 19

...tems in the basin such as the Ellenburger, Strawn, and others. Jarvie et. al,<ref>Jarvie, D. M., R. J. Hill, T. E. Ruble, & R. M. Pollastro, 2007, [http In 2013, Browning, et. al.,<ref>Browning, J. R., S. Ikonnikova, G. Gulen, E. Potter, K. Medlock, F. M

...gy]], vol. 34, no. 4. p. 362–380., 10., 2307/1485604</ref> and Berggren et al..<ref name=ch17r15>Berggren, W. A., D. V. Kent, C. Swisher, and M.-P. Aubry ...ted Approach: SEPM Special Publication 42, p. 71–108.</ref> and Harland et al.<ref name=ch17r44>Harland, W. B., R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig,

...ations of apatite, DOI: 10.1016/0168-9622(88)90019-X.</ref> and Gleadow et al<ref name=Gleadow86>Gleadow, J. W., I. R. Duddy, P. F. Green, J. E. and Love

...ng|thumb|300px|{{figure number|1}}Ductility of shale. Data from Hoshino et al.<ref name=ch10r37>Hoshino, K., Koide, H., Inami, K., Iwamura, S., Mitsui, S ...ensity and ductility of shales with increasing depth. Data from Hoshino et al.<ref name=ch10r37 />]]

...iting factors for hydrocarbon migration. However, according to Yielding et al.<ref name=Yieldingetal_1997 /> there are factors that determine the formati According to Yielding et al.<ref name=Yieldingetal_1997 />, calculations to approach fault sealing anal

* P_al = original pressure, psia * T_al = original absolute temperature, °R

...cyclicity when superimposed across a continental margin. Copyright: Haq et al.;<ref name=ch04r43 /> courtesy SEPM.]] ...(wide curve), analogous to the fourth, third, and second orders of Haq et al.<ref name=ch04r43>Haq, B., Hardenbol, J., Vail, P., R., 1988, Mesozoic and

| Colville basin, Alaska || High || [[Cretaceous]] || Direct ? || Popov et al.<ref name=Popovetal_2001>Popov, M. A., V. F. Nuccio, T. S. Dyman, T. A. Gog | Central Alaska basins || Low/Moderate || ? || ? || Popov et al.<ref name=Popovetal_2001 />

..., S. D. Burley, V. R. Sunder, V. Kothari, B. N. Naidu., N. P. Whiteley, et al., 2015, The discovery petroleum geology of the Barmer Basin, Rajasthan, Ind ...B. N. Naidu, V. R. Sunder, J. D. Dolson, S. D. Burley, N. P. Whiteley, et al., 2015, Discovery and petroleum system of the Barmer Basin, India: [http://

...anular, intercrystalline, vuggy, or fractured rocks. Copyright: Coalson et al.;<ref>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals

* ''R'' is the capillary (pore throat) radius (Vavra et al., 1992{{citation needed}}).

...ate hydrocarbons at a depth of approximately 2200 m. Copyright: Ungerer et al.;<ref name=Ungerer1991>Ungerer, P., P. Forbes, and J. L. Rudkiewicz, 1991,

...Economic Geology Report of Investigations 138, 220 p.</ref> and Dutton et al.<ref name=Duttonetal_1993>Dutton, S. P., S. J. Clift, D. S. Hamilton, H. S. ...certain; however, the first published reference to the term was by Rose et al.<ref name=Roseetal_1986>Rose, P. R., J. R. Everett, and I. S. Merin, 1986,

...tones: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 73, p. 735–744.</ref>; Lazar et al.<ref name=Lzr2010>Lazar, O. R., K. M. Bohacs, J. H. S. Macquaker, and J. Sc ...thorium or potassium; pyrite and TOC versus bulk density; after Bohacs et al. .<ref name=Bhcs2014a />). Oc. Chem. = ocean chemistry. Green algae photo c

...troleum wells, and hydrocarbon fields in Jordan. Modified after Beydoun et al.<ref name=Beydounetal_1994>Beydoun, Z. R., Futyan, A. R. I., and A. H. Jawz ...n subcrop becomes progressively older toward the west. From L&uuml;ning et al.<ref name=L&uuml;ningetal_2006>L&uuml;ning, S., Loydell, D. K., Storch, P.,

...associated with hydrocarbons in many basins around the world. In Henry et al.<ref name=Henryetal_2010>Henry, M., M. Pentilla, and D. Hoyer, 2010, [http: ...id pressure, about 90% of the overburden pressure. Other authors (Henry et al.<ref name=Henryetal_2010 />) have documented sonic velocities in near surfa

...erogen is mainly represented by oil-prone Type II and Type II-S (French et al.<ref name=French>French, K. L., J. E. Birdwell, and M. D. Lewan, 2020, Tren ...seven assessment units (Whidden et al.<ref name=Whidden>Whidden, K. J. et al., 2018, Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources in the Eagle Ford

...ary-basin-analysis_fig4-8.png|{{figure number|1}}Modified after Antoine et al.<ref name=ch04r4>Antoine, J. W., R. G. Ray, Jr., T. G. Pyle, and W. R. Brya file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-9.png|{{figure number|2}}From Hall et al.<ref name=Halletal_1993>Hall, D. J., B. E. Bowen, R. N. Rosen, S. Wu, and A

...{{figure number|2}}Correlation of the third-order eustatic curve of Haq et al.<ref>Haq, B., J. Hardenbol, and P. R. Vail, 1988, Mesozoic and Cenozoic chr ...Memoir 10, p. 211–260.</ref> and the oxygen isotope chronology of Joyce et al.<ref name=ch04r51>Joyce, J. E., L. R. C. Tjalsma, and J. M. Prutzman, 1990,

...e number|1}}World primary energy sources (generalized after Nakicenovic et al.<ref name=Nakicenovicetal_1998>Nakicenovic, N., A. Gr&uuml;bler, and A. McD

...cal Techniques: San Francisco, W., H. Freeman, 851 p.</ref> or Feldmann et al.<ref name=ch17r38>Feldmann, R., M., Chapman, R., E., Hannibal, J., T., eds. ...s from [[limestone]]. Kummel and Raup<ref name=ch17r53 />) and Feldmann et al.<ref name=ch17r38 />) describe many of the preparation techniques in detail

* Al-Jubori, A., and S. Johnston, 2009, Coalbed Methane: Clean Energy for the Wo

...nly accepted classification of marine environments. Copyright: Tipsword et al.;<ref name=ch17r85 /> courtesy Gulf Coast Assoc. of Geological Societies.]] ...epted classification of marine environments is the zonation of Tipsword et al.<ref name=ch17r85>Tipsword, H. L., F. M. Setzer, and F. L. Smith, Jr., 1966

...s are differentiated on the basis of the parameters listed. From Ebanks et al.;<ref name=Ebanks1993 /> courtesy AAPG.]] ...nd flow units present in the Hartzog Draw field of Wyoming. From Ebanks et al.;<ref name=Ebanks1993>Ebanks, J., N. H. Scheihing, and C. D. Atkinson, 1993

...e.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=144 AAPG Memoir 65], 454 p.</ref> and Simmons et al.<ref name=ch04r90>Simmons, G. R., W. R. Bryant, G. Lee, and C. Fiduk, 1996,

...n sequences: SEPM Special Publication 42, p. 183–213.</ref> Van Wagoner et al.,<ref name=ch04r70>Mitchum, R., M., Jr., Van Wagoner, J., C., 1990, High-fr

...tion in the Amazon basin based on MT data. Drafted from data in Burgett et al.<ref name=ch16r2 />]]

...en structure and [[lithofacies]] distribution. He interprets [[deposition]]al subenvironments and [[fan]] evolution through time, but a detailed depositi ...G03.jpg|300px|thumb|{{figure number|3}}Summary of the Brae Play (Fraser et al., 2003<ref name=Fraseretal2003>Fraser, S. I., A. M. Robinson, H. D. Johnson

...volving completion fluid volumes and sand loads (Ladd, 2001; Birmingham et al, 2006; Milne and Cumella, 2014). DJ Basin production peaked in November 201 ...rmation, Wattenberg Field, Colorado, in Gas In the Rockies, D. Anderson et al., eds. Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, Denver, CO.

...lies in hydrocarbon exploration are often difficult to quantify. Potter et al.<ref name=ch18r29>Potter, R., W., IIHarrington, P., A., Silliman, A., H., V

...ciety London, Special publications 152: 155 – 166.</ref> and Yang-Logan et al.,<ref name=Yangloganetal_1995>Yang-Logan, L. C., Tveit, R. & Bailey, H. W. ...eers. EAGE workshop on Geosteering and well placement.</ref> and Hughes et al.<ref name=Hughesetal_2019 />).

...ref name=ch21r47 /><ref name=Wilgusetal>Wilgus, C. K., Hastings, B. S., et al., 1988, Sea-level changes--an integrated approach: SEPM Special Publication Van Wagoner et al.<ref name=ch21r47 /> define sequence stratigraphy as “… the study of ro

...ces and parasequences on shelf-edge and ramp margins. After Van Wagoner et al.<ref name=ch21r47>Van Wagoner, J. C., Mitchum, R. M., Campion, K. M., Rahma

...ll as the 5 major tectonic stages of the Mesozoic. Modified from Veiga et al., 2020]] ...structural elements during time of deposition. Modified from Dominguez et al. (2020a)]]

...pper Piper Sand interval of the Scott field, UK North Sea (from Guscott et al.<ref name=Guscott>Guscott, S., K. Russell, A. Thickpenny, and R. Poddubiuk, ...p facies belts in the areas beyond the well control. For example, Spaak et al.<ref>Spaak, P., J. Almond, S. Salahudin, Z. Mohd Salleh, and O. Tosun, 1999

...nlap-[http://www.answers.com/topic/offlap offlap] curve such as the Haq et al.<ref name=ch17r43>Haq, B. U., J. Hardenbol, P. R. Vail, 1988, Mesozoic and ...y Geology (SEPM) Special Publication 54, p. 127–208.</ref> or Gradstein et al.<ref name=ch17r42>Gradstein, F. M., F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbo

...onference. (right) Carbon isotopic composition comparisons. From Sedivy et al.<ref name=ch03r9>Sedivy, R. A., I. E. Penfield, H. I. Halpern, R. J. Drozd,

...hways from the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea. Modified from Thrasher et al.;<ref name=ch18r46 /> courtesy AAPG.]]

...ee Anniversary Field Conference Guidebook, p. 325-357.</ref> and Surdam et al.<ref name=Surdametal_2001>Surdam, R. C., J. Robinson, Z. S. Jiao, and N. K. ...the Greater Green River basin, Wyoming and Colorado (modified from Law et al.<ref name=Lawetal_1989 />)

...//store.aapg.org/detail.aspx?id=585 AAPG Memoir 57], 545 p.</ref> Steel et al.,<ref name=ch04r91>Steel, R. J., V. L. Felt, E. P. Johannessen, and C. Math ...be called a shelf-margin systems tract. If the criteria of Van Wagoner et al.<ref name=ch04r70 /> are used, the High Island–East Breaks shelf-margin d

...of cores as well as sedimentological analyses are described by Siemers et al.<ref name=pt05r145>Siemers, C. T., R. W. Tillman, and C. R. Williamson, eds ...t Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology Handbook 5, 43 p.</ref> and Boyles et al.<ref name=pt05r28>Boyles, J. M., A. J. Scott, and J. M. Rine, 1986, A loggi

|Author=Zainab Al Abdulwahab * Al-Awwad, Saad F. & pomar, Luis. (2015, May 21). Origin of the rudstone–floa

...direction (large arrow) during one time interval. Copyright: Whittaker et al.;<ref name=ch17r95 /> courtesy Geological Society.]] Whittaker et al.<ref name=ch17r95>Whittaker, M. F., Giles, M. R., Cannon, S. J. C., 1992, P

...iety of Petroleum Engineers Paper No. 13226, 15 p.</ref><ref name=Smith el al._1985>Smith, M. B., N.-K. Ren, G. G. Sorrells, and L. W. Teufel, 1985, A co ...e to determine the accuracy of different orientation techniques. Nelson et al.<ref name=pt03r37>Nelson, R. A., L. C. Lenox, and B. J. Ward, 1987, [http:/

...uired at 6 month intervals across a thermal EOR project. (After Justice et al.<ref name=pt07r25 />) ...corresponding change in the tomographic velocity fields. (After Justice et al.<ref name=pt07r25 />)

...ure number|5}}Between-well imaging from the Gulf of Mexico. After Lines et al.<ref name=ch15r7>Lines, L. R., H. Tan, and S. Treitel, 1991, Velocity and d ...al open-hole and cased-hole logging methods had failed. After Van Popta et al.<ref name=ch15r12>van Popta, J., J. M. T. Heywood, S. J. Adams, and D. R. B

...within the in-place Middle Jurassic mother salt. Modified after Antoine et al.;<ref name=Antoine1974>Antoine, J. W., R. G. Ray, Jr., T. G. Pyle, and W. R ...Jurassic salt that have become detached from the mother salt. From Hall et al.;<ref name=Hall1993>Hall, D. J., B. E. Bowen, R. N. Rosen, S. Wu, and A. W.

...mber|3}}Interpretation template for log motif analysis. From Armentrout et al.;<ref name=ch04r8 /> courtesy The Geological Society of London. ....aspx?id=478 AAPG Studies in Geology No. 27], p. 1–10.</ref> and Loutit et al.<ref name=ch04r59>Loutit, T. S., Hardenbol, J., Vail, P. R., Baum, G. R., 1

...data to make it easier to study the anomalies caused by [[Basement|crust]]al rocks. The IGRF is regularly updated since the field varies with time. ...activities, such as the use of steel in oilfield development. Reynolds et al.<ref name=pt07r49>Reynolds, R. L., M. Webring, V. J. S. Grauch, and M. Tutt

...nas Basin wells. Modified from GONZAGA (2000). The Figure is from Silva et al., 2015]] ...according to Eiras (1998). Source: Petrobas. The figure is from Barata et al., 2007.]]

...version: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 13, p. 149–177.</ref>; Fraser et al., 2003<ref name=Fraseretal2003 />; Zanella and Coward, 2003<ref name=Zanell ...er|1}}Location of the South Viking Graben (SVG) (simplified from Fraser et al., 2003<ref name=Fraseretal2003>Fraser, S., A. M. Robinson, H. D. Johnson, J

...of a synthetic seismogram from the Gulf of Suez basin. Copyright: Ramzy et al.,<ref name=Ramzy>Ramzy, M., B. Steer, F. Abu-Shadi, M. Schlorholtz, J. Mika

...from the Midale in an example well at Weyburn field. Copyright: Coalson et al.;<ref name=Coalson1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1

...be formed in continental environments e.g., karst and lakes (Baldermann et al., 2020). There can be primary and secondary dolomites but the former one is ...lorophyll, organic matter and or pre-existing detrital dolomites (Lyons et al., 1984; Baker and Burns, 1985).

...tourite channels, abraded surfaces, moats and furrows (Hernandez-Molina et al.,2008). Gao et al. (1998) propose a facies classification based on grain size and the composi

...r|3}}Schematic section showing facies association A and B, by Tomassini et al.<ref name=Tomassini /> A) mixed ramp. B) siliciclastic platform.]] According Tomassini et al.,<ref name=Tomassini /> the interpreted transport and sedimentation process

* Davison, I., Bosence, D., Alsop, G. I., Al-Aawah, M. H., 1996, Deformation and sedimentation around active Miocene sal

* Thomas et al.,<ref name=ch09r62 /> Schowalter,<ref name=ch09r54 /> and general industry * Catalan et al.<ref name=ch09r8 /> observed breakthrough saturations of 4-20% in pack expe

...ates from an Ordovician-sourced oil from the Illinois basin. From Hatch et al.;<ref name=ch08r18 /> reprinted with permission from AAPG. ...uthern California (Monterey Formation, Santa Maria basin). From Curiale et al.;<ref name=ch08r13>Curiale, J. A., D. Cameron, and D. V. Davis, 1985, Biolo

...etal_2014>Alsharhan, Abdulrahman S., Christian J. Strohmenger, and Abdulla Al-Mansorri, 2014, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir106/data ...ozoic and Mesozoic sections.<ref name=Assaruriandsorkhabi_2014 /> The Rub’ Al-Khali Basin, part of which extends partially into Yemen, is an established

|Author=Ahmed Al Hawaj and Saleh Al Qahtani ...E. Hearon IV, C. D. Connors, S. Bland, F. Schaefer, O. Ferrer, I. Mora, et al., 2015, Introduction to special section: Balancing, restoration, and palins

...urs along the path that a carbonate sediment follows. Copyright: Harris et al.,<ref name=Harrisetal>Harris, P. M., C. G. St.-C. Kendall, and I. Lerche, 1

...on of 4-methylsteranes in selected rock extracts. Modified from Summons et al.;<ref name=ch08r52>Summons, R. E., J. Thomas, J. R. Maxwell, and C. J. Bore ...C₃₅ species (left) and C₃₄ species. From Moldowan et al.;<ref name=ch08r33>Moldowan, J. M., C. Y. Lee, P. Sundararaman, T. Salvator

...of the T5 marker, Frlo Formation, Brazoria County, Texas. (After Bebout el al.)<ref name=pt06r12>Bebout, D. G., Loucks, R. G., Gregory, A. R., 1978, Frio ...arked in ft subsea × 100; contour interval is 100 ft. (From Braithwaite et al.)<ref name=pt06r16>Braithwaite, C. I. M., Marshall, J. D., Holland, T. C.,

...s B and C, and on the south by a salt-cored high. Copyright: Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armetal1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, an ...migration pathways within the East Breaks 160-161 field. Copyright: Dow et al.;<ref>Dow, W. G., M. A. Yukler, J. T. Senftle, M. C. Kennicutt II, and J. M

...of T ( tensile stress) in the horizontal direction. Taken from Gressier et al 2010. IMAGEN 6.png|{{figure number|5}}Experiment by Gressier et al 2010 made into a powder through diatomaceous saturated and unsaturated to s

...igraphic zonation]] has advanced considerably since the days when Sloss et al.<ref name=Slossetal_1949>Sloss, L. L., W. C. Krumbein, and E. C. Daples, 19

...nship between the hydrocarbon gradient and water gradient. From Coalson et al.<ref name=Coalsonetal_1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Frankli

...0 seep samples correlated to specific source rocks. Modified from Gross et al.<ref name=Grossetal_1995>Gross, O. P., K. C. Hood, L. M. Wenger, and S. C.

...essure compartment in the Central North Sea graben. After Gaarenstroom, et al.<ref name=ch05r7>Gaarenstroom, L., R. A. J. Tromp, M. C. de Jong, and A. M

...indicator: World Stress Map Technical Report 16-01</ref> and Morawietz et al.<ref>Morawietz, S., O. Heidbach, K. Reiter, M. Ziegler, M. Rajabi, G. Zimme ...f the integrated approach for in-situ stress determination (from Hudson et al, 2003, as cited in Zhang<ref name=Zhang />).

Ciftci et al.<ref name=Ciftcietal_2004>Ciftci, B. N., A. A. Aviantara, N. F. Hurley, and ...oil can result from the waterflooding of dune-bedded sandstones. Huang et al.<ref name=Huangetal_1995>Huang, V., P. S. Ringrose, and K. S. Sorbie, 1995,

...orward oil–source rock correlations. A good example is found in Seifert et al.<ref name=ch08r49>Seifert, W. K., J. M. Moldowan, and R. W. Jones, 1979, Ap

...the separation between two gravity measurements, Δ''z''. After McCulloh et al.<ref name=ch15r9>McCulloh, T. H., J. R. Kandle, J. E. Schoellhamer, 1968, A

...{{figure number|1}}Correlation of the third-order eustatic curve of Haq et al.<ref>Haq, B., J. Hardenbol, and P. R. Vail, 1988, Mesozoic and Cenozoic chr

...wing range of seal capacities for the different facies. Data from Vavra et al.<ref name=ch10r87 />]]

...ee Anniversary Field Conference Guidebook, p. 325-357.</ref> and Surdam et al.<ref name=Surdametal_1997>Surdam, R. C., Z. S. Jiao, and H. P. Heasler, 199 ...f thermal maturity. More recent [[Kinetics|kinetic]] studies by Tsuzuki et al.<ref name=Tsuzukietal_1999>Tsuzukie, N., N. Takeda, M. Suzuki, and K. Yokoi

...of the basal Ivishak Formation, [[Prudhoe Bay field]], Alaska (from Tye et al.<ref name=Tyeetal_1999>Tye, R. S., J. P. Bhattacharya, J. A. Lorsong, S. T. ...front (from Hamilton et al.<ref name=Hamiltonetal_2002>Hamilton, D. S., et al., 2002, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2002/07jul/1237/1237.h

...r|1}}Range of seal capacities for the different facies. Data from Vavra et al.<ref name=ch10r87 />]]

...J. C. Mars, M. D. Merrill, P. D. Warwick, M. S. Blondes, M. A. Gosai, et. al, 2012, Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide sto

...eading edge of the marine transgression <ref name=Pitman>Pitman, J. K., et al., 2020, Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the Upper Creta

...ies is a practical way to calculate realistic conversion rates. Burnham et al.<ref>Burnham, A. K., R. L. Braun, and A. Samoun, 1988, Further comparisons

...igure number|1}}Wettability of oil, water, and rock system. (After Raza et al.<ref name=pt05r134>Raza, S. H., Treiber, L. E., Archer, D. L., 1968, Wettab The USBM method developed by Donaldson et al.<ref name=pt05r47 /> uses the same types of data, but considers the work re

...name=Yng2019a>Yang, Z., C. Zou, S. Wu, S. Lin, S. Pan, X. Niu, G. Men, et. al, 2019a, Formation, distribution and resource potential of the “sweet area

...áfica da Bacia do Paraná. São Paulo: Paulipetro, 167 p.</ref> and Zalán et al.<ref name=Zalan_1990> Zalán, P. V., S. Wolff, M. A. M. Astolfi, I. S. Viei ...ke base level due to a matched control of tectonics and climate (Milani et al. 1998)<ref name=Milani_1998 />.

...on pyrolitic hydrocarbon yields in source-rock evaluation, in M. Bjoroy et al., eds., Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1981, p. 775-787.</ref><ref name=D ...zoic chronostratigraphy and cycles of sea-level Change, in C. K. Wilgus et al., eds., Sea-Level Changes: An Integrated Approach, SEPM Special Publication

...right), and the correlatable oil (bottom right). Modified from Moldowan et al.;<ref name=Moldowan1992>Moldowan, J. M., C. Y. Lee, P. Sundararaman, T. Sal

...the Shatt al Arab. The elevation at the Iraq–Syria border is 300–400 msl. Al Furat follows the Anah Graben until it reaches the subsiding Mesopotamian f ...R) oil and gas. The volumes data for oil and gas come mainly from Verma et al.<ref name=Vermaetal_2004 /> and Jassim and Goff,<ref name=Jassimandgoff_200

...SEPM 11th Annual Research conference, p. 379–388.</ref> and Armentrout et al.<ref name=ch04r8>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, L. B. Fearn, C. E. Shepp ...mber|2}}Interpretation template for log motif analysis. From Armentrout et al.<ref name=ch04r8 /> Courtesy The Geological Society of London.

...|300px|{{figure number|1}}Location of Weyburn field. Copyright: Coalson et al.<ref>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals

...steranes from the Lufa oil seep in Papua New Guinea. Copyright: Murray et al.;<ref name=Maurray1993>Murray, A. P., R. E. Summons, J. Bradshaw, and B. Pa

...ld be abandoned. Like most stratigraphers (e.g., Ferrusquia-Villafranca et al.<ref name=Ferrusquiavillafrancaetal_2009>Ferrusquia-Villafranca, I., R. M. ...he Paleontological Society of Japan, no. 51, p. 86–90.</ref> 17, Adrain et al.<ref name=Adrainetal_2009>Adrain, J. M., N. E. B. McAdams, and S. R. Westro

Surdam et al.<ref name=ch09r61>Surdam, R., C., Dunn, T., L., MacGowan, D., B., Heasler,

...ry curve, the better is the reservoir quality of the rock (from Sneider et al.<ref name=Sneider1977>Sneider, R. M., F. H. Richardson, D. D. Paynter, R. E

...lements that define the East Breaks 160-161 mini basin. From Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armentrout1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite,

...Budare field in Venezuela.<ref name=Hamiltonetal_2002>Hamilton, D. S., et al., 2002, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2002/07jul/1237/1237.h ...re known to act as thief zones. An example of this is given by Atkinson et al.<ref name=Atkinsonetal_1990 /> from the Prudhoe Bay field, Alaska. One inje

...h of the map corresponds to a wave-dominated delta front (from Hamilton et al.<ref name=Hamiltonetal_2002>Hamilton, D. S., N. Tyler, R. Tyler, S. K. Raeu ...maps. This example is from the Budare field of Venezuela (from Hamilton et al.<ref name=Hamiltonetal_2002 />). SP = spontaneous potential log; GR = gamma

...interpretation study: Leading Edge, v. 10, no. 9, p. 11–19.</ref> Noah et al.,<ref name=Noahetal_1992>Noah, J. T., G. S. Hofland, and K. Lemke, 1992, Se ...igure number|3}}Computer simulation of a meander belt geometry from Sun et al.<ref name=Sunetal_1996>Sun, T., P. Meakin, T. Jossang, and K. Schwarz, 1996

...ng water will displace the oil from the center of the pores (from Clark et al).<ref>Clark, N. J., H. M. Shearin, W. P. Scultz, K. Garms, and J. L. Moore, ...ll water wetting prior to coming in contact with oil.<ref>Abdallah, W., et al., 2007, Fundamentals of wettability: Oilfield Review, Summer 2007, v. 19, n

...in interior of Lower Antelope Canyon, Arizona. (Modified from Pettijohn et al.<ref name=Pettijohn>Pettijohn F. J., P.E. Potter and R. Siever. (1987). San ...ake Superior, Michigan's Upper Peninsula, USA. (Modified from Pettijohn et al.<ref name=Pettijohn />).]]

...alt'' (B) sandstones of the East Breaks 160-161 field. After Armentrout et al.<ref name=ch04r7>Armentrout, J. M., 1991, Paleontological constraints on de

...sea level cycles and a composite curve of all three. After Van Wagoner, et al.<ref name=ch09r63>Van Wagoner, J. C., Mitchum, R. M., Campion, K. M., Rahma

...the oil and gas industry, including Davis,<ref name=pt06r24 /> Harbaugh et al.<ref name=pt06r47>Harbaugh, J. W., Doveton, J. H., Davis, J. C., 1977, Prob ...haracteristics of petroleum data population distributions, see Harbaugh et al.<ref name=pt06r47 />)

...ous, southern Chile]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 11, p. 1471–1500.</ref> Kneller et al.<ref>Kneller, B., M. Dykstra, and P. Thompson, 2007, Collapse of submarine ...This example is from the Magnus field in the UK North Sea (from Morris et al).<ref>Morris, P. H., S. N. J. Payne, and D. P. J. Richards, 1999, Micropala

...ion of the East Anschutz Ranch field. From White et al.;<ref name=White-et-al-1990>White, R. R., T. J. Alcock, and R. A. Nelson, 1990, [http://archives.d

...ogists and Mineralogists Core Workshop 12, p. 333–389.</ref> and Krause et al.<ref name=pt06r67>Krause, F. F., H. N. Collins, D. A. Nelson, S. D. Mocheme ...Sedimentology: SEPM Special Publication 40, p. 221–292.</ref> and Slatt et al.<ref name=pt06r122>Slatt, R. M., S. Phillips, J. M. Boak, and M. B. Lagoe,

...ts resulted in a specific configuration of depositional and [[deformation]]al elements, many of which were critical to the evolution of the basin's [[pet ...carbonate platforms, causing the margins to retreat landward. From Hall et al.;<ref name=Hall>Hall, D. J., B. E. Bowen, R. N. Rosen, S. Wu, and A. W. Bal

...umber|3}}Elongate and lobate north-to-south geometries. From Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armentroutetal1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwa

...e Kingfisher field 15 km (9 mi) to the northeast. Modified after Turner et al.<ref name=Turneretal1987>Turner, C. C., J. M. Cohen, E. R. Connell, and D. ...sher field. Also shown are the BP genetic sequences based on Partington et al.<ref name=Partingtonetal1993>Partington, M. A., B. C. Mitchener, N. J. Milt

...faults B and C, and on the south by a salt- cored high. From Armentrout et al.;<ref>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, and C. R. Beeman, 1

...d oil (bottom), revealed in the m/z 177 mass chromatogram. From Volkman et al.;<ref name=ch08r57>Volkman, J. K., R. Alexander, R. I. Kagi, G. W. Woodhous

...egradation between PM 5-8 on the PM scale and heavy to severe on Wenger et al. scale.

...ng of the migrating-gas phase as the liquids are trapped. After Ungerer et al.<ref name=Ungerer1984>Ungerer, P., F. Behar, P. Y. Chenet, B. Durand, E. No

|Author=Asma Al Ahmadi and Rowa Tawfiq ...qFigure7.jpg|Figure 7]].<ref name=Gringartenetal_2000>A. C. Gringarten, A. Al-Lamki, & S. Daungkaew. (2000). Well Test Analysis in Gas-Condensate Reservo

...ah, an example of a third-order depositional sequence. Copyright: Weber et al.;<ref>Weber, L. J., J. F. Sarg, and F. M. Wright, 1995, Sequence stratigrap

...f Energy Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 108 p.</ref> || Kuuskraa et al.<ref name=Kuuskraaetal_1978>Kuuskraa, V. A., J. P. Brashear, T. M. Doscher,

...alifornia. Sections are projected onto a north-south plane. (From Slatt et al.<ref name=pt06r122>Slatt, R. M., S. Phillips, J. M. Boak, and M. B. Lagoe, ...mma ray]] trace and the right track is a resistivity trace. (From Slatt et al.<ref name=pt06r122 />)]]

...bniak, A., M. Mastalerz, J.E. Crockett, B.C. Nuttall, and K.P. Russell, et al., 2016, New Albany Shale: Indiana Geological Survey Digital Information 07.

...number|2}}Play types for shelf-edge and ramp margins. From Van Wagoner et al. 1990;<ref name=ch21r47 /> courtesy AAPG]]

...polycrystalline grains can help determine quartz provenance (from Basu et al., 1975<ref name=Basuetal1975>Basu, A., S. W. Young, L. J. Suttner, W. C. Ja

...vers, 1 injector, 1 producer)<ref name=Bhattietal_2008>Z. N. Bhatti, Y. J. Al Mansoori, S. M. El Sembawy, V. Vahrenkamp, N. Clerc, M. Wilt and S. L. Reed ...ction (B) After four months of water injection.<ref name=Alalietal_2009>M. Al Ali, V. Vahrenkamp, S. Elsembawy, Z. Bhatti, S. L. Reeder, N. Clerc and M.

...st-central Utah (corresponding to parasequences 1.5 and 1.6 of Deveugle et al.<ref name=Dvgl2011>Deveugle, P. E. K., M. D. Jackson, G. J. Hampson, M. E. ...in outcrop data, or condition models to subsurface data (e.g., Charvin et al.<ref>Charvin, K., G. J. Hampson, K. L. Gallagher, and R. Labourdette, 2009,

...re is expressed in atmospheres rather than in fundamental units. Lowman et al.,<ref name=pt05r104>Lowman, S. W., 1972, Definition of selected groundwater ...mber|3}}Effect of net confining stress on permeability. (After Amaefule et al.<ref name=pt05r8 />)]]

...0px|Figure 3. Kinematics models of Himalayan orogen (modified from Webb et al, 2011) showing three models of how the Greater Himalayan Crystalline comple

...ese aspects; and applications and complications of this approach. Lazar et al.<ref name=Lzrea2022a>Lazar, O. R., K. M. Bohacs, J. Schieber, J. H. S. Macq ...px|{{Figure number|1}}Nomenclature guidelines for mudstone (after Lazar et al. <ref name=Lzrea2015a />): (A) texture (grain size); (B) bedding; (C) compo

...problems: Geologica Acta, v. 4, no. 102, p. 265-277.</ref> and Pindell et al.<ref name=Pindelletal_2006>Pindell, J. L., L. Kennan, K. P. Stanek, W. V. M

...The classic approach is the sand-silt-shale method introduced by Poupon et al.<ref name=pt04r10>Poupon, A., W. R. Hoyle, and A. W. Schmidt, A. W., 1971, | Glauconite || K₂ (Mg,Fe)₂ Al₆ (Si₄O₁₀)₃(OH)₂ || ~

...he [[limestone]]-[[dolomite]] and the sand-shale examples. (After Burns et al.<ref name=pt07r3 />)]]

...ence, Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook, p. 39-61.</ref> Johnson et al.<ref name=Johnsonetal_1987>Johnson, R. C., R. A. Crovelli, C. W. Spencer, a ...superimposed on structure through the Washakie basin (modified from Law et al.<ref name=Lawetal_1989 />). Shaded pattern shows overpressured, gas-saturat

...nes: Abu Dhabi, December 1986, p. 63–124.</ref> for Abu Dhabi; Carrigan et al.<ref name=Carriganetal_1998> Carrigan, W. J., Jones, P. J., Tobey, M. H., A ...inning of the Miocene.<ref name=Chaubeandalsamahiji_1994>Chaube, A. N. and Al Samahiji, J., 1994, Jurassic and Cretaceous of Bahrain: Geology and petrole

...defined, fluvial channel bodies within the Ness Formation (from Ryseth et al).<ref name=Ryseth>Ryseth, A., H. Fjellbirkeland, I. K. Osmundsen, A. Skalne ...umber|5}}Multilateral wells in the Tern field, UK North Sea (from Black et al).<ref>Black, R. C., H. J. Poelen, M. J. Roberts, and S. E. Roddy, 1999, Ter

...an Madison Formation in the Wind River Basin of Wyoming (after Westphal et al.).<ref name=Westphal>Westphal, H., G. P. Eberli, L. B. Smith, G. M. Grammer ...ency stacking, with shoaling-upward cycles a few meters thick. Westphal et al.<ref name=Westphal /> described high-frequency depositional cycles from the

...oring plates are shown. This figure is simplified, modified from Stamps et al.<ref name=Stampsetal />]]

...ot the purchase price'', which is what we are attempting to fix.) Capen et al.<ref name=pt02r2 /> go farther, suggesting that for exploratory ventures ha

...defined, fluvial channel bodies within the Ness Formation. From Ryseth et al.<ref name=Rysethetal_1998>Ryseth, A., H. Fjellbirkeland, I. K. Osmundsen, & ...umber|5}}Multilateral wells in the Tern field, UK North Sea. From Black et al.<ref name=Blacketal=1999>Black, R. C., H. J. Poelen, M. J. Roberts, and S.

...urnal, v. 23, p. 311–326., 10., 2118/10681-PA</ref>; modified from Hill et al., 1969.{{citation needed}})]]

...cies distribution of potential reservoir and seal rocks (see Armentrout et al<ref name=ch04r12>Armentrout, J. M., L. B. Fearn, K. Rodgers, S. Root, W. D.

...annot give the justification of description about mechanism yet (Ariadi et al., 2005)

...the greatest thickness changes. (2-D seismic data, reprinted from Shaw et al.<ref name=Shawetal_1997>Shaw, J. H., S. C. Hook, and B. Satrio, 1997, [http

...h the interpreted fault pattern. An example of this is given by Marquez et al.<ref name=<Marquezetal_2001>Marquez, L. J., M. Gonzalez, S. Gamble, E. Gome ...to its predeformed state without any gaps showing (from Zamora Valcarce et al.<ref name=Zamoravalcarceetal_2006>Zamora Valcarce, G., T. Zapata, A. Ansa,

...p. 73–108.</ref> <ref name=Konertetal_2001>Konert, G., Abdulkader, M. A., Al-Hajri, A. A., and Droste, H. J., 2001, Paleozoic stratigraphy and hydrocarb ...p. 125–148.</ref> and Ruban et al.,<ref name=Rubanetal_2007>Ruban, D. A., Al-Husseini, M. I., and Yumiko, I., 2007, Review of Middle East Palaeozoic pla

...deposits of the Rosso Ammonitico Veronese (lower member). From Masetti et al.<ref name=Masettietal_2012>Masetti, D., R. Fantoni, R. Romano, D. Sartorio,

...studies]: Journal Petroleum of Technology, May, p. 625–632.</ref> Hearn et al.,<ref name=pt06r51>Hearn, C. L., W. J. Ebanks, Jr., R. S. Tye, and V. Ranga

...nal of the Geological Society, London, v. 158, p. 367–378.</ref> Şengör et al.<ref name=Sengoretal_2005>Şengör, A. M. C., Tüysüz, O., İmren, C., Sak ...re of type II and type III kerogen. Max Tmax value is 439.162°C (Ediger et al., 1996).

...in Basin, California] (abs.): AAPG Bulletin, v. 75, p. 368.</ref> Clark et al.<ref name=Clarketal_1996b>Clark, M. S., J. Melvin, and M. Kamerling, 1996,

...ly deforming region (brown). Adaptation and modification from (Teyssier et al, 1995;<ref name=TyesTik>Teyssier, Christian; Tikoff, Basil; Markley, Michel

...logs that may have permeability information associated with them. Wendt et al.<ref name=pt05r169>Wendt, W. A., S. Sakurai, and P. H. Nelson, 1986, Permea

:<math>\phi = \frac{V_p}{V_b} = \frac{nh_f w_f L}{AL}</math> * Harvey, P. K., et al. 2005. Petrophysical propoerties of Cristalline Rocks. London : The Geologi

...alia.</ref>. Organic geochemistry laboratory results summarized by Hall et al.<ref name=Hll /> indicate excellent source rock potential for the oil-prone

...st Virginia (abs.)]: AAPG Eastern Section Meeting.</ref> and Piotrowski et al.<ref>Piotrowski, R. G., S. A. Krajewski, and L. Heyman, 1977, Stratigraphy ...a: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, v. 1909, p. M1–M16.</ref> and Werne et al.,<ref name=Wrnetal>Werne, J. P., B. B. Sageman, T. W. Lyons, and D. J. Holl

* Fisk, H. N., et al, 1954, Sedimentary framework of the modern Mississippi delta: Jour. Sed. Pe * Horne, J. C., et al, 1978, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1977-79/data/pg/0062/00

Dickinson et. al.<ref>Dickinson, W. R., L. S. Beard, G. R. Brakenridge, J. L. Er­ javec, R. ...ings based on Mineral Composition in Sandstone (Derived from Dickinson et. al. (1983) in Boggs<ref name=Boggs />)

...050/0082.htm Delta building and the deltaic sequence]: in F. P. Shepard et al., eds., Recent sediments, northwest Gulf of Mexico: AAPG Special Publicatio ...tion borings, Coleman et al.,<ref name=Colemanetal_1974>Coleman, J. M., et al, 1974, Mass movements of Mississippi River delta sediments: Gulf Coast Asso

...m Co., Geology Branch, Batlesville, Oklahoma.</ref> and Hartkopf-Fröder et al.<ref name=Hartkopffroderetal_2015>Hartkopf-Fröder C., Königshof, P., Litt

...Neuquén [in Spanish]: Relatorio del XVIII Congreso Geológico Argentino, 2 al 6 de Mayo de 1011, Neuquén: Buenos Aires, Asociación Geológica Argentina ...arathon Ouachita thrust belt.<ref name=Frenzeletal_1988>Frenzel, H. N., et al., 1988, The Permian basin region, in L. L. Sloss, ed., Sedimentary cover—

...ross-sectional area. From a study of over 100 flowing gas wells, Turner et al.<ref name=pt09r24>Turner, R. G., M. G. Hubbard, A. E. Pukler, 1969, Analysi

...EL = Entre Lomas fault system; HU = Huincul High (modified from Howell et al.<ref> Howell, J. A., E. Schwarz, L. A. Spalletti, and G. D. Veiga, 2005, Th ...turity map of the Vaca Muerta Formation with leasing blocks (from Notta et al.<ref name=Notta>Notta R., E. Kruijs, V. Jain, G. Diaz-Perez, and H. Mandler

...and gas is usually low in subsurface reservoirs,<ref name=pt06r63>Katz et al., 1957, Handbook of Natural Gas Engineering: New York, McGraw-Hill, 802 p.<

...e Hartzog Draw field, Powder River basin, Wyoming. (Modified from Hearn et al.<ref name=pt06r51 />) (c) Lithofacies and (d) reservoir facies (flow unit)

...from deep-water sediments of the Nelson field, UK North Sea (from Kunka et al.<ref name=Kunkaetal_2003>Kunka, J. M., G. Williams, B. Cullen, J. Boyd-Gors ...sess the validity of the geological correlation for the reservoir (Shaw et al., 1996).

...lso shown by the carbon isotopic analysis of calcite cements, by Pitman et al.,<ref name=Ptmn2001 /> that were shown to be derived from marine carbonates ...g retained under the closed-system experimental conditions that Sandvik et al.<ref name=Sndvk1992 /> used.

...been published by Weimer and Sonnenberg<ref name=WeimSon1989 />, Dolson et al.<ref> Dolson, J. C., D. S. Muller, M. J. Evetts, and J. Stein, 1991, [https ...Province 39: USGS Digital Data Series DDS–69–P, 41 p.</ref> and Smagala et al.<ref name=Smag>Smagala, T. M., C. A. Brown, and G. L. Nydegger, 1984, Log-d

...evated concentration of a given element. C=carbon, O=oxygen, Mg=magnesium, Al=aluminum, Si=silicon, Ca=calcium.<ref name=Huangetal_2013 />

...ndbook: Richardson, TX, Society of Petroleum Engineers.</ref> and Craft et al.<ref name=pt10r7>Craft, B. C., M. Hawkins, and R. E. Terry, 1991, Applied P

...tentive capacity and a self-created storage capacity. Data from Sandvik et al.<ref>Sandvik, E. I., W. A. Young, and D. J. Curry, 1992, Expulsion from hyd ...l maturity. This was speculated to provide a means of storage by Jarvie et al.<ref name=Jrvie2006>Jarvie, B. M., D. M. Jarvie, T. E. Ruble, H. Alimi, and

...and where different kerogen components can be deposited together (Vail et al., in press). One example is the lower Tert ary of Labrador.

...better than others. For a thorough treatment of this subject, see Capen et al.,<ref name=pt02r3>Capen, E. C., R. V. Clapp, and W. W. Phelps, 1976, Growth

...t water saturations used in these assessments are overestimated (Blood, et al., 2020). While examining production in the core areas of the Marcellus shal

...he P-Wave velocity and Vs is the S-Wave velocity. According to Castagna et al,<ref>Castagna, J. P., Batzle, M. L., & Eastwood, R. L. (1985). Relationship

...e-volume-temperature). Two important general references on PVT are Katz et al.<ref name=pt10r18>Katz, D. L., 1959, Handbook of Natural Gas Engineering: N

...story and diagenesis.<ref name=Arourietal_2010>Arouri, K.R., Jenden, P.D., Al-Hajji, A.A., 2010. Petroleum inclusions atop Unayzah gas condensate reservo

...sing tourmaline (Ca, K, Na)(Al, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn)3(Al, Cr, Fe, V)6(BO3)3(Si, Al, B)6O18(OH, F)4, and zeolite (Na2Al2Si3O10.2H2O) is another important appli According to Finkelman et al,<ref name=Fnklman2005 /> the range and scope of medical geology include:

...ving stresses, resulting in a stagnant lid regime. Conversely, Valencia et al. (2007)<ref name=Valencia_etal /> concluded the increase in mantle velocity

...or more information on carbonate depositional environments, see Scholle et al.<ref name=Scholleetal_1983>Scholle, P. A., D. G. Bebout, and C. H. Moore, e

...tigations 285 and AAPG Memoir 118, p. 1–27.</ref>; modified from Dutton et al. <ref name=Duttn2005a /><ref name=Duttn2005b>Dutton, S. P., E. M. Kim, R. F ...sins]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 104, no. 12, p. 2463–2506.</ref> and Fairhurst et al.<ref name=Fairhrst2021 />

...Conversion and Management, v. 41, no. 9, p. 953–970.</ref> and Bradshaw et al.<ref name=Bradshawetal_2002 />). Possible drawbacks of saline formations ar

...reservoir heterogeneities of resulting sandstone bodies (e.g., Sneider et al.<ref name=pt06r130>Sneider, R. M., C. N. Tinker, and L. D. Meckel, 1978, De

* Bernard, H. A., et al, 1970, Brazos alluvial plain environment: Texas Bureau of Econ. Geol. Guide