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Page title matches

• Seal capacity
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...ck types. In addition, a number of other factors—depth, hydrocarbon phase, seal thickness, fault-dependent leak points—affect the height of trapped [[hyd
  1 KB (179 words) - 20:54, 31 March 2022
• Seal ductility
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal The most important mechanical property for evaluating seal integrity is [[ductility]]. Ductile rocks make good top seals; [[Brittlenes
  4 KB (510 words) - 15:22, 30 March 2022
• Seal thickness
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...ntrolled by [[fault]]-related [[spill point]]s that are independent of top seal thickness.
  3 KB (464 words) - 20:56, 31 March 2022
• Weyburn seal capacity
  ...his retain, especially since superficially the seal doesn't appear to be a seal at all. Instead, it consists of rocks with appreciable [[porosity]], local ...600 ft (180 m). Could rocks of the porous mudstone facies act as a lateral seal for this much oil column? To calculate oil column height, we use the follow
  10 KB (1,484 words) - 20:55, 4 December 2023
• Fault seal behaviour
  #REDIRECT [[Fault seal behavior]]
  33 bytes (4 words) - 13:57, 31 January 2014
• Intact top seal
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...that can be trapped can be calculated from the capillary properties of the seal pores system and the physical character of the hydrocarbons and pore fluids
  3 KB (357 words) - 15:08, 31 March 2022
• Hydrofractured seal leakage
  ...to [[fracture]] the rock. The result is natural hydraulic fracturing: the seal becomes hydrofractured and the petroleum leaks. Unlike other [[Fractured membrane seal leakage|fractured seals]], hydrofractures remain open only as long as [http
  5 KB (679 words) - 17:11, 1 February 2022
• Micropermeable seal leakage
  Micropermeable leakage is caused by a variety of seal failure mechanisms, as discussed in the following sections. ...t for a geologically significant amount of time if the permeability of the seal to petroleum is low enough. These seals most likely occur in young basins w
  5 KB (742 words) - 17:11, 1 February 2022
• Diffusive seal leakage
  ...water to a significant enough degree that diffusion through water in the [[seal]] rock can result in substantial loss of gas, given geological time. Becaus Only gas [[accumulation]]s can be destroyed by diffusive leakage. For most seal lithologies, loss by diffusion is very slow; so most gas accumulations are
  3 KB (410 words) - 18:03, 1 February 2022
• Seal failure prediction
  ...[Diffusive seal leakage]]). The most likely mechanism is controlled by the seal lithology and the geological history. ==Seal failure timing==
  4 KB (571 words) - 18:06, 1 February 2022
• Predicting overall seal failure
  #REDIRECT [[Seal failure prediction]]
  37 bytes (4 words) - 18:21, 21 August 2014
• Fault seal behavior
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...es.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1997/06jun/0897/0897.htm Quantitative fault seal prediction]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 81, no. 6, p. 897–917.</ref>
  4 KB (598 words) - 19:47, 24 March 2022
• Quantitative fault seal analysis
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...es.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1997/06jun/0897/0897.htm Quantitative fault seal prediction]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 81, no. 6, p. 897–917.</ref>
  9 KB (1,327 words) - 16:32, 29 March 2022
• Top seal strain estimation
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...kerlec, G., M., 1990, SEALS: A short course for risking top seal and fault seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, SEALS International, 600 p.</ref> Koch et al., 199
  5 KB (757 words) - 15:43, 30 March 2022
• Intact membrane seal leakage
  ...column) exceeds the seal capillary [[displacement pressure]]. This type of seal does not [[fracture]] during [[deformation]]. ...of the seal. Under these conditions, the relative [[permeability]] of the seal to petroleum is zero. The [[accumulation]] remains preserved until one of t
  3 KB (475 words) - 17:08, 1 February 2022
• Fractured membrane seal leakage
  ...exceeds the [[displacement pressure]] of the fracture [[porosity]] in the seal. Many rock types with high capillary [[displacement pressure]]s rarely seal petroleum [[accumulation]]s. These rocks are often characterized by [[Britt
  3 KB (478 words) - 17:09, 1 February 2022
• Evaluating intact top seal
  #REDIRECT [[Intact top seal]]
  29 bytes (4 words) - 20:33, 19 December 2014
• Example: evaluating top seal integrity
  #REDIRECT [[Top seal integrity: Central Graben example]]
  56 bytes (7 words) - 20:50, 19 December 2014
• Top seal displacement pressure
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...placement pressure of a seal depends on both the physical character of the seal (pore throat radius and pore throat size distribution) and the physical cha
  4 KB (530 words) - 15:56, 31 March 2022
• Fault seal-conduit studies
  Fault seal–conduit studies predict fault seal–conduit behavior and potential [[hydrocarbon column]] height, based on fa ...portant in [[trap]]s where faults play an important role in the critical [[seal]]. The analysis involves blending data on fault [[deformation]] mechanisms
  5 KB (638 words) - 14:17, 2 February 2022
• Fault seal breakdown during production
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...2, p. 363–374.</ref><ref name=ch10r10>Buck, S., Robertson, G., 1996, Fault seal behavior at Beryl field, UK North Sea: observations from 20 years of produc
  4 KB (530 words) - 15:21, 30 March 2022
• East Breaks seal rock
  ...ncasing the ''Glob alt'' sandstones provide local top seal and [[lateral]] seal. ...From Armentrout;<ref name=Armentrout1993>Armentrout, J. M., 1993, Relative seal-level variations and fault-salt response: offshore Texas examples: Proceedi
  5 KB (662 words) - 14:48, 19 December 2023
• Evaluating top seal integrity
  #REDIRECT [[Top and fault seal evaluation]]
  43 bytes (6 words) - 20:43, 19 December 2014
• Top seal ductility estimation
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal The [[Seal ductility|ductility of a top seal]] can be estimated (1) by using laboratory data and log-derived density val
  7 KB (1,000 words) - 15:22, 30 March 2022
• Evaluating top and fault seal
  #REDIRECT [[Top and fault seal evaluation]]
  43 bytes (6 words) - 19:53, 30 September 2014
• How fault zones affect seal
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...re and composition of fault zones and the many factors that could affect a seal, it has been surprising to find such a simple relationship, basin after bas
  4 KB (509 words) - 16:52, 29 March 2022
• Top seal integrity: Central Graben example
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...-seal_fig10-39.png|Figure 1]] is an example of evaluating, or risking, top seal integrity using two traps in the Central Graben, North Sea. One trap was [[
  6 KB (910 words) - 15:44, 30 March 2022
• How capillary properties control seal
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...sure of the seal, the seal leaks. For example, a shale top seal that could seal a 100-m column of oil might leak if the column increased to [[length::101 m
  2 KB (266 words) - 15:45, 31 March 2022
• Fault seal analysis example: Gulf Coast
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...field in the Gulf Coast and demonstrates the application of routine fault seal analysis.
  5 KB (769 words) - 18:12, 29 March 2022
• Fault seal and migration pathways
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...o a [[Trap systems: structural, stratigraphic, and fluidic|trap]]. [[Fault seal behavior|Fault seals]] control not only whether a trap retains hydrocarbons
  2 KB (261 words) - 18:12, 29 March 2022
• Seal capacity and trap type
  #REDIRECT [[Midale seal capacity and trap type]]
  48 bytes (7 words) - 21:28, 22 July 2014
• Seal and hydrocarbon yield estimates
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal * [[Fault seal and migration pathways]]
  2 KB (316 words) - 18:20, 29 March 2022
• Seal capacity of different rock types
  {{merge|Seal capacity}} | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal
  5 KB (760 words) - 20:55, 31 March 2022
• Top and fault seal evaluation
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...commonly risked in an intuitive, qualitative manner. However, quantitative seal analysis, using those few techniques available, improves success ratios and
  4 KB (528 words) - 17:48, 24 March 2022
• Midale seal capacity and trap type
  ==Significance of r_bt for seal capacity== ...he same facies as the Midale vuggy beds, analyzed here as a possible updip seal. This study shows the updip change in pore throat sizes could account for 2
  5 KB (723 words) - 17:02, 12 April 2022
• Limitations of quantitative fault seal analysis
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal Quantitative fault seal analysis is a proven tool in numerous basins. There are, however, limitatio
  3 KB (398 words) - 17:35, 29 March 2022
• Fault seal analysis for reservoir development
  .../ref><ref name=Knipe_1992>Knipe, R. J., 1992, Faulting processes and fault seal, ''in'' R. M. Larsen, H. Brekke, B. T. Larsen, and E. Talleraas, eds., Stru ...es.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1997/06jun/0897/0897.htm Quantitative fault seal prediction]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 81, no. 6, p. 897-917.</ref>. One method of
  14 KB (2,146 words) - 19:35, 13 September 2022
• Seal capacity: pitfalls and limitations of estimation
  {{merge|Seal capacity}} | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal
  2 KB (325 words) - 20:57, 31 March 2022
• Effect of seal on hydrocarbon yield estimates
  #REDIRECT [[Seal and hydrocarbon yield estimates]]
  50 bytes (6 words) - 20:18, 19 December 2014
• Pitfalls and limitations of estimating seal capacity
  #REDIRECT [[Seal capacity: pitfalls and limitations of estimation]]
  67 bytes (8 words) - 21:45, 21 May 2014
• Seal capacity variation with depth and hydrocarbon phase
  {{merge|Seal capacity}} | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal
  5 KB (765 words) - 20:55, 31 March 2022
• Example of routine fault seal analysis: gulf coast
  #REDIRECT [[Fault seal analysis example: Gulf Coast]]
  53 bytes (7 words) - 20:37, 22 August 2014
• Seal capacity and two-phase hydrocarbon columns
  {{merge|Seal capacity}} | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal
  3 KB (445 words) - 20:56, 31 March 2022
• Seal capacity of breached and hydrocarbon-wet seals
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...ain seals. In practice, however, hydrocarbons continue to flow through the seal until there is no longer a continuous hydrocarbon filament. Although the pr
  5 KB (693 words) - 14:23, 1 April 2022
• Variation in seal capacity with depth and hydrocarbon phase
  #REDIRECT [[Seal capacity variation with depth and hydrocarbon phase]]
  70 bytes (9 words) - 15:15, 21 July 2014
• Fault seal quantitative prediction: shale smear factor, shale gouge ratio, and smear gouge ratio
  ...utting a reservoir sequence, it is desirable to predict the likely [[Fault seal behavior|sealing behavior]] of each part of the fault system. ...erveld, R. C. M. W. Franssen, G. M. Ingram, and P. D. Richard, 1996, Fault seal processes, in Norwegian Petroleum Society, eds., Hydrocarbon seals-importan
  8 KB (1,307 words) - 16:05, 14 December 2016
• Fault seal quantitative prediction: shale smear factor, , shale gouge ratio, and smear gouge ratio
  #REDIRECT [[Fault seal quantitative prediction: shale smear factor, shale gouge ratio, and smear g
  110 bytes (15 words) - 21:32, 29 September 2014

Page text matches

• Ductility
  ...atapages.com/data/specpubs/beaumont/ch10/ch10.htm Evaluating top and fault seal], in E. A. Beaumont and N. H. Foster, Exploring for Oil and Gas Traps: [htt * [[Seal ductility]]
  990 bytes (151 words) - 14:30, 27 January 2016
• Seal capacity
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...ck types. In addition, a number of other factors—depth, hydrocarbon phase, seal thickness, fault-dependent leak points—affect the height of trapped [[hyd
  1 KB (179 words) - 20:54, 31 March 2022
• How capillary properties control seal
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...sure of the seal, the seal leaks. For example, a shale top seal that could seal a 100-m column of oil might leak if the column increased to [[length::101 m
  2 KB (266 words) - 15:45, 31 March 2022
• Seal capacity: pitfalls and limitations of estimation
  {{merge|Seal capacity}} | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal
  2 KB (325 words) - 20:57, 31 March 2022
• Fault seal behaviour
  #REDIRECT [[Fault seal behavior]]
  33 bytes (4 words) - 13:57, 31 January 2014
• Predicting overall seal failure
  #REDIRECT [[Seal failure prediction]]
  37 bytes (4 words) - 18:21, 21 August 2014
• Evaluating intact top seal
  #REDIRECT [[Intact top seal]]
  29 bytes (4 words) - 20:33, 19 December 2014
• Estimating ductility of top seals
  #REDIRECT [[Top seal ductility estimation]]
  43 bytes (5 words) - 20:26, 19 December 2014
• Estimating strain in top seals
  #REDIRECT [[Top seal strain estimation]]
  40 bytes (5 words) - 20:29, 19 December 2014
• Fault seal–conduit studies
  #REDIRECT [[Fault seal-conduit studies]]
  40 bytes (4 words) - 16:48, 22 January 2014
• Fault seal and migration pathways
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...o a [[Trap systems: structural, stratigraphic, and fluidic|trap]]. [[Fault seal behavior|Fault seals]] control not only whether a trap retains hydrocarbons
  2 KB (261 words) - 18:12, 29 March 2022
• Seal capacity and two-phase hydrocarbon columns
  {{merge|Seal capacity}} | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal
  3 KB (445 words) - 20:56, 31 March 2022
• Trap leakage
  ...or seal failure mechanisms form the basis for this section's discussion on seal leakage. ==Seal failure mechanisms==
  3 KB (445 words) - 16:58, 1 February 2022
• Example of routine fault seal analysis: gulf coast
  #REDIRECT [[Fault seal analysis example: Gulf Coast]]
  53 bytes (7 words) - 20:37, 22 August 2014
• Evaluating top and fault seal
  #REDIRECT [[Top and fault seal evaluation]]
  43 bytes (6 words) - 19:53, 30 September 2014
• Effect of seal on hydrocarbon yield estimates
  #REDIRECT [[Seal and hydrocarbon yield estimates]]
  50 bytes (6 words) - 20:18, 19 December 2014
• Evaluating top seal integrity
  #REDIRECT [[Top and fault seal evaluation]]
  43 bytes (6 words) - 20:43, 19 December 2014
• Example: evaluating top seal integrity
  #REDIRECT [[Top seal integrity: Central Graben example]]
  56 bytes (7 words) - 20:50, 19 December 2014
• Seal capacity and trap type
  #REDIRECT [[Midale seal capacity and trap type]]
  48 bytes (7 words) - 21:28, 22 July 2014
• Variation in seal capacity with depth and hydrocarbon phase
  #REDIRECT [[Seal capacity variation with depth and hydrocarbon phase]]
  70 bytes (9 words) - 15:15, 21 July 2014
• Pitfalls and limitations of estimating seal capacity
  #REDIRECT [[Seal capacity: pitfalls and limitations of estimation]]
  67 bytes (8 words) - 21:45, 21 May 2014
• Seal thickness
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...ntrolled by [[fault]]-related [[spill point]]s that are independent of top seal thickness.
  3 KB (464 words) - 20:56, 31 March 2022
• Top and fault seal evaluation
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...commonly risked in an intuitive, qualitative manner. However, quantitative seal analysis, using those few techniques available, improves success ratios and
  4 KB (528 words) - 17:48, 24 March 2022
• Limitations of quantitative fault seal analysis
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal Quantitative fault seal analysis is a proven tool in numerous basins. There are, however, limitatio
  3 KB (398 words) - 17:35, 29 March 2022
• Saturations required for hydrocarbon flow
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...s, interconnected pathway of hydrocarbon-filled pore space. Flow through a seal occurs with saturations of 4.5–17% of the rock pore volume, averaging 10%
  2 KB (313 words) - 13:57, 1 April 2022
• Intact membrane seal leakage
  ...column) exceeds the seal capillary [[displacement pressure]]. This type of seal does not [[fracture]] during [[deformation]]. ...of the seal. Under these conditions, the relative [[permeability]] of the seal to petroleum is zero. The [[accumulation]] remains preserved until one of t
  3 KB (475 words) - 17:08, 1 February 2022
• Reservoir simulations and field unitization
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...l analysis]] are required for realistic reservoir simulations. Neither the seal behavior, [[transmissibility]], [[permeability]], nor areas of sand/sand ju
  3 KB (479 words) - 15:21, 30 March 2022
• Seal failure prediction
  ...[Diffusive seal leakage]]). The most likely mechanism is controlled by the seal lithology and the geological history. ==Seal failure timing==
  4 KB (571 words) - 18:06, 1 February 2022
• Fractured membrane seal leakage
  ...exceeds the [[displacement pressure]] of the fracture [[porosity]] in the seal. Many rock types with high capillary [[displacement pressure]]s rarely seal petroleum [[accumulation]]s. These rocks are often characterized by [[Britt
  3 KB (478 words) - 17:09, 1 February 2022
• Intact top seal
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...that can be trapped can be calculated from the capillary properties of the seal pores system and the physical character of the hydrocarbons and pore fluids
  3 KB (357 words) - 15:08, 31 March 2022
• Fault seal behavior
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...es.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1997/06jun/0897/0897.htm Quantitative fault seal prediction]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 81, no. 6, p. 897–917.</ref>
  4 KB (598 words) - 19:47, 24 March 2022
• Seal capacity variation with depth and hydrocarbon phase
  {{merge|Seal capacity}} | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal
  5 KB (765 words) - 20:55, 31 March 2022
• Hydrocarbon column: calculation of maximum height
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...''P''_b is less than ''P''_d, it would be possible to seal a greater column of hydrocarbons.
  3 KB (488 words) - 16:13, 31 March 2022
• Percent fill: controlling factors
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal * Top seal capacity/integrity
  3 KB (471 words) - 21:50, 28 March 2022
• Diffusive seal leakage
  ...water to a significant enough degree that diffusion through water in the [[seal]] rock can result in substantial loss of gas, given geological time. Becaus Only gas [[accumulation]]s can be destroyed by diffusive leakage. For most seal lithologies, loss by diffusion is very slow; so most gas accumulations are
  3 KB (410 words) - 18:03, 1 February 2022
• Seal capacity of breached and hydrocarbon-wet seals
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...ain seals. In practice, however, hydrocarbons continue to flow through the seal until there is no longer a continuous hydrocarbon filament. Although the pr
  5 KB (693 words) - 14:23, 1 April 2022
• Smear-gouge ratio
  | title = Quantitative Fault Seal Prediction ...itical portion of the fault plane.<ref>Skerlec, G. M., 1996, Risking fault seal in the Gulf Coast (abs.): AAPG Annual Convention Program and Abstracts, v.
  911 bytes (124 words) - 13:49, 18 March 2019
• Fault-dependent leak points, continuity, and charge
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...ny basins the major control on hydrocarbon column heights is not the [[top seal displacement pressure|displacement pressure of top seals]] but fault-depend
  4 KB (556 words) - 20:56, 31 March 2022
• Strain analysis of top seals
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...kerlec, G., M., 1990, SEALS: A short course for risking top seal and fault seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, SEALS International, 600 p.</ref> Although fractur
  3 KB (403 words) - 15:21, 30 March 2022
• Fault seal quantitative prediction: shale smear factor, , shale gouge ratio, and smear gouge ratio
  #REDIRECT [[Fault seal quantitative prediction: shale smear factor, shale gouge ratio, and smear g
  110 bytes (15 words) - 21:32, 29 September 2014
• Displacement pressure estimation
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal In practice, the [[Top seal displacement pressure|displacement pressure]] (P_d) is estimated
  2 KB (258 words) - 18:41, 31 March 2022
• Migration pathway map construction
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...seal]] or [[Cross-leaking faults|cross-leak]] and [[Dip-sealing faults|dip-seal]] or [[Dip-leaking faults|dip-leak]].
  3 KB (405 words) - 18:19, 29 March 2022
• Natural hydraulic fracturing example, North Sea
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...y hole]] and has less-than-sufficient [[strain]] to [[fracture]] the top [[seal]].
  3 KB (430 words) - 19:46, 30 March 2022
• Fault seal analysis example: Gulf Coast
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...field in the Gulf Coast and demonstrates the application of routine fault seal analysis.
  5 KB (769 words) - 18:12, 29 March 2022
• How fault zones affect seal
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...re and composition of fault zones and the many factors that could affect a seal, it has been surprising to find such a simple relationship, basin after bas
  4 KB (509 words) - 16:52, 29 March 2022
• Midale seal capacity and trap type
  ==Significance of r_bt for seal capacity== ...he same facies as the Midale vuggy beds, analyzed here as a possible updip seal. This study shows the updip change in pore throat sizes could account for 2
  5 KB (723 words) - 17:02, 12 April 2022
• Displacement pressure: theory vs. reality
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...npublished abstract.</ref> Measured displacement pressures predict the top seal is capable of trapping 29–34 m (94–110 ft) of hydrocarbon. The actual c
  4 KB (587 words) - 13:36, 1 April 2022
• Seal ductility
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal The most important mechanical property for evaluating seal integrity is [[ductility]]. Ductile rocks make good top seals; [[Brittlenes
  4 KB (510 words) - 15:22, 30 March 2022
• Overpressure and hydrocarbon distribution, Gulf Coast
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...sk:_expected_value_and_chance_of_success#Probability_of_geological_success|seal risk]].<ref name=ch10r30>Fertl, W. H., and W. G. Leach, 1988, Economics of
  4 KB (605 words) - 20:30, 30 March 2022
• Fault control on hydrocarbon distribution
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...ccess#Probability_of_geological_success|Risking percent fill]] using fault seal analysis helps avoid needless wells.
  4 KB (515 words) - 21:31, 29 March 2022
• Dip-sealing fault
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal * [[Fault seal behavior]]
  2 KB (248 words) - 17:04, 28 March 2022
• Micropermeable seal leakage
  Micropermeable leakage is caused by a variety of seal failure mechanisms, as discussed in the following sections. ...t for a geologically significant amount of time if the permeability of the seal to petroleum is low enough. These seals most likely occur in young basins w
  5 KB (742 words) - 17:11, 1 February 2022
• Hydrofractured seal leakage
  ...to [[fracture]] the rock. The result is natural hydraulic fracturing: the seal becomes hydrofractured and the petroleum leaks. Unlike other [[Fractured membrane seal leakage|fractured seals]], hydrofractures remain open only as long as [http
  5 KB (679 words) - 17:11, 1 February 2022
• Hydrodynamic flow and pressure transients
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...not always static. Both hydrodynamic flow and pressure transients change [[seal capacity]].
  4 KB (477 words) - 14:34, 1 April 2022
• Pressure compartment seals
  A seal can be either a pressure seal, a capillary seal, or both. They are defined as follows: ...umn]]. Water can move through an interconnected pore system in a capillary seal.
  5 KB (763 words) - 17:58, 17 February 2022
• Accumulation
  ...ly or vertically, with pore throat sizes smaller than the carrier bed. The seal pore throat breakthrough pressure or the distance to the spill point of the
  1 KB (206 words) - 17:37, 27 January 2015
• Top seal strain estimation
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...kerlec, G., M., 1990, SEALS: A short course for risking top seal and fault seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, SEALS International, 600 p.</ref> Koch et al., 199
  5 KB (757 words) - 15:43, 30 March 2022
• Top seal ductility estimation
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal The [[Seal ductility|ductility of a top seal]] can be estimated (1) by using laboratory data and log-derived density val
  7 KB (1,000 words) - 15:22, 30 March 2022
• Seal and hydrocarbon yield estimates
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal * [[Fault seal and migration pathways]]
  2 KB (316 words) - 18:20, 29 March 2022
• Cross-sealing fault
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal Different pressures across a fault imply cross seal. In [[:file:evaluating-top-and-fault-seal_fig10-8.png|Figure 3]], wells 1 a
  3 KB (399 words) - 21:31, 24 March 2022
• Trap
  ...a geometric arrangement of permeable ([[reservoir]]) and less-permeable ([[seal]]) rocks which, when combined with the physical and chemical properties of * '''Trap seal'''—an impediment or barrier that interferes with hydrocarbon [[migration]
  4 KB (614 words) - 17:02, 12 April 2022
• Erosional trap regime
  ...th an unconformity. Top seal is provided by superunconformity beds; bottom seal is provided by sealing units beneath reservoir. ...rovided by topographic relief beneath an unconformity. || Buried hill; Top-seal closure created by positive erosional relief of reservoir beneath a sealing
  5 KB (588 words) - 16:13, 13 April 2022
• Stratigraphic trap seals
  ==Seal geometry== ...graphic]] and [[combination trap]]s require top, [[lateral]], and bottom [[seal]]s to retain a hydrocarbon [[accumulation]]. [[:file:exploring-for-stratigr
  5 KB (632 words) - 20:26, 3 February 2022
• Postprimary migration and compositional changes
  ...ective trapping of gas- and liquid-rich phases due to the quality of the [[seal]]. ==Seal leakage from traps with gas caps==
  5 KB (694 words) - 15:17, 14 February 2022
• Top seal displacement pressure
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...placement pressure of a seal depends on both the physical character of the seal (pore throat radius and pore throat size distribution) and the physical cha
  4 KB (530 words) - 15:56, 31 March 2022
• Top seal integrity: Central Graben example
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...-seal_fig10-39.png|Figure 1]] is an example of evaluating, or risking, top seal integrity using two traps in the Central Graben, North Sea. One trap was [[
  6 KB (910 words) - 15:44, 30 March 2022
• East Breaks seal rock
  ...ncasing the ''Glob alt'' sandstones provide local top seal and [[lateral]] seal. ...From Armentrout;<ref name=Armentrout1993>Armentrout, J. M., 1993, Relative seal-level variations and fault-salt response: offshore Texas examples: Proceedi
  5 KB (662 words) - 14:48, 19 December 2023
• Paleogeography
  ...eservoir]], [[The seven critical elements of hydrocarbon accumulation#Seal|seal]], or [[Source rock|source]] [[lithofacies]] by establishing the location o
  2 KB (242 words) - 15:48, 1 March 2022
• Fault seal breakdown during production
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...2, p. 363–374.</ref><ref name=ch10r10>Buck, S., Robertson, G., 1996, Fault seal behavior at Beryl field, UK North Sea: observations from 20 years of produc
  4 KB (530 words) - 15:21, 30 March 2022
• Seal capacity of different rock types
  {{merge|Seal capacity}} | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal
  5 KB (760 words) - 20:55, 31 March 2022
• Buoyancy pressure
  ...d by a [[Hydrocarbon column|column of hydrocarbons]] against the overlying seal is as follows: ...number|1}}Pressure-depth plot through an oil column trapped beneath a top seal.]]
  4 KB (596 words) - 18:37, 17 February 2022
• Pressure compartments
  ...accumulation]] of petroleum and the [[diagenesis]] of [[reservoir]]s and [[seal]]s. * [[Fracture|Fracturing]] of the top seal could be a key to primary and secondary hydrocarbon [[migration]] and locat
  6 KB (828 words) - 17:57, 17 February 2022
• Migration pathway
  ...continuity of both the carrier [[permeability]] network and the overlying seal. ...ructure [[contour]] map at the top of carrier beds or the base of regional seal. Highs focus flow; lows diffuse flow.
  6 KB (889 words) - 16:50, 29 March 2022
• Displacement pressure estimation from sedimentary facies and well logs
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...its to the amount of [[hydrocarbon]] that could be trapped beneath these [[seal]]s.
  5 KB (764 words) - 19:46, 31 March 2022
• Quantitative fault seal analysis
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...es.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1997/06jun/0897/0897.htm Quantitative fault seal prediction]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 81, no. 6, p. 897–917.</ref>
  9 KB (1,327 words) - 16:32, 29 March 2022
• How faults control trap fill and migration pathways
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...fill or [[Calculating charge volume|charge]] risks, depending upon [[fault seal behavior]].
  5 KB (785 words) - 17:04, 29 March 2022
• Fracture threshold in the real world
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...Skerlec, G. M., 1990, SEALS: A short course for risking top seal and fault seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, SEALS International, 600 p.</ref><ref name=ch10r21
  6 KB (930 words) - 15:49, 30 March 2022
• Paleogeography and prospect identification
  ...lowstand, rising, or highstand phases of sea level cycles? What about the seal facies? Is the trap the result of facies relationships that formed during a ...on gained in step 5, identify areas that may contain overlooked reservoir, seal, and [[source rock]]s in the same [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isochronou
  4 KB (491 words) - 14:27, 21 March 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems
  ...'s definition, the elements include [[source rock]], [[reservoir rock]], [[seal rock]], and [[overburden rock]]. Relevant processes include trap formation ...igration]] distance || Reservoir pressure || Pressure mechanism || Seal || Seal quality || Nature of upper boundary || Thermal maturity top of BCGA || Occu
  4 KB (469 words) - 19:01, 14 March 2016
• Dip-leaking fault
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...Skerlec, G. M., 1990, SEALS: A short course for risking top seal and fault seal: Franklin, Pennsylvania, SEALS International, 600 p.</ref>
  8 KB (1,130 words) - 17:14, 28 March 2022
• Pressure prediction: analysis of mud weights
  ...presence of [[Abnormal hydrostatic pressure|abnormal pressure]] below the seal. In general, mud weight should be a clue to be confirmed by other evidence.
  4 KB (572 words) - 17:56, 17 February 2022
• Reservoir system
  ...o buoyancy pressure). It has one or more containers and is located below a seal. ...of a [[reservoir]], just below the [[Seal capacity of different rock types|seal]], if there is a decrease in the size of the pore throat radii of the reser
  4 KB (579 words) - 14:34, 1 April 2022
• Predicting preservation and destruction of accumulations
  | Lack of integrity of sealing lithology allows petroleum to leak through the seal. ...rvation is a function of tectonic setting, trap type, depth of burial, and seal type.<ref name=ch11r24>Mcgregor, D. S., 1996, Factors controlling the destr
  5 KB (782 words) - 22:36, 31 January 2022
• Diagenetic traps: criteria for recognition
  ...present [[Dip|updip]] from known production within a given facies (updip [[seal]] vs. downdip [[reservoir]]) ...e potential bottom seal of the Frobisher [[anhydrite]] and beneath the top seal of the Mesozoic section. If only these trapping geometries were used to loc
  5 KB (611 words) - 21:06, 4 February 2022
• Structural lead and prospect delineation
  | Seal || * Integrity of seals (continuity and integrity of top seal; integrity and capacity of fault seals)
  4 KB (511 words) - 18:50, 3 February 2022
• Fault plane profile
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...g so, they show areas of sand/sand and sand/shale juxtaposition, establish seal relationships, define potential fault-dependent [[Trap leakage|leak points]
  9 KB (1,461 words) - 21:57, 28 March 2022
• Regional pressure compartments
  ...authigenic minerals (usually calcite) fill the pore spaces. The '''bottom seal''' of regional compartments is usually a well defined lithostratigraphic un ...ured within the pressure compartment, then back to normal below the bottom seal. Many regional pressure compartments contain smaller subregional and local
  6 KB (811 words) - 17:58, 17 February 2022
• Hydrocarbon accumulation: the seven critical elements
  * [[Seal]] ===Seal===
  5 KB (636 words) - 21:47, 1 February 2022
• Seismic facies mapping
  ...that contain potential [[trap]]s, [[Seal capacity of different rock types|seal rocks]], [[Reservoir quality|reservoir rocks]], or [[source rock]]s.
  3 KB (414 words) - 17:47, 4 February 2022
• Fault plane profile construction
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...g so, they show areas of sand/sand and sand/shale juxtaposition, establish seal relationships, define potential fault-dependent [[Trap leakage|leak points]
  6 KB (834 words) - 14:51, 29 March 2022
• Shale smear factor
  | title = Quantitative Fault Seal Prediction ...erveld, R. C. M. W. Franssen, G. M. Ingram, and P. D. Richard, 1996, Fault seal processes, in Norwegian Petroleum Society, eds., Hydrocarbon seals-importan
  3 KB (437 words) - 20:02, 13 December 2016
• Weyburn field location and trap problem
  ...l for a 600-ft oil column, or must hydrodynamics be present to augment the seal quality of the Midale marly beds? * [[Weyburn seal capacity]]
  6 KB (848 words) - 17:34, 3 January 2024
• Measuring displacement pressure using mercury injection
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...lt-seal_fig10-49.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|2}}Chart showing range of seal capacities for the different facies. Data from Vavra et al.<ref name=ch10r8
  5 KB (749 words) - 19:46, 31 March 2022
• Systems tracts and trap types
  ...are most often encased within marine hemipelagic mudstones, which serve as seal and sometimes potential [[source rock]]. Traps are often stratigraphic, but ...f the [[lithofacies]] forming the preceding shelf edge can provide lateral seal, the prograding complex reservoir facies may become charged with hydrocarbo
  9 KB (1,239 words) - 16:58, 24 February 2022
• Cross-leaking fault
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal ...an important method of assessing percent fill in prospects and determining seal behavior in existing fields. JLLPs exist only if the fault is cross leaking
  8 KB (1,155 words) - 21:31, 24 March 2022
• Depositional sequence analysis of plays
  ...is an effective concept for assessing the quality and location of source, seal, and reservoir rocks. However, most researchers caution against blindly app # Identify potential seal- and reservoir-quality rocks using seismic facies and [[lithofacies]] shown
  8 KB (1,184 words) - 20:44, 4 February 2022
• Depositional trap regime
  ...d primarily by processes that created facies changes between reservoir and seal-quality rocks. Besides deposition by sedimentary processes, this regime als ...olspan = 2 | ''Sandstone reservoirs''; Partially or completely isolated by seal.
  10 KB (1,231 words) - 20:28, 4 January 2024
• Depositional systems tract
  ...depositional systems tract. These maps help us predict [[reservoir]] and [[seal]] rock as well as delineate probable [[migration]] avenues. From integrated
  2 KB (215 words) - 15:43, 23 February 2022
• Fault seal analysis for reservoir development
  .../ref><ref name=Knipe_1992>Knipe, R. J., 1992, Faulting processes and fault seal, ''in'' R. M. Larsen, H. Brekke, B. T. Larsen, and E. Talleraas, eds., Stru ...es.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1997/06jun/0897/0897.htm Quantitative fault seal prediction]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 81, no. 6, p. 897-917.</ref>. One method of
  14 KB (2,146 words) - 19:35, 13 September 2022
• Natural hydraulic fracturing of top seals
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal [[Fracture|Fracturing]] and consequent loss of top seal integrity can occur by increasing pore pressure. High pore pressure can ove
  9 KB (1,274 words) - 15:44, 30 March 2022
• Petroleum system concept: examples of application
  Linking the elements (source, reservoir, seal, and overburden) to the processes of [[petroleum]] geology (trap formation ...structural [[deformation]]. Tectonic stability is critical for maintaining seal integrity. Laterally drained systems are most commonly found in fore-deep a
  7 KB (1,083 words) - 21:59, 25 January 2022
• Midale water saturation and pore geometry
  * [[Weyburn seal capacity]] * [[Midale seal capacity and trap type]]
  4 KB (588 words) - 17:01, 12 April 2022
• Displacement pressure estimation from pore size
  | chapter = Evaluating top and fault seal Predicting top seal capacity is difficult—even in idealized experiments in which all variable
  5 KB (766 words) - 22:55, 2 February 2016
• Petroleum system
  ...m geology, including: the essential elements ([[source]], [[reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[overburden rock]]) and processes ([[trap formation]], [[generation * [[Seal]] rock
  5 KB (634 words) - 17:54, 25 January 2022
• Trap classification levels
  * Composition—the makeup of the [[reservoir]], [[seal]], or fluid that creates or defines the trap boundaries. ...marine carbonate trap, was the closure formed because of the reservoir and seal facies relationships of a reef, an oolite bar, or a tidal channel?
  5 KB (665 words) - 18:47, 12 April 2022
• Trap geometry: changes
  ...ill result in rapid spillage. If further fault movement restores favorable seal juxtaposition (C, at t = 3), additional petroleum charge will be needed to ...lts likely to cut the seal at the [[accumulation]] should be less than the seal thickness to avoid spillage by juxtaposition across the fault plane.
  6 KB (845 words) - 15:29, 1 February 2022
• Diagenetic trap regime
  ...diagenetic processes that created or modified either the reservoir or the seal are somewhat difficult to establish because not all diagenetic processes ar ...rgely independent of the original depositional environment of reservoir or seal.
  5 KB (645 words) - 16:14, 13 April 2022
• Petrophysical analysis of lithofacies
  ...o much, then a relationship exists between [[lithofacies]] and reservoiror seal-quality rocks that we can use when prospecting for stratigraphic traps. A p ...a relationship exists between the development of reservoir-quality rocks, seal-quality rocks, and lithofacies that can be used to predict location and eco
  6 KB (763 words) - 18:53, 4 February 2022
• Molyneux:sandbox
  * [[Fault seal]] * [[Seal]]
  5 KB (543 words) - 23:45, 8 January 2015
• Suggested pages
  ** [[Seal]]
  2 KB (215 words) - 20:43, 10 August 2015
• Fault seal quantitative prediction: shale smear factor, shale gouge ratio, and smear gouge ratio
  ...utting a reservoir sequence, it is desirable to predict the likely [[Fault seal behavior|sealing behavior]] of each part of the fault system. ...erveld, R. C. M. W. Franssen, G. M. Ingram, and P. D. Richard, 1996, Fault seal processes, in Norwegian Petroleum Society, eds., Hydrocarbon seals-importan
  8 KB (1,307 words) - 16:05, 14 December 2016
• Weyburn seal capacity
  ...his retain, especially since superficially the seal doesn't appear to be a seal at all. Instead, it consists of rocks with appreciable [[porosity]], local ...600 ft (180 m). Could rocks of the porous mudstone facies act as a lateral seal for this much oil column? To calculate oil column height, we use the follow
  10 KB (1,484 words) - 20:55, 4 December 2023
• Fault seal-conduit studies
  Fault seal–conduit studies predict fault seal–conduit behavior and potential [[hydrocarbon column]] height, based on fa ...portant in [[trap]]s where faults play an important role in the critical [[seal]]. The analysis involves blending data on fault [[deformation]] mechanisms
  5 KB (638 words) - 14:17, 2 February 2022
• Midale porosity, pore geometries, and petrophysics
  * [[Weyburn seal capacity]] * [[Midale seal capacity and trap type]]
  5 KB (659 words) - 16:54, 12 April 2022
• Lithofacies analysis
  ...ty]] and [[permeability]] data (if available) from potential reservoir and seal intervals.
  2 KB (317 words) - 18:52, 4 February 2022
• Reducing exploration risk
  ...reservoir and seal rocks and the trapping geometry formed by the reservoir–seal interface. '''Timing''' is whether the trap formed before the petroleum cha ...cted using geologic principals. A similar procedure is carried out for the seal and trapping geometry. These subevents must be reduced to a single number b
  8 KB (1,240 words) - 20:43, 25 January 2022
• Types of diagenetic traps
  * Bottom seal generated below oil-water contacts by [[Postaccumulation cementation|late c
  2 KB (294 words) - 21:01, 4 February 2022
• Pressure prediction: analysis of cuttings
  ...cutting samples should alert the geologist to the potential of a pressure seal.
  5 KB (818 words) - 17:56, 17 February 2022
• Hydrocarbon expulsion, migration, and accumulation
  ...ly or vertically, with pore throat sizes smaller than the carrier bed. The seal pore throat breakthrough pressure or the distance to the spill point of the
  6 KB (828 words) - 16:32, 4 April 2022
• Trap spillage
  * Areas of structural growth after charging can leak if the seal is fractured during deformation (see [[Leakage]]).
  3 KB (341 words) - 22:36, 31 January 2022
• Structural play geology
  ...s only on structural geometry and ignore the other three elements. Timing, seal, reservoir, and process are what relate structural geometry to the petroleu ==Reservoir and seal deformation==
  18 KB (2,422 words) - 14:21, 2 February 2022
• East Breaks petroleum system
  * [[East Breaks seal rock]]
  3 KB (378 words) - 18:45, 21 March 2022
• Midale lithofacies and distribution
  * [[Weyburn seal capacity]] * [[Midale seal capacity and trap type]]
  6 KB (842 words) - 18:50, 4 December 2023
• Capillary pressure
  * Seal capacity (thickness of [[hydrocarbon column]] a seal can hold before it leaks) Evaluating capillary pressure of potential reservoir and seal rocks is important because capillarity controls the static distribution of
  23 KB (3,315 words) - 16:59, 19 January 2022
• Mapping paleogeography
  ...ysis. Favorable sites for deposition of [[Reservoir quality|reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[source rock]]s can be ascertained from paleogeographic maps.
  3 KB (346 words) - 20:13, 4 February 2022
• Trap systems: structural, stratigraphic, and fluidic
  ...yndepositional]] [[deformation]] or displacement of [[reservoir]] and/or [[seal]]ing units
  3 KB (405 words) - 17:44, 12 April 2022
• 2021 Middle East Wiki Write Off
  * Alfian Gilang Gumelar [[Fault seal analysis for reservoir development]]
  2 KB (293 words) - 13:02, 31 May 2022
• East Breaks hydrocarbon migration model
  ...ch cycle. [[Migration]] through matrix [[porosity]] of these effective top-seal mudstones is highly unlikely. Thus, vertical migration along faults is the ...nsed-section mudstones are often thick enough to provide effective lateral seal except where faults offset juxtaposed sandstones.
  10 KB (1,376 words) - 16:00, 23 March 2022
• Barnett shale play
  ...in province showing the distribution of source rocks, reservoir rocks, and seal rocks of the Barnett-Paleozoic Total Petroleum System. From Pollastro.<ref> ...issippian aged organic rich shale. It serves as the reservoir, source and seal for the Newark East field. It is also the primary source for petroleum in
  6 KB (909 words) - 19:24, 14 March 2019
• Underpressure causes
  ...erodes. For example, drain a bottle filled with hot water and immediately seal the bottle back up by screwing on the cap. The bottle will be underpressure
  3 KB (390 words) - 16:23, 16 February 2022
• Pressure prediction: reconstructing burial history
  ...[charging]] stage, molecular composition of the fluids, effectiveness of [[seal]]s, and original and current temperatures.
  3 KB (408 words) - 17:56, 17 February 2022
• Stratigraphic predictions from computer simulation
  ...and extrapolate distributions of potential organic-rich [[source rock]], [[seal]] rock, and reservoir rock. ...imulation is achieved, it can be used to infer the distribution of source, seal, and reservoir rock between well control and beyond into undrilled areas.
  7 KB (895 words) - 16:18, 24 March 2022
• Covenant field
  ...ddle Jurassic Twin Peaks Limestone and Arapien Shale form the cap rocks or seal for the field. From Parry, et. al.<ref name=Parry />]] ...entral Utah thrust belt contained the right components of trap, reservoir, seal, source and migration history for large accumulations of oil to occur. In r
  6 KB (897 words) - 19:39, 14 February 2017
• Superimposed sea level cycles
  ...ion are likely to deposit regionally extensive muds, forming potential top seal for underlying regressive sands. During the dominantly transgressive phases ...to organic-rich transgressive mudstones and are overlain by effective top seal.
  11 KB (1,469 words) - 15:06, 5 January 2024
• Migration distance: vertical and lateral
  * High-quality regional seal
  3 KB (413 words) - 15:19, 14 February 2022
• Pore system fundamentals
  ...morphology. These elements play a role in determining [[reservoir]] and [[seal]] petrophysics (the characteristic way that oil, gas, and water move throug
  3 KB (388 words) - 13:52, 4 April 2022
• Fluid-composition trap regime
  ...r [[grahamite]]). || ''Tar Seals'' || ''Bacterial degradation;'' Updip tar seal created by [[bacteria degradation]] of the hydrocarbons, preferentially rem
  3 KB (402 words) - 16:31, 13 April 2022
• Shale gouge ratio
  | title = Quantitative Fault Seal Prediction
  3 KB (473 words) - 20:04, 11 March 2015
• Postaccumulation cementation
  ...proach that of moderate-quality seals. As a result, a lithology that could seal an accumulation at shallow depth may no longer be effective at deeper depth
  3 KB (430 words) - 15:35, 1 February 2022
• Setting and structure of the Sorrento field
  ...es]] lap onto marine shale at the margins of the valley, forming lateral [[seal]]s.
  3 KB (429 words) - 14:19, 11 April 2022
• Silurian Qusaiba shales
  ...ments of the two petroleum systems (e.g., [[source]], [[reservoir]], and [[seal]] characteristics) show significant differences. The [[Paleozoic Petroleum ...arbonate]]s (the major reservoir being the [[Arab Formation]]). Regional [[seal]]s are provided by Arab [[anhydrite]]s and the evaporitic [[Hith Formation]
  18 KB (2,569 words) - 22:50, 8 January 2019
• East Breaks hydrocarbon accumulation model
  ...the upper slope system.<ref name=ch04r8>Armentrout, J., M., 1993, Relative seal-level variations and fault-salt response: offshore Texas examples: Proceedi ...dicate hydrocarbon-charged sands. Bioevent horizons correlate with the top seal above each reservoir interval. Only the lower ''Trim A'' and ''Glob alt'' r
  8 KB (1,015 words) - 16:59, 23 March 2022
• East Breaks trap formation
  ...subsequently filled by mud, providing both top seal and up dip [[lateral]] seal.<ref name=ch04r22 /><ref name=ch04r36>Galloway, W. E., and T. A. McGilvery,
  7 KB (1,022 words) - 21:54, 22 March 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: elements and processes
  ...asFig2.jpg|Figure 1]]). The nature of these fluid boundaries is related to seal integrity. Seals in BCGAs range from lithologic to relative permeability, o ...name=Ryderandzagorski_2003 /> whereas the upper, top seal is a lithologic seal composed of [[evaporite]], shale, and carbonate.<ref name=Drozdandcole_1994
  20 KB (2,949 words) - 18:24, 6 April 2016
• Identifying sea level cycle phase with biostratigraphy
  ...inition and subdivision and facies distribution of potential reservoir and seal rocks (see Armentrout et al<ref name=ch04r12>Armentrout, J. M., L. B. Fearn ...eir relationship to lithofacies distribution for potential reservoir rock, seal rock, and [[source rock]]. Part A is a presandstone interval map, showing a
  11 KB (1,548 words) - 16:58, 24 February 2022
• Petrofabrics
  * [[Fault seal-conduit studies]]
  4 KB (447 words) - 15:17, 3 February 2022
• Petroleum exploration
  ...permeable rock. If the fluids continue to migrate when there is no trap or seal, it would go to the surface and dissipate. ...etroleum system. It should has reservoir rock to absorb oil, seal rocks to seal the oil, trap to keep the oil accumulation, and you have to know when and w
  15 KB (2,331 words) - 19:12, 17 April 2019
• Mandal-Ekofisk(!) petroleum system
  ...synrift sedimentary section contains the source rock. The reservoir rock, seal rock, and overburden rock were deposited during the postrift period of sedi ...of Cretaceous to [[Cenozoic]] age was deposited after the rift formed. The seal rock ranges from Permian to Neogene and consists of [[halite]], shale, and
  9 KB (1,184 words) - 18:46, 3 March 2016
• Thelma field
  ...ganic-rich [[shale]]s (the Kimmeridge Clay Formation), which act as both [[seal]] and principal [[source rock]] to the Brae Play. The Brae trend itself com ...nd, in conjunction with Lower Cretaceous shales, provides the ultimate top seal and principal [[source rock]]. Middle Jurassic [[coal]]s and organic shales
  17 KB (2,614 words) - 19:14, 17 January 2022
• Hydrodynamics: change in configuration
  ...f the tilt of the fluid contact exceeds the [[dip]] of the [[reservoir]]-[[seal]] interface on the down-potential (flow downdip) side of the trap, the [[ac
  5 KB (625 words) - 15:31, 1 February 2022
• Plate tectonic studies
  ...ral trap development and other hydrocarbon systems events, such as source, seal, and reservoir deposition
  4 KB (601 words) - 18:22, 2 February 2022
• Migration rate calculation
  [[Hydrocarbon migration|Migration]] [[upslope]] under a seal occurs when buoyancy is greater than capillary pressure, or
  4 KB (618 words) - 19:40, 14 February 2022
• Identifying depositional sequences in seismic sections
  ...ght: Armentrout;<ref name=Armentrout1993>Armentrout, J. M., 1993, Relative seal-level variations and fault-salt response: offshore Texas examples: Proceedi .... G. Todd, 1981, North Sea Jurassic unconformities, chronostratigraphy and seal-level changes from seismic stratigraphy: Proceedings, Petroleum Geology of
  10 KB (1,394 words) - 21:47, 22 February 2022
• Diagenesis: information from petrology
  ...degraded the reservoir's quality. Oil traps could occur [[Dip|updip]] if [[seal]]s were present during the [[migration]] event.
  4 KB (544 words) - 21:38, 4 February 2022
• Seismic interpretation
  * Seismic facies maps for reservoir, source, or seal analysis * Fault plane maps with cross-fault sand juxtaposition for seal analysis
  10 KB (1,520 words) - 18:48, 21 January 2022
• Tight gas reservoirs: evaluation
  ...these mudstone facies and substantiates its importance as a stratigraphic seal. Note the laterally discontinuous nature of individual reservoir sandstone
  11 KB (1,444 words) - 21:26, 4 January 2024
• Structurally complex reservoirs: evaluation
  ...hatchured, whereas seal horizons are shown white. Note the effect of thick seal trapping across the fault. (From Allan.<ref name=Allan_1989 />) ...ype of section allows the interpreter to perceive top seal and cross fault seal potential and pill points and to identify undrilled prospective fault block
  20 KB (2,865 words) - 19:24, 19 January 2022
• Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage
  ...e drawbacks of saline formations are that the containment potential of the seal is commonly untested and limited amounts of data are commonly available for ...tically dependent on the vertical permeability and the geometry of the top seal but is predicted to occur on a scale of hundreds to thousands of years.<ref
  37 KB (5,487 words) - 21:14, 11 March 2019
• East Breaks critical moment
  ...the present. It is that time period after deposition of the reservoir and seal during which subsequent [[growth fault]] movement formed the anticlinal tra
  5 KB (715 words) - 17:07, 23 March 2022
• Selling a structural play
  ...rmine whether results from considering structural timing and reservoir and seal quality are consistent with current mechanical models of [[fold]] and fault
  5 KB (738 words) - 15:58, 2 February 2022
• Great American carbonate bank
  ...the Sauk-Tippecanoe [[unconformity]], in association with source rock and seal; however, production can occur in strata many hundreds of feet below this u
  5 KB (768 words) - 18:39, 1 August 2016
• Fracture analysis
  * [[Fault seal-conduit studies]]
  5 KB (644 words) - 15:30, 3 February 2022
• Facies map
  ...reconstruct [[paleogeography]], from which we can predict [[reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[source rock]] distribution. Facies maps are made at an [http://en. # Map areas of potential [[reservoir]] and [[seal]] [[Lithofacies|facies]] that occur between two isochronous surfaces.
  15 KB (2,070 words) - 20:34, 7 July 2016
• Recognizing stacked depositional sequences in seismic profiles
  .... Copyright: Armentrout<ref name=Arm1993>Armentrout, J. M., 1993, Relative seal-level variations and fault-salt response: offshore Texas examples: Proceedi
  5 KB (698 words) - 14:57, 23 February 2022
• Austin Chalk, Tokio, and Eutaw Formations, U.S. Onshore Gulf Coast (USGS)
  ...pirs facilitate migration into these units and act as reservoir, trap, and seal in conventional fields<ref name=Nehring>Nehring Associates, Inc., 2019, Sig
  6 KB (846 words) - 20:58, 6 April 2021
• Hydrocarbon migration
  * Lithologic layers slow or restrict the vertical movement of hydrocarbons. [[Seal]]s deflect the hydrocarbons laterally up [[dip]] through underlying beds to
  6 KB (865 words) - 14:33, 6 April 2016
• East Breaks reservoir rock
  ...d; section B is interpreted. The reservoir thins southward between the top seal at the ''Glob alt'' condensed section datum and the underlying, unlabeled d * [[East Breaks seal rock]]
  13 KB (1,771 words) - 17:24, 5 December 2023
• Migration rate
  * [[Leakage]] through the seal
  6 KB (877 words) - 19:33, 14 February 2022
• Barmer basin
  ...e on [[source rock]] properties, [[heat flow]], [[reservoir]] types, and [[seal rock]] properties has been collected from exploration and appraisal wells t ...nt day ([[:file:M114CH03FG03.jpg|Figure 3]]). North of these fields’ top [[seal]]s are commonly absent in the basin with the main reservoirs being close to
  24 KB (3,528 words) - 22:50, 8 January 2019
• Factors that cause migration
  ...lack of significant transport of benzene and toluene through barriers or [[seal]]s indicates diffusion and active aqueous solution transport are minor mech
  6 KB (918 words) - 15:16, 14 February 2022
• Age model chart
  ...n in the GOM basin. From Armentrout;<ref>Armentrout, J. M., 1993, Relative seal-level variations and fault-salt response: offshore Texas examples: Proceedi ...acterized by slow sedimentation and deposition of regionally effective top seal.
  13 KB (1,871 words) - 20:06, 24 February 2022
• East Breaks overburden rock
  * [[East Breaks seal rock]]
  6 KB (929 words) - 19:41, 22 March 2022
• Migration by solution in water
  ...uantities of light hydrocarbons can diffuse into this section of overlying seal.
  6 KB (915 words) - 15:16, 14 February 2022
• Systems tracts identification
  ...itional environments within each lets us predict possible [[reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[Calculating charge volume|charge system]] for each potential trap. ...nference, p. 7–18.</ref><ref name=ch04r8>Armentrout, J. M., 1993, Relative seal-level variations and fault-salt response: offshore Texas examples: Proceedi
  15 KB (2,029 words) - 21:21, 23 February 2022
• Risk: expected value and chance of success
  ...ckness, differential [[permeability]], and fault history all influence the seal question. The second question is about ''timing,'' as noted in item #3 abov ...9. The chief geological risk concerns whether a key fault will or will not seal, and the geologist assesses this as a 50/50 proposition. Thus, the perceive
  22 KB (3,173 words) - 19:27, 19 January 2022
• Mapping unconformities
  ...best locations for truncation or onlap traps on the basis of the location seal and reservoir-quality rocks.
  7 KB (977 words) - 20:39, 4 February 2022
• Sea level cycle order
  ...equence is important for predicting the location and type of reservoir and seal and the location of potential [[source rock]]s.
  7 KB (982 words) - 21:20, 23 February 2022
• Faults: structural geology
  ...http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2004/07jul/0885/0885.HTM Fault-seal analysis using a stochastic multi-fault approach]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 88, no ...ves.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1997/02feb/0187/0187.htm Juxtaposition and seal diagrams to help analyze fault seals in hydrocarbon reservoirs]: AAPG Bulle
  63 KB (9,496 words) - 16:51, 15 January 2024
• Trap classification
  ...eometry, or which class describes compositional makeup of the reservoir or seal or fluid that creates or defines trap boundaries?
  8 KB (1,207 words) - 16:33, 13 April 2022
• Factors that oppose hydrocarbon migration
  ...—ones that don't leak at all—rarely occur. Pressure minimums are a perfect seal. When all the forces acting on a hydrocarbon mass are resolved and a local
  8 KB (1,133 words) - 15:16, 14 February 2022
• Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
  ...p://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/mem67/ch01/ch01.htm Comparison of seal capacity determinations: Conventional cores vs. cuttings], in Surdam, R. C.
  16 KB (2,441 words) - 20:24, 23 January 2019
• Basin-centered gas systems: global distribution
  ...eton<ref name=Heandmiddleton_2002>He, S., and M. Middleton, 2002, Pressure seal and modeling of the Jurassic overpressure in the Barrow Sub-basin, northwes ...ect systems is not known; therefore, because of the perceptions of a leaky seal in direct systems, the occurrence of direct systems in pre-Cretaceous rocks
  27 KB (3,753 words) - 14:53, 12 March 2019
• East Breaks source rock
  * [[East Breaks seal rock]]
  7 KB (1,080 words) - 17:44, 23 March 2022
• Iraq petroleum geology
  |+ {{table number|3}}List of reservoir name, age, and strata type, and seal name and strata type, for fields that have produced oil and gas. Alternativ ...| Reservoir Name || Reservoir Age || Reservoir Strata Type || Seal Name || Seal Strata Type || Comments
  78 KB (7,926 words) - 16:25, 30 January 2017
• Surface production equipment
  ...surface that provides support for the tubulars inside the well, a pressure seal between the tubulars, and a means of controlling production from the well.
  9 KB (1,343 words) - 18:42, 20 January 2022
• Hammerfest basin
  ...basins: Global and Planetary Change, v. 12, p. 415–436.</ref>), increased seal brittleness at shallow depths (Doré, 1995<ref name=Dore1995>Doré, A. G. 1 ...s.com/data/specpubs/hedberg2/chapter16/CHAPTER16.HTM Using gas chimneys in seal integrity analysis: A discussion based on case histories], in P. Boult and
  23 KB (3,382 words) - 18:40, 10 January 2019
• Identifying depositional sequences from biostratigraphic data
  ...e sediment accumulation.<ref name=ch04r8>Armentrout, J. M., 1993, Relative seal-level variations and fault-salt response: offshore Texas examples: Proceedi
  9 KB (1,143 words) - 14:57, 23 February 2022
• Near-surface destruction
  Where the reservoir is exhumed or where the seal is breached near the surface, light molecular species will evaporate into t
  8 KB (1,193 words) - 18:51, 1 February 2022
• Amplitude variations with offset (AVO)
  Class 2 sandstone has almost equally acoustic impedance with its cover (seal rock) and the amplitude which is increasing proportionally to the offset. C
  9 KB (1,404 words) - 21:39, 27 March 2019
• Ellesmerian(!) petroleum system
  | Seal Island
  10 KB (1,241 words) - 20:11, 25 January 2022
• Israel petroleum systems
  ...ation || Reservoir Type || Hydrocarbon Type || Trap Type || Source Rock || Seal Rock || Produced by 2001 (MMBO &/or BCFG) || Recoverable Resources (MMBO &/
  10 KB (1,276 words) - 21:00, 19 July 2016
• Wellsite safety
  ...a good face mask fit is essential. Because facial hair tends to break the seal, beards are often not permitted on the wellsite. On drilling rigs where kno
  9 KB (1,411 words) - 15:10, 24 January 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: examples
  ...s in the overlying Upper Silurian.<ref name=Drozdandcole_1994 /> The updip seal has been identified as a water block.<ref name=Zagorski_1988 /><ref name=Za
  25 KB (3,445 words) - 19:01, 14 March 2016
• Llanos basin
  ...the [[reservoir]]s, the potential [[source rock]]s, and the regional top [[seal]]. On the left, a [[stratigraphy|stratigraphic]] column of the [[siliciclas ...y these small offset east dipping normal faults, which are considered as [[seal]] based on the exploration results. [[Stratigraphy|Stratigraphic]] traps al
  23 KB (3,247 words) - 22:50, 8 January 2019
• Workovers
  ...centrally, at least across the productive intervals, to obtain a hydraulic seal and casing support. Inside the production casing, even smaller equipment is
  12 KB (1,834 words) - 15:25, 24 January 2022
• Prudhoe Bay field
  ...the Shublik and Sag River Formations. The Jurassic Kingak Shale forms the seal.
  11 KB (1,634 words) - 16:34, 26 April 2016
• Iran petroleum systems
  ...|300px|{{figure number|3}}Schematic stratigraphy and source rock-reservoir-seal relationship for the Dezful embayment and neighboring areas. Main source ro ...re defined based on the association of source rocks, [[reservoir]]s, and [[seal]]s ([[:file:M106Ch14Fig05.jpg|Figure 3]], [[:file:M106Ch14Fig07.jpg|Figure
  27 KB (3,901 words) - 13:51, 26 January 2017
• Chromatography
  * [[Fault seal analysis for reservoir development]]
  15 KB (2,280 words) - 21:00, 21 April 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: development
  ...eton<ref name=Heandmiddleton_2002>He, S., and M. Middleton, 2002, Pressure seal and modeling of the Jurassic overpressure in the Barrow Sub-basin, northwes ...his phase is the necessity for the presence of an effective lithologic top seal in reservoirs formerly occupied by discrete oil accumulations.
  34 KB (4,772 words) - 14:44, 12 March 2019
• Biostratigraphic applications in hydrocarbon exploration
  ...ll provide a trapping mechanism where overlying sediments provide a viable seal).
  14 KB (1,899 words) - 21:03, 21 April 2022
• Contourites
  ...regionally develop large and thick accumulations, which have an important seal potential for trapping hydrocarbon. The depth, thickness, extent and proper
  13 KB (1,889 words) - 19:11, 6 April 2016
• Super basins
  ...Retention of oil and gas is conducted by shales, limestones and evaporite seal rocks. Traps occur in diverse styles due to salt tectonics (salt canopy, fa * [[Fault seal analysis for reservoir development]]
  27 KB (3,791 words) - 19:35, 11 October 2022
• Kingfisher field
  ...om, the [[Brae area]] fields as well as providing top, base, and lateral [[seal]]s to the hydrocarbon accumulations.
  16 KB (2,358 words) - 16:28, 11 January 2024
• Basin-centered gas systems: evaluation and exploration strategies
  ...igration]] distance || Reservoir pressure || Pressure mechanism || Seal || Seal quality || Nature of upper boundary || Thermal maturity top of BCGA || Occu
  34 KB (5,070 words) - 15:11, 23 August 2016
• Biostratigraphy in sequence stratigraphy
  ...ral and areal distribution of [[reservoir]], [[Source rock|source]], and [[seal]] rocks.
  16 KB (2,247 words) - 19:23, 24 January 2022
• Condensate banking effect
  * [[Fault seal analysis for reservoir development]]
  21 KB (3,040 words) - 15:22, 12 December 2022
• Tethys region
  ...oir 106], p. 29-57.</ref> Numerous proven and potential source-reservoir-[[seal rock]]s of Paleozoic age exist across the margin.<ref name=Kendalletal_2014
  23 KB (3,325 words) - 14:52, 1 August 2016
• Structural restoration
  * [[Fault seal analysis for reservoir development]]
  17 KB (2,335 words) - 17:14, 13 October 2022
• Appalachian Basin Marcellus gas play
  ...structural front, possibly caused by a combination of a lack of overlying seal integrity and/or a decrease in preserved organic material approaching the s ...etain most of the natural gas generated during [[thermal maturation]]. The seal integrity in northern West Virginia and western Pennsylvania was still not
  89 KB (13,415 words) - 19:16, 16 January 2024
• Mudstones
  ...groundwater and hydrocarbons; serve as hydrocarbon source, reservoir, and seal; and host strata-bound resources. Advancing technology has provided access
  16 KB (2,352 words) - 18:46, 4 December 2023
• Fluid inclusions: analysis and applications
  * [[Fault seal analysis for reservoir development]]
  20 KB (2,691 words) - 21:06, 21 April 2022
• Core alteration and preservation
  |+ Table 3. Transmissivity of seal and wrap materials
  20 KB (2,971 words) - 15:46, 19 January 2022
• Permeability
  ...placed in the core holder and pressure is applied to the rubber sleeve to seal it to the core. Air is then injected at a constant pressure until gas produ
  19 KB (2,716 words) - 19:02, 20 January 2022
• Carbonate diagenesis
  ...is commonly found in tidal flat environments and is an effective reservoir seal. Diagenetic anhydrite is found in reservoir rocks as nodules and [[poikilot
  23 KB (3,026 words) - 20:48, 19 January 2022
• South Viking Graben
  ...aupne Formation is the major [[source rock]] and is the most significant [[seal]] for trapped Brae Play hydrocarbons. Several previous publications have sh
  23 KB (3,562 words) - 19:06, 17 January 2022
• Utilization of the industrial revolution 4.0 in oil and gas exploration
  * [[Fault seal analysis for reservoir development]]
  21 KB (3,096 words) - 20:59, 21 April 2022
• Introduction to biosteering operation
  ...teerer recognizes that fossil assemblages currently analyzed belong to the seal or the unit above the reservoir, the directional driller will be asked to d
  20 KB (2,916 words) - 21:04, 21 April 2022
• White paper: Hydraulic fracturing
  ...mogenic methane due to inadequate surface casing, casing leaks or wellhead-seal leaks ([http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/07/05/1523267113.full.pdf Ow
  27 KB (4,076 words) - 16:33, 19 July 2016
• Shale-gas resource systems
  ...rvoir rock for the production of petroleum (oil and gas) or may charge and seal petroleum in juxtaposed, continuous organic-lean interval(s). As such, ther ...as likely or certainly not to a commercial extent. As such, even in a good seal rock, diffusion should have resulted in a substantial loss of gas, thereby
  73 KB (10,728 words) - 18:16, 11 January 2024
• Basin modeling: identifying and quantifying significant uncertainties
  ...trol bulk rock properties in the porous rocks, migration rates, and affect seal capacity.
  38 KB (5,890 words) - 15:16, 23 August 2016
• Petroleum basins of Turkey
  ...deltaic sands. A coal-bearing unit of Carboniferous has both reservoir and seal within. Aeolian sandstone of Triassic, shoreline sands of Middle Jurassic,
  52 KB (7,769 words) - 20:28, 18 January 2017
• Mudstone nomenclature
  ...c variables: total organic carbon, hydrogen index, porosity, permeability, seal capacity, and geomechanical attributes (e.g., Poisson’s ratio, Young’s
  58 KB (8,391 words) - 19:46, 20 February 2024
• Phanerozoic Tethys region
  ...eposition of thick and widespread salt layers, which represent an effcient seal at the regional scale.<ref name=Booteetal_1998 />
  79 KB (11,542 words) - 18:47, 19 July 2016
• Shale-oil resource systems
  .... A sample at 2530 m (8300.5 ft) does not show crossover, so it could be a seal between two free oil-saturated zones.
  97 KB (14,873 words) - 19:53, 11 January 2024
• West Texas Super Basin
  ...ation of the developing Permian Basin. That additional faulting results in seal leaks, reservoir compartmentalization, and difficulty staying in zone acros
  157 KB (23,278 words) - 18:36, 16 January 2024

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