Search results

• Dry hole
  ...'s dry hole may be revived (or a twin to it may be drilled) to yield today's successful well.
  322 bytes (52 words) - 13:44, 18 March 2019
• Water saturation
  ...equation?|Archie equation]] is the most widely used method of determining S_w. :<math>\text{Hydrocarbon saturation } (\text{S}_\text{h}) = 1 - \text{S}_\text{w}</math>
  2 KB (227 words) - 13:38, 5 April 2022
• Compensated neutron log
  * [http://www.spec2000.net/07-neutronlog.htm Crain's Petrophysical Handbook]
  306 bytes (36 words) - 19:50, 18 November 2014
• Carbonate classification
  ...of words describing the grains and words describing the cements. Dunham's classification is based on the depositional fabric of the rock.
  1,023 bytes (134 words) - 13:25, 27 March 2015
• Reef
  ...717</ref> and modified from Balch and Hart.<ref>Hart, B. S., and Balch, R. S., 2000, Approaches to defining reservoir physical properties from 3-D seism ...ll and M. E. Monaco, 2009, Shallow-Water Ben­ thic Habitats of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 96. Silver Spring, MD.
  2 KB (298 words) - 21:30, 21 November 2014
• AAPG Wiki:Contact us
  : 1444 S Boulder
  179 bytes (25 words) - 15:53, 8 April 2014
• San Juan basin
  ...sinUSGS.jpg|thumb|300px|Map of San Juan Basin, Colorado-New Mexico, USA. U.S. Geological Survey.]] ...n Juan basin and vicinity], in C. E. Turner-Peterson, E. S. Santos, and N. S. Fishman, A Basin Analysis Case Study: Morrison Formation, Grants Uranium R
  3 KB (411 words) - 15:01, 11 January 2016
• Water saturation distribution in a reservoir
  ...roat-size distribution]], and [[Reservoir quality|pore geometry]]. Mapping S_w distribution in a reservoir helps us predict trap boundaries. ...mber|2}}Hypothetical example of an S_w–depth plot with estimated S_w distribution curves for several flow units for a hydrocarbon-be
  5 KB (687 words) - 17:09, 5 April 2022
• Regression
  ...com/understandingearth5e/content/cat_120/08120-01.htm?v=chapter&i=08120.01&s=08000&n=00120&o=|11000| Animation. with a sample seismic line]
  449 bytes (57 words) - 18:48, 28 August 2014
• Stratum
  * [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stratum Webster's definition]
  505 bytes (63 words) - 21:52, 18 March 2015
• Transgression
  ...com/understandingearth5e/content/cat_120/08120-01.htm?v=chapter&i=08120.01&s=08000&n=00120&o=|11000| Animation. with a sample seismic line]
  480 bytes (61 words) - 16:30, 28 August 2014
• Ammonite
  ...Ammonitida.jpg|thumb|300px|A variety of ammonite forms, from Ernst Haeckel's 1904 Kunstformen der Natur (Art Forms of Nature).]]
  431 bytes (52 words) - 21:50, 18 March 2015
• Midale water saturation and pore geometry
  ==Log response and S_w== ...metry have the expected effect on log responses and [[water saturation]]s (S_w). The Midale vuggy beds in a cored field well consist of interb
  4 KB (588 words) - 17:01, 12 April 2022
• Oil as an energy source
  ...geria, Indonesia, Libya, Nigeria, and Venezuela, produced 40% of the world's oil and contained 79% of the oil reserves. [[:file:St54Ch3Figure19.jpg|Figu
  3 KB (370 words) - 19:44, 9 June 2015
• Pickett plot construction
  ...54–62.</ref> and therefore is a powerful graphic technique for estimating S_w ranges within a reservoir. All that is needed to make a Pickett # Plot the 100% S_w line.
  6 KB (878 words) - 16:16, 5 April 2022
• Relative permeability
  ...of a reservoir system by definition contains water as a single phase (100% S_w). The [[permeability]] of that rock to water is absolute permea ...b>w</sub> of the rock. In other words, as [[buoyancy pressure]] increases, S_w decreases and the effective size of the pore throat for oil or
  9 KB (1,351 words) - 13:31, 5 April 2022
• Pore system fundamentals
  ...vuggy, or fractured rocks. Copyright: Coalson et al.;<ref>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals and fluid-flow barriers ...s (connections) per pore. Four critical elements of the geometry of a rock's pore system are
  3 KB (388 words) - 13:52, 4 April 2022
• AAPG Wiki:About
  ...fessional conduct, still guides the Association today. Currently the world's largest professional geological society with over 30,000 members, AAPG prov ...pecial:MyPage|your User page]]''' — you can do whatever you like there, it's your personal page.
  2 KB (242 words) - 15:55, 8 April 2014
• Structural geology fieldwork
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...the Sage and Kemmerer 15-Minute Quadrangles, Lincoln County, Wyoming: U., S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 855, 18 p.
  4 KB (557 words) - 20:06, 2 February 2022
• Determining water saturation
  ...Petroleum Transactions of AIME 146: 54–62.</ref> which is less expensive. S_w can also be estimated using a graphical representation of the A
  2 KB (244 words) - 13:38, 5 April 2022
• Forensic geology
  Sherlock Holmes is considered to be the world's first forensic geologist: the first person to use geology in the investigat
  829 bytes (111 words) - 19:21, 16 April 2015
• AAPG Wiki:Scope and strategy
  * To develop AAPG's reputation as a thought-leader and authority in petroleum. * To be part of AAPG's experimentation with new media.
  2 KB (269 words) - 14:09, 17 July 2013
• Botucatu Formation
  ...otucatu_1.jpg|Figure 1]]), formed in a desert environment similar to today’s Sahara Desert, during the Jurassic to Cretaceous on the Gondwana superconti ...lso shows inverse grading.<ref name=Scherer_et_Golberg_2007>Scherer, C. M. S., and K. Goldberg, 2007, Palaeowind patterns during the latest Jurassic–e
  3 KB (432 words) - 17:54, 22 March 2019
• Migration rate calculation
  ...mation for flow in rocks with high percentages of [[clay]]s, like [[shale]]s, due to the platey grain shape of the clays. The [[Wikipedia:Kozeny–Carma Use the version of Darcy's law presented below to calculate the rate of migration for oil or gas:
  4 KB (618 words) - 19:40, 14 February 2022
• Selling a structural play
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Appropriate physical and/or mechanical models that clarify the structure's development
  5 KB (738 words) - 15:58, 2 February 2022
• Pc curves and saturation profiles
  * An estimate of [[buoyancy pressure]]s required to enter the pore throats of flow units. ...ts into [[Cross section#Structural cross section|structural cross section]]s shows their position with respect to the [[free water level]] and buoyancy
  5 KB (752 words) - 16:53, 4 April 2022
• Capillary pressure (Pc) curves: pore throat size determination
  ...least one 10μ pore throat radius or larger and represent 10% of the sample's pore volume. This procedure is repeated several more times at different pre ...h'') within a reservoir system. From a capillary pressure curve at a given S_w, we read the capillary pressure and multiply it by a factor tha
  6 KB (898 words) - 16:21, 4 April 2022
• Pore system shapes
  ...ically complex '''non-Archie porosity'''. In most cases, water saturation (S_w) of rocks with Archie porosity can be predicted from log analys :<math>\mbox{S}_{\rm w} = \left(\frac{1}{\Phi^{\rm m}} \times \frac{\mbox{R}_{\rm w}}{\mbo
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• China Shale Gas & Liquids - Songliao and Junggar Basins
  ...China and the most important oil source rocks in the Junggar Basin. China's oldest continental shale is in the Permian strata of the Junggar Basin, whi ...019b>Yang, Z., C. Zou, L. Hou, S. Wu, S. Lin, X. Luo, Z. Zhao, J. Cui, and S. Pan, 2019b. Division of fine-grained rocks and selection of “sweet secti
  6 KB (850 words) - 17:56, 20 December 2023
• Predicting hydrocarbon recovery
  ...place before [[drilling a well]] is a matter of predicting pore volume and S_w. Recovery of hydrocarbons depends on the efficiency of the [[Re ...= \frac{7758 \times \text{A} \times \text{h} \times \Phi \times (1 - \text{S}_\text{w})}{\text{B}_\text{oi}}</math>
  5 KB (691 words) - 17:10, 5 April 2022
• 3-D seismic data: proportional slices and volume visualization
  :<math>S = H_{1} + R \times (H_{2} - H_{1})</math> * ''S'' = the intermediate surface
  3 KB (457 words) - 19:32, 27 January 2022
• Gravity data processing
  [[Gravity]] data as measured must be corrected for the earth's field.<ref name=ch15r2>Chapin, D. A., 1996a, [http://library.seg.org/doi/ab ! Key Input Parameter(s)
  4 KB (519 words) - 14:16, 31 January 2022
• Sorrento field: water saturation
  ...the Morrow Sandstone in Sorrento field, Cheyenne County, Colorado, ''in'' S. A. Sonnenberg, L. T. Shannon, K. Rader, W. F. von Drehle, and G. W. Martin ...saturation]]s. One convenient way to do this is to plot water saturation (S_w) against structural elevation while differentiating [[Pore and
  7 KB (1,044 words) - 16:57, 13 April 2022
• Tectonic setting
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra The play concept envisioned is determined by the tectonic setting(s) in which the play can be pursued, from a structural as well as source and
  2 KB (309 words) - 18:48, 3 February 2022
• Mohorovicic discontinuity
  A zone that separates the Earth's [[crust]] from the underlying [[mantle]]. The Moho typically occurs approxi
  729 bytes (103 words) - 15:49, 4 December 2015
• Structural analogies
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Soule, G. S., Spratt, D. A., 1996, En echelon geometry and two-dimensional model of the
  4 KB (579 words) - 20:52, 2 February 2022
• AAPG Wiki:Users
  [[User:Matt]]'s experience is that having too many roles is difficult to manage and results ...Single sign-on || Yes || Edit-plus || The editors, reviewers, [[moderator]]s, SMEs
  2 KB (294 words) - 16:01, 6 August 2013
• Setting and structure of the Sorrento field
  ...the Sorrento field. From Sonnenberg.<ref name=Sonnenberg_1985>Sonnenberg, S. A., 1985, Tectonic and sedimentation model for Morrow sandstone deposition ...ells represent Marmaton wells; triangles, Mississippian wells; and large X's, study wells. The rest of the oil wells produce from the Morrow. Each unit
  3 KB (429 words) - 14:19, 11 April 2022
• Well planning
  * What target(s) will be evaluated? * How will the well(s) be drilled to reach those target(s)?
  6 KB (779 words) - 15:09, 24 January 2022
• Gas hydrates
  ...?id=77 AAPG Memoir 74], p. 85-108.</ref><ref name=Collett_2002>Collett, T. S., 2002, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir74/m74ch07/m74ch ...[http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1570 The future of energy gases]: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1570, p. 299-311.</ref> that 183 bcf
  7 KB (1,050 words) - 20:53, 6 January 2015
• Fracture analysis
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Laubach, S. E., 1997, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1997/04apr/0604/060
  5 KB (644 words) - 15:30, 3 February 2022
• Hydrocarbon expulsion, migration, and accumulation
  ...er gradient. From Coalson et al.<ref name=Coalsonetal_1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals and fluid-flow barriers ...b>wr</sub> model can be developed from capillary pressure profiles because S_wr is a function of the profile of pore throat sizes and height a
  6 KB (828 words) - 16:32, 4 April 2022
• Carbonate facies
  An interplay of hydrologic and biologic factors produces [[carbonate]]s in place. Deposition of carbonate sediments is limited to water that is war ...., 1988, Carbonate sequence stratigraphy, in Wilgus, C., K., Hastings, B., S., Kendall, C., G. St. C., Posamentier, H., W., Ross, C., A., Van Wagoner, J
  3 KB (433 words) - 18:32, 6 April 2022
• Douglas K. Strickland
  ...Field. The fields comprise a 100-million-barrel province in an area the U.S. Geological Survey had deemed without any petroleum potential, and which wa ...erine Gas & Oil to get his central Utah prospects drilled. After Wolverine’s discovery of the Covenant Field in Utah, Strickland founded Jayden Consulti
  4 KB (525 words) - 19:41, 14 February 2017
• Natural-gas liquids
  Figures for the world's production of NGL are not consistently reported and are, therefore, not eas ...ficulty for obtaining figures for NGL production, the volumes of the world's total NGL production shown in [[:file:St54Ch3Figure21.jpg|Figure 1]] had to
  4 KB (549 words) - 16:31, 25 June 2015
• Surficial geochemical case history 3: Predrill–postdrill comparison
  ...detail.aspx?id=75 AAPG Memoir 66], p. 431–439.</ref> summarize one company's experience with a soil gas geochemical method. Their exploration program in ...reservoired hydrocarbons and 76% were completed as producers. This company's experience is fairly typical and documents that integration of [[seismic da
  4 KB (499 words) - 22:30, 31 January 2022
• Balanced cross sections
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra Balanced [[cross section]]s honor all available data and are constructed and analyzed to ensure they ar
  8 KB (1,060 words) - 15:07, 3 February 2022
• Traps in a framework of sequence stratigraphy
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...F., 1988, Carbonate sequence stratigraphy, in Wilgus, C. K., Hastings, B. S., Posamentier, H. M., Van Wagoner, J., Ross, C. A., Kendall, G. C. St. C.,
  4 KB (486 words) - 14:57, 4 February 2022
• Seismic data: analyzing individual reflectors
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...g paleogeomorphology and faults.<ref name=ch21r4>Bahorich, M., S., Farmer, S., L., 1995, 3-D seismic discontinuity for faults and stratigraphic features
  4 KB (481 words) - 18:20, 4 February 2022
• EMD Coal Committee
  ...ov/fecm/office-fossil-energy-and-carbon-management US Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management]
  1 KB (162 words) - 19:01, 18 February 2022
• Waterflooding
  ...reducible_water_saturation interstitial (irreducible) water saturation] (''S''_wi): * ''S''_or = saturation of residual oil (fraction)
  10 KB (1,468 words) - 18:23, 21 January 2022
• Barnett shale play
  ...mary drilling method until 2002 when seven experimental [[horizontal well]]s were drilled. The excellent success of these wells prompted many operators ...APG Bulletin, v. 91, no. 4, pp. 475-499.</ref> Montgomery,<ref>Montgomery, S. L., D. M. Jarvie, K. A. Bowker, & R. M. Pollastro, 2005, [http://archives.
  6 KB (909 words) - 19:24, 14 March 2019
• Full waveform acoustic logging
  ...e Stoneley wave] traveltime; and P, S, and Stoneley wave amplitudes. P and S wave traveltimes and amplitudes provide information about the lithology and ...itudes of these waves are affected by a combination of the formation P and S wave attenuation and that of the borehole fluid. The Stoneley wave travels
  10 KB (1,530 words) - 20:47, 19 January 2022
• What is permeability?
  ...e equation for calculating permeability (using an integrated form of Darcy's law) is ==Limitations of darcy's equation==
  5 KB (694 words) - 20:41, 4 April 2022
• Petrofabrics
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...lly at the grain scale. The most commonly studied features are [[fracture]]s (distribution, morphology, and orientation), [[twinning]], [[Reservoir_qual
  4 KB (447 words) - 15:17, 3 February 2022
• AAPG Wiki:Converting content
  ...s to push collected items through a processing flow. It starts from a book's base URL, follows chapter links, and collects the page content. It also has <nowiki>re.sub("\(([a-zA-Z ]*[,] (in press)*[0-9]{4})\)",r"<ref>\1</ref>",s)</nowiki>
  6 KB (826 words) - 18:27, 1 July 2013
• Tmax
  ...ea under the curve represents the amount). The temperature at the time the S₂ peak is recorded during pyrolysis is T_max, given in
  3 KB (411 words) - 21:19, 9 February 2022
• Sequence stratigraphy analysis
  | author = S. R. Jacobson ...goner, J. C., H. W. Posamentier, R. M. Mitchum, P. R. Vail, J. F. Sarg, T. S. Loutit, and J. Hardenbohl, 1988, An overview of the fundamentals of sequen
  4 KB (612 words) - 17:39, 13 April 2022
• Heel
  ...e end of the [[bend (curve)]] and the beginning of the [[lateral]] section(s) of a [[horizontal well]].
  1 KB (180 words) - 18:58, 3 March 2016
• Horizontal well
  ...ive interval of exposure in the wellbore. The horizontal [[Lateral|lateral(s)]] can go beyond true 90&deg; horizontal and actually drill upward.
  1 KB (182 words) - 19:31, 3 March 2016
• Archie equation
  ...equation to calculate, from well log parameters, the [[water saturation]] (S_w) of the uninvaded zone in a formation next to a borehole. The A :<math>\mbox{S}_{\rm w}{}^{\rm n} = \frac{\mbox{R}_{\rm w}}{(\Phi^{\rm m} \times \mbox{R}_
  5 KB (703 words) - 13:52, 5 April 2022
• Magnetics: total intensity and residual magnetic maps
  | author = Edward A. Beaumont, S. Parker Gay ...ensity is the measurement from the magnetometer after a model of the earth's normal magnetic field is removed. It is generally a reflection of the avera
  4 KB (618 words) - 19:55, 27 January 2022
• AAPG Wiki:Wikification
  | || Add '''External links''' (other technical papers, Wikipedia, SEG's wiki) * It's all about the reader.
  8 KB (1,043 words) - 14:09, 6 August 2013
• Hydrocarbon
  ...rmed into sediment as a result of the great heat and pressure in the earth's [[crust]]. They are used as fuels, burnt to release heat and other forms of ...s are tetrahedrally bonded with a bond angle ranging from 109.28° and 25% S-orbital character and 75% P-orbital character. They are made up of a single
  8 KB (1,209 words) - 20:36, 20 March 2019
• Seismic survey components
  To transmit energy into the subsurface, a shot is fired on the earth's surface. Many seismic receivers record the resulting echoes from underlying ...trace]]s are sorted into groups associated with one midpoint on the earth's surface. The 3-D seismic data are sorted into discrete areas called bins. A
  3 KB (426 words) - 19:05, 27 January 2022
• Petrophysical analysis of lithofacies
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael # On structural [[cross section]]s, plot intervals that …
  6 KB (763 words) - 18:53, 4 February 2022
• Plate tectonic studies
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Pindell, J. L., and S. F. Barrett, 1990, [http://www.tectonicanalysis.com/site/downloads/Pindell9
  4 KB (601 words) - 18:22, 2 February 2022
• Diagenesis: information from petrology
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...d before the formation of [[quartz]] cements, which degraded the reservoir's quality. From Rick Tobin, unpublished data.]]
  4 KB (544 words) - 21:38, 4 February 2022
• Parana-Etendeka CBP
  ...rovince represents one of the major volcanic events on Earth’s history. It's characterized by a fissural volcanism that occurred in the Early Cretaceous ...olcanology and facies architecture of flood basalts, ''in'' M. A. Menzies, S. L. Klemperer, C. J. Ebinger, and J. Baker, eds., Magmatic rifted margins:
  6 KB (922 words) - 19:45, 11 April 2019
• True resistivity determination
  ...uration]] [S_w] = 100%) or [[formation water]] and hydrocarbons (S_w < 100%). Using a valid R_t is fundamental when analy
  3 KB (427 words) - 16:16, 5 April 2022
• Structural interpretation techniques and tools
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...dies]] to microscopic examination of [[Petrofabrics|grain-scale structure]]s and from [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/outcrop outcrop] studie
  1 KB (182 words) - 17:24, 2 February 2022
• Petrophysical analysis of Sorrento field wells
  ...the Morrow sandstone in Sorrento field, Cheyenne County, Colorado, ''in'' S. A. Sonnenberg, L. T. Shannon, K. Rader, W. F. von Drehle, and G.W. Martin, ...dia:Mesoporous material|mesoporous]] and are at immobile water saturation (S_w = 45%). This is verified by the well testing about 100 bo/d and
  7 KB (956 words) - 17:24, 11 April 2022
• Coal
  ...] dominated by [[Thermal maturation#Vitrinite|vitrinite]] group [[maceral]]s. Thermal [[maturation]] transforms peat to lignite, bituminous coal, and th ...http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/27447/anthracite anthracite coal]s. As this transformation occurs, the moisture content and the volatile matte
  5 KB (737 words) - 14:52, 15 August 2016
• Using analogs to identify critical elements
  The analog method is the most effective method, in the author's opinion. It closely follows the scientific method: establishing the critica ...geological societies publish field studies that can serve as analogs. AAPG's 11-volume ''Treatise of Petroleum Geology, Atlas of Oil and Gas Fields'' is
  3 KB (498 words) - 16:03, 18 February 2022
• Agglutinated microfossils
  ...e forms may include silt or sand grains, [[glauconite]], [[sponge spicule]]s, or even other foraminiferal tests. Some species are highly selective in th ...ated foraminifera as indicators of organic carbon flux, in M. A. Kaminski, S Geroch, and M. A. Gasiński, eds., Proceedings of the Fourth International
  4 KB (468 words) - 15:16, 31 January 2022
• Energy: historical sources
  ...renewable ([[oil]], [[natural gas]], [[coal]], [[tar sands]], [[oil shale]]s) and renewable ([[nuclear power|nuclear]], [[hydroelectric power|hydroelect ...uring the second half, and as of 2005, gas provided about 22% of the world's consumption of energy. The energy supplied by running water has been used f
  4 KB (530 words) - 20:35, 6 January 2015
• Fracture threshold in the real world
  ==Stress and Poisson's ratio variation== ...http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%27s_ratio%20Poisson's%20ratio Poisson's ratio] depend on lithology and bed geometry as well as depth and compaction
  6 KB (930 words) - 15:49, 30 March 2022
• Morrow lithofacies and pore types: Sorrento field
  ...[Pore and pore throat sizes|pore-throat sizes]], and [[capillary pressure]]s. In addition, the depositional environment of these sandstones ([[Lithofaci ...|{{figure number|1}} From Sonnenberg.<ref name=Sonnenberg_1985>Sonnenberg, S. A., 1985, Tectonic and sedimentation model for Morrow sandstone deposition
  6 KB (769 words) - 17:23, 11 April 2022
• Total organic carbon (TOC)
  ...ount of organic carbon present in a rock is a determining factor in a rock's ability to generate hydrocarbons. ...controls the amount of organic carbon contained in a rock. [[Source rock]]s are generally associated with areas where high organic productivity is comb
  3 KB (428 words) - 16:33, 13 April 2022
• Formation water density
  ...\mbox{T}_{\rm s} + \mbox{D}_{\rm f} \left(\mbox{BHT} - \frac{\mbox{T}_{\rm s}}{\mbox{TD}}\right)</math> #*::: T_s = average surface temperature (°F)
  5 KB (714 words) - 15:19, 13 September 2022
• Reservoir system analysis
  # Select a key well(s) for detailed petrophysical analysis (see [[Petrophysical analysis of litho # Subdivide the reservoir in the key well(s) into flow units (see [[Flow units for reservoir characterization]]).
  4 KB (547 words) - 18:09, 1 April 2022
• Basin-fill and trap analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...is looking for [[Stratigraphic trap|stratigraphic]] or [[combination trap]]s by combining [[paleogeography]] with the results of the [[Geometrical analy
  1 KB (189 words) - 18:53, 4 February 2022
• Fault seal-conduit studies
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra These data are important in [[trap]]s where faults play an important role in the critical [[seal]]. The analysis
  5 KB (638 words) - 14:17, 2 February 2022
• Gravity applications: examples
  ...16/S0899-5362(89)80029-6].</ref> and Millegan<ref name=ch15r8>Millegan, P. S., 1990, Aspects of the interpretation of Mesozoic rift basins in northern S ...rom Grow et al.<ref name=Growetal_1988>Grow, J. A., K. D. Klitgord, and J. S. Schlee, 1988, Structure and evolution of Baltimore Canyon Trough, ''in'' R
  6 KB (915 words) - 15:10, 31 January 2022
• Buckles plot
  A Buckles plot is a plot of water saturation (S_w) vs. [[porosity]]. Contours of equal bulk volume water (BVW) ar
  1 KB (183 words) - 18:19, 26 March 2015
• History of oil
  ...United States as oil producers, and by the turn of the century, the world's production had reached 350 million bbl per year. Production of oil reached ...mely interesting history of the oil industry can be found in Daniel Yergin's [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_Prize.html?id=WiUTwBTux2oC The Pri
  5 KB (778 words) - 21:14, 12 March 2019
• Frontier reconnaissance techniques and tools
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra
  2 KB (211 words) - 17:54, 2 February 2022
• Static hydrocarbon pressure gradients
  ...[[Dip|downdip]] [[hydrocarbon column]] length by plotting a [[reservoir]]'s static hydrocarbon pressure gradient vs. its [[Normal hydrostatic pressure
  2 KB (195 words) - 15:17, 17 February 2022
• Predicting preservation and destruction of accumulations
  Some petroleum [[accumulation]]s are likely to persist for hundreds of millions of years with relatively lit .../natural_gas.aspx gas] has been diluted or altered so that [[accumulation]]s are no longer economic.
  5 KB (782 words) - 22:36, 31 January 2022
• Gravity basics
  ...0 ppm of the total field. Several corrections are made to remove the earth's field from the total measurement to image these anomalies. For petroleum ex ...ravity measurement, extra care must be taken to keep track of the platform's position. The resulting gravity is usually not as accurate as land data.
  5 KB (720 words) - 17:59, 24 January 2022
• AAPG Wiki:Governance documents
  ;Privacy policy: What one may or may not do with a user's data or behaviour.
  3 KB (373 words) - 16:41, 31 July 2013
• Seismic inversion
  ...seismic method is that coverage can be made over large areas of the earth's surface. This is especially true of the large three-dimensional surveys tha As an example of inversion applied to real data, let's consider a 3-D case study that was done in the Taber area of southern Alber
  8 KB (1,196 words) - 18:48, 21 January 2022
• Magnetics
  | author = Michael S. Reford ...med, and ''induced magnetism'', which is proportional to the present earth's field and the magnetic susceptibility of the rocks. The magnetization disap
  10 KB (1,481 words) - 15:39, 24 January 2022
• Surficial geochemical survey objectives
  ...elated with known oils and gases to identify the specific petroleum system(s) present. Seepage data allow the explorationist to screen large areas quick ...other seepage detection methods in exploring frontier basins, in Hansjien, S., ed., Petroleum Exploration and Exploitation in Norway: NPF Special Public
  8 KB (1,055 words) - 16:29, 25 January 2022
• Type IIS kerogen
  ...16/0146-6380(86)90049-5.</ref> type IIS pathway on [[Van Krevelen diagram]]s.<ref name=Petersetal_2012>Peters, Kenneth E., David J. Curry, and Marek Kac
  1 KB (205 words) - 21:10, 6 July 2015
• Basin-centered gas systems: historical development and classification
  ...dolph_1974c>Randolph, P. L., 1974, Massive stimulation effort may double U.S. gas supply, part 3: World Oil, v. 179, no. 6, p. 81-84.</ref> ...D. S. Hamilton, H. S. Hamlin, T. F. Hentz, W. E. Howard, M. S. Akhter, and S. E. Laubach, 1993, Major low-permeability sandstone reservoirs in the conti
  9 KB (1,373 words) - 13:40, 10 March 2015
• Macroseepage vs. microseepage in surficial geochemistry
  ...AAPG Bulletin, vol. 36, p. 1505–1541.</ref><ref name=ch18r23>Macgregor, D. S., 1993, Relationships between seepage, tectonics, and subsurface petroleum ...roleum Geology Bulletin, vol. 9, p. 208–221., 10., 1016/0264-8172(92)90092-S</ref>
  6 KB (754 words) - 22:07, 24 January 2022
• Pore and pore throat sizes
  ...re number|1}}From Coalson et al.<ref name=Coalsonetal_1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals and fluid-flow barriers ...pore throat sizes for a sample. Erlich et al.<ref name=ch09r17>Erlich, R., S. J. Crabtree, K. O. Horkowitz, and J. P. Horkowitz, 1991, [http://archives.
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• Spontaneous potential logs in water resistivity calculation
  ...f} = \mbox{T}_{\rm s} + \mbox{D}_{\rm f} \frac{\mbox{BHT} - \mbox{T}_{\rm s}}{\mbox{TD}}</math> * T_s = average surface temperature
  6 KB (1,027 words) - 16:40, 5 April 2022
• East Breaks petroleum geology
  ...specially the occurrence of probable [[source rock]], [[migration pathway]]s, and [[reservoir]]. ...and local [[minibasin]] history. Fault and salt-wall [[migration pathway]]s provide vertical avenues for migration. [[Lithofacies_and_environmental_ana
  4 KB (494 words) - 13:44, 5 December 2023
• Geometrical analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...[Definitions_of_depositional_system_elements#Systems_tracts|systems tract]]s, and [[Parasequences (fourth- and fifth-order sequences)|parasequences]] an
  2 KB (239 words) - 14:58, 4 February 2022
• AAPG Wiki:General disclaimer
  ...tion to the services, violation of these Terms and Conditions, or the user's violation of the rights of a third party when in any way associated or conn ...agrees that AAPG may, without prior notice, immediately terminate the user's authorization to use this Web site. Causes for such termination shall inclu
  4 KB (654 words) - 18:31, 2 August 2013
• Functions of a petroleum landman
  ...n acres). In additional, 54 million acres of Indian lands are subject to U.S. government leasing control, and leasing rights to 44 million acres in Alas ...=Kimball_1982>Kimball, W. C., 1982, Fee Land Determination (Record Checker's Bible): Midland, TX, Midland Enterprises, 65 p.</ref> <ref>American Associa
  5 KB (759 words) - 19:25, 19 January 2022
• Amplitude (seismic)
  ...2.png|350px|thumbnail|right|Figure 2 Acquisition Seismic Data.<ref>Boyer, S. and Mari, J.L (1997). Seismic Surveying and Well Logging. Paris: Technip</ ...ttern of wavelet is symmetry so picking horizon become easy.<ref>Sukmono , S. and Agus, A. (2001). Karakterisasi Reservoir Seismik. Bandung: Lab. Geofis
  8 KB (1,291 words) - 15:49, 18 January 2017
• Surficial geochemical interpretation guidelines
  ...6>Thrasher, J., A., Fleet, A., J., Hay, S., J., Hovland, M., Duppenbecker, S., 1996, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir66/17/0223.htm U ...lletin, vol. 67, p. 932–952.</ref> Kornacki<ref name=ch18r20>Kornacki, A., S., 1996, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir66/32/0413.htm P
  8 KB (1,128 words) - 22:24, 31 January 2022
• Displacement pressure estimation from pore size
  [[Displacement pressure]] can be estimated from pore size using Washburn's<ref name=ch10r90>Washburn, E., W., 1921, Note on a method of determining th ...797(74)90265-3</ref><ref>Etris, E. L., D. S. Brumfield, R. Ehrlich, R. and S. J. Crabtree, 1988, Relation between pores,
  5 KB (766 words) - 22:55, 2 February 2016
• AAPG Wiki:Personas
  ...xample, it might be useful to cover the young, and the near-retirement. It's important to represent industry and academia.
  1 KB (225 words) - 13:31, 6 August 2013
• Pressure compartments
  ...lation]] of petroleum and the [[diagenesis]] of [[reservoir]]s and [[seal]]s. ...troleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the Geological Society's 4th conference, London, p. 1305–1313.</ref> lists ways pressure compartme
  6 KB (828 words) - 17:57, 17 February 2022
• East Breaks source rock
  ...rce of the hydrocarbons. Taylor and Armentrout<ref name=ch04r93>Taylor, G. S., and J. M. Armentrout, 1990, Rock geochemistry and relationships to produc ...From Hall et al.;<ref name=Hall1993>Hall, D. J., B. E. Bowen, R. N. Rosen, S. Wu, and A. W. Bally, 1993, Mesozoic and early Cenozoic development of the
  7 KB (1,080 words) - 17:44, 23 March 2022
• Amplitude versus offset (AVO) analysis
  ...Leading Edge, June, p. 15-22.</ref> Neidell,<ref name=pt07r38>Neidell, N. S., 1986, Amplitude variation with offset: Geophysics—The Leading Edge, Mar ...henomena that may be present large enough to overcome the various [[noise]]s in the system? Are there sufficient differences between geological conditio
  12 KB (1,723 words) - 18:41, 20 January 2022
• Nuclear power
  ....aspx?orig_q=RN:31039830 The need for nuclear power-Viewpoint on the world's challenging energy future]: International Atomic Energy Agency Bulletin, v. ....aspx?orig_q=RN:31039830 The need for nuclear power-Viewpoint on the world's challenging energy future]: International Atomic Energy Agency Bulletin, v.
  9 KB (1,351 words) - 15:58, 12 September 2014
• Interpreting hydrocarbon shows
  Direct indications of hydrocarbons—seen in [[drilling fluid]]s, cuttings, cores, or formation tests—may be of several types:<ref name=ch ...turation (S_o), or 100% S_w, and ends up with a higher S_o. Water refills the reservoir as hydrocarbons exit a trap (fill-
  8 KB (1,130 words) - 17:09, 5 April 2022
• Surface geochemical exploration: assumptions
  ...best developed in areas with numerous well-developed [[migration pathway]]s and an active [[petroleum system]]. ...ships between surface geochemical anomalies and subsurface [[accumulation]]s can be complex; proper interpretation requires integrating seepage data wit
  4 KB (605 words) - 19:24, 24 January 2022
• Reservoir engineering
  Porosity (Phi) 5, permeability (k) mD, fluid saturation (S) %, capiler pressure (Pc) Psi, compressibility (C) Psi^-1, resist ===Fluid Saturation (S)===
  14 KB (2,122 words) - 17:33, 7 March 2016
• Dolomite
  | author = Lyndon S. Land ...definition to include only ordered phases. Land<ref name=Land_1980>Land L. S., 1980, The isotopic and trace element geochemistry of dolomite; the state
  9 KB (1,409 words) - 19:14, 3 March 2016
• Molyneux:sandbox
  * [[Fault trace]]s This is on the [[Seismic attributes]] page ...le="font-family:Garamond;font-size:28pt;color:orange">This is Bev Molyneux's sandbox.</span>
  5 KB (543 words) - 23:45, 8 January 2015
• Coal bed methane (UB)
  ...(C2H6), and traces of propane (C3H8) and butanes (C4H10).<ref>Thakur, P., S. Schatzel, and K. Aminian, eds., 2014, Coal bed methane—from prospect to ...ed from Al-Jubori<ref name=Al-Jubori>Al-Jubori, A., S. Johnston, C. Boyer, S. W. Lambert, O. A. Bustos, J. C. Pashin, and A. Wray, 2009, Coalbed methane
  5 KB (839 words) - 17:19, 28 March 2019
• Fluid flow fundamentals
  ==Extension of Darcy's law== Darcy's law, which was originally developed for water flow, has been extended to de
  20 KB (3,155 words) - 21:20, 19 January 2022
• Sandstone permeability estimation from cuttings
  ==Sneider's pore classification for clastics==
  6 KB (882 words) - 17:19, 6 April 2022
• Natural hydraulic fracturing of top seals
  ...cturing is artificially induced during leak-off tests, well [[stimulation]]s, and subsurface waste disposal.<ref>Evans, D. M., 1966, The Denver area ear | 2 || Determine ν, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%27s_ratio Poisson's ratio].
  9 KB (1,274 words) - 15:44, 30 March 2022
• AAPG Wiki:Main Page
  ...arge image with not too many colours, low saturation or low brightness. It's easy to tweak text colour, link colour, etc if needed. It should be about t
  2 KB (311 words) - 16:11, 2 April 2014
• Designing a surficial geochemical survey
  * Ability to sample along (and/or between) key [[seismic line]]s # Research the method(s); investigate contractor, past clients.
  6 KB (826 words) - 17:33, 25 January 2022
• Enhanced oil recovery
  | author = Vernon S. Breit ...econdary recovery operations. The main factors that control the value of ''S''_or are pore geometry, rock [[wettability]], and the properties
  12 KB (1,794 words) - 21:19, 19 January 2022
• Correlation and regression analysis
  ...als is the basis for two measures of goodness of fit: the error variance ''s''² and the multiple correlation coefficient (also called the coe :<math> s^2 = \frac{\displaystyle \sum_{i} (y_{i}-\widehat{y_{i}})}{n - 2}</math>
  9 KB (1,366 words) - 16:37, 19 January 2022
• Guará Formation
  ...formally designated in 2005<ref name=Scherer_et_Lavina_2005>Scherer, C. M. S., and E. L. Lavina, 2005, Sedimentary cycles and facies architecture of eol ...the Paraná Basin (Ordovician to Cretaceous), Southern Brazil. Bol. IG USP, Série Científica, v. 29, p.125-173.</ref> ([[:file:Guara_02.jpg|Figure 2]])
  6 KB (856 words) - 19:51, 2 April 2019
• Tool table
  ! F || S || B || K || O || Excentered || Stand-Off (in.) || Centered ^b_{Mud types: F = freshwater (low salt), S = high salt, B = barite, K = high potassium salt, O = oil-based.}<br>
  5 KB (544 words) - 16:27, 18 January 2022
• Maps of hydrocarbon types: Gulf of Mexico example
  ...s estimate the number and distribution of mature generating [[source rock]]s. The map of hydrocarbon types in [[:file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-5. ...Gross et al.<ref name=ch04r40>Gross, O. P., K. C. Hood, L. M. Wenger, and S. C. Harrison, 1995, Seismic imaging and analysis of source and migration wi
  5 KB (633 words) - 20:02, 18 February 2022
• Oil correlation case history: Brazilian offshore basins
  ...also help determine the depositional setting of the source(s) for the oil(s). It is often possible to predict the source of an oil from its chemical co ...argin. From Mello et al.;<ref name=ch08r30>Mello, M. R., P. C. Gaglianone, S. C. Brassell, and J. R. Maxwell, 1988a, Geochemical and biological marker a
  8 KB (1,086 words) - 22:16, 15 February 2022
• Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin, North Dakota and Montana (USGS)
  '''By Kristen Marra, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado, USA''' ...ulletin, v. 99, no. 4, p. 639–660.</ref>; <ref name=Sonnenberg>Sonnenberg, S. A., 2017, Sequence Stratigraphy of the Bakken and Three Forks Formations,
  11 KB (1,595 words) - 20:20, 2 June 2021
• Cuba: Geology and regional setting
  ...Central Intelligence Agency employee, taken or made as part of that person's official duties. As a Work of the United States Government, this image or m ...[Paleogene]] [[orbitoid]]s), the gigantic Upper [[Cretaceous]] [[rudistid]]s, the spectacular [[limestone]] Mogotes of Pinar del Rio, the extensive [htt
  13 KB (1,851 words) - 20:43, 7 July 2016
• Vertical and lateral seismic resolution and attenuation
  ...ould be zero phase. Data quality, the mode of display, and the interpreter's experience are also clearly factors in being able to resolve reflections. Assuming that the three foregoing conditions have been met, let's examine a simple model of a very gentle wedge for which the physical proper
  8 KB (1,164 words) - 20:24, 21 January 2022
• Mudlogging: equipment, services, and personnel
  ...ment-services-and-personnel_fig1.png|{{figure number|1}}Standard mudiogger's work area. (A) Chromatograph. (B) Chromatograph chart. (C) Back-up chromato ...eral layout of mudlogging unit. (A) Sample examination area. (B) Mudlogger's work area. (C) Sample preparation area. (Photo. Copyright: Long Co. Technic
  8 KB (1,031 words) - 15:27, 24 January 2022
• Rock quality
  ...etter reservoir rock because it has larger pore throats and lower immobile S_w. K_a/Φ ratio or r₃₅ accounts for the inte ...r-system-quality-and-performance_fig9-18.png|Figure 3]] illustrate Pittman's point.
  10 KB (1,534 words) - 16:53, 4 April 2022
• China Shale Gas & Liquids - Sichuan Basin
  Dong, T., He, S., Chen, M., Hou, Y., Guo, X., Wei, C., Han, Y., Yang, R., 2019. Quartz type Lu, Y., Hao, F., Lu, Y., Yan, D., Xu, S., Shu, Z., Wang, Y., Wu, L., 2020. Lithofacies and depositional mechanisms
  7 KB (985 words) - 18:54, 4 December 2023
• Petroleum source rocks
  | author = S. R. Jacobson ...me of the variations in oil-prone organic matter not considered in Lopatin's coal studies. Ungerer and Pelet<ref>Ungerer, P., and R. Pelet, 1987, Extrap
  12 KB (1,616 words) - 17:35, 13 April 2022
• AAPG Wiki:Wiki manager
  ...not closely aligned with static web content, but is more akin to the AAPG's nascent blog channel, or its membership engagement functions.
  2 KB (294 words) - 16:44, 22 July 2013
• Regional pressure compartments
  ...he Anadarko basin. From Bradley and Powley;<ref name=BandP1995>Bradley, J. S., and D. E. Powley, 1995, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memo ...in the compartment can be over, under, or normal. We can map a compartment's top, bottom, and sides from pressure measurements. Since pressure measureme
  6 KB (811 words) - 17:58, 17 February 2022
• Procedure for geometrical analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...trap_types|systems tracts]], and/or [[Hierarchy of sequences|parasequence]]s. Recognizing these correlation features is key to identifying depositional
  6 KB (862 words) - 15:20, 4 February 2022
• 2014 wiki write off
  Welcome to AAPG's inaugural Wiki Write Off!
  2 KB (257 words) - 19:24, 27 July 2015
• Sequence stratigraphy
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...AAPG Bulletin, vol. 82, no. 1, p. 110–146.</ref><ref name=ch21r34>Prosser, S., 1993, Rift-related linked depositional systems and their seismic expressi
  8 KB (1,093 words) - 21:21, 3 February 2022
• Preprocessing of logging data
  ...libration: The Log Analyst, v. 21, n. 2.</ref><ref name=pt04r7>Neinast, G. S., Knox, C. C., 1973, Normalization of well log data: SPWLA 14th Annual Logg ...luable aid in establishing depth correlations between core and logs. Boyle's law core porosity and core grain density can be used to construct a core bu
  13 KB (2,094 words) - 17:42, 18 January 2022
• Wellsite safety
  ...e is governed by federal and state regulations, as well as by the operator's in-house codes. Federal regulations are established in the ''Safety and Hea ...any drilling locations is hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a colorless gas that has a “rotten egg” odor at concentrations belo
  9 KB (1,411 words) - 15:10, 24 January 2022
• Chronostratigraphy
  ...art] as its guide to formal chronostratigraphy.<ref name=ICS>Cohen, K. M., S. C. Finney, P. L. Gibbard, and J.-X. Fan, 2013, The ICS International Chro
  3 KB (354 words) - 18:34, 14 March 2019
• Drive mechanisms and recovery
  ...hanisms''. Early determination and characterization of the drive mechanism(s) present within a reservoir may allow a greater ultimate recovery of hydroc ...expansion of the oil and its dissolved gas provides most of the reservoir's drive energy ([[:File:Drive-mechanisms-and-recovery_fig3.png|Figure 3]]). A
  16 KB (2,374 words) - 20:46, 19 January 2022
• Natural gas: history and forecast
  ...[http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1570 The future of energy gases]: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1570, p. 607-616.</ref>
  5 KB (786 words) - 16:33, 25 June 2015
• Economics of property acquisitions
  ...ul geotechnical and operational evaluation and discounted at the purchaser's corporate discount rate. Frequently, the next step is to recalculate the pr ..., rates, costs, and prices, project present value is estimated at the firm's chosen discount rate at ''probabilistic levels'' (''P''_90%, ''P'
  11 KB (1,584 words) - 16:04, 21 January 2022
• Solar energy
  ...r, and at all latitudes, only a part of the sun's energy reaches the Earth's surface. ...es. Proper architectural design of buildings to take advantage of sunlight's heat is receiving increasing attention. Several devices ([[Wikipedia:Solar_
  7 KB (1,091 words) - 13:31, 12 September 2014
• Identifying depositional sequences from biostratigraphic data
  ...abundance interval due to sediment starvation<ref name=ch04r59>Loutit, T. S., J. Hardenbol, P. R. Vail, and G. R. Baum, 1988, Condensed sections: the k ...m for the planktonic foraminiferal microfossils ''Globorotalia menardii'' (s = sinistral) and ''Globorotalia inflata'' from the MSC 160-1 core hole, Eas
  9 KB (1,143 words) - 14:57, 23 February 2022
• Lithofacies analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael # Integrate calibrated well logs into well log [[cross section]]s constructed during well log [[Sequence stratigraphy|sequence analysis]].
  2 KB (317 words) - 18:52, 4 February 2022
• Petroleum source rock formation
  | author = S. R. Jacobson
  2 KB (296 words) - 17:35, 13 April 2022
• Making regional structural cross sections
  Regional structural [[cross section]]s show interpretations of the present-day geology of a basin. They illustrate ...fferentially loading the plastic salt, causing diapirs and [[growth fault]]s to develop.<ref name=ch04r98>Trippet, A. R., 1981, Characteristics of diapi
  7 KB (970 words) - 20:33, 18 February 2022
• Forward modeling of seismic data
  ...imensional and consist of depth horizons and associated P wave velocities, S wave velocities, and densities ...mber of case study examples can be found in Fagin.<ref name=pt07r12>Fagin, S. W., 1991, Seismic Modeling of Geologic Structure: Tulsa, OK, Society of Ex
  10 KB (1,513 words) - 21:16, 19 January 2022
• China Shale Gas & Liquids - Bohai Bay Basin
  ...from the well-known Shengli Oilfield, Jiyang subbasin. Nearly 33% of China’s domestic oil production comes from the Bohai Bay Basin (Hao et al., 2011), ...11.2%, respectively), and therefore, high density and viscosity (~57.7 mPa·s) (Figure 5), e.g., poor mobility. In addition, the terrestrial shale in the
  8 KB (1,251 words) - 15:51, 14 March 2022
• Diagenetic impact on traps
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael * [[Stratigraphic trap]]s
  2 KB (297 words) - 21:06, 3 February 2022
• Great American carbonate bank
  | author = R. D. Fritz, W, A. Morgan, S. Longacre, J. R. Derby, C. A. Sternbach ...k (GACB) refers to a system of [[carbonate]]s and related [[siliciclastic]]s that were deposited on and around the [[Laurentia]]n continent during the [
  5 KB (768 words) - 18:39, 1 August 2016
• Types of diagenetic traps
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael Diagenetic [[trap]]s are created by [[Pore system fundamentals|pore throat]] modifications of pr
  2 KB (294 words) - 21:01, 4 February 2022
• Weyburn seal capacity
  ...it uses readily available core analyses. The method relates a core sample's porosity and permeability to the pore throat size indicated at a given nonw ==Winland's r₁₀==
  10 KB (1,484 words) - 20:55, 4 December 2023
• Wellsite math
  | ^D s || Smaller diameter || in. | L_s || Length of pump stroke || in.
  21 KB (3,142 words) - 15:10, 24 January 2022
• Prudhoe Bay field
  ...69, p. 286.</ref> McGowen et al.<ref name=Mcgowenetal_1987>McGowan, J. H., S. Bloch, and D. Hite, 1987, Depositional facies, diagenesis, and reservoir q
  11 KB (1,634 words) - 16:34, 26 April 2016
• Saturations required for hydrocarbon flow
  ...f 25–91% may be required.<ref name=ch10r27>England, W., A., Mackenzie, A., S., Mann, D., M., Quickley, T., M., 1987, The movement and entrapment of petr
  2 KB (313 words) - 13:57, 1 April 2022
• Sediment thickness and field location maps: Gulf of Mexico example
  ...et al.<ref name=Grossetal_1995>Gross, O. P., K. C. Hood, L. M. Wenger, and S. C. Harrison, 1995, Seismic imaging and analysis of source and migration wi ...enerated and provide an estimate of the potential number of [[source rock]]s within the area (see [[:file:Sedimentary-basin-analysis fig4-5.png|Figure 3
  5 KB (753 words) - 19:58, 18 February 2022
• Seismic data and mapping structure
  ...ensely drilled shallow horizon, avoiding the weathering layer at the earth's surface
  2 KB (320 words) - 19:10, 27 January 2022
• Fault plane profile construction
  ...endent [[Trap leakage|leak points]], and help assess [[hydrocarbon volume]]s. ...to its correct depth on the fault plane profile.<ref name=ch10r2>Allan, U. S., 1989, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1988-89/data/pg/0073/0
  6 KB (834 words) - 14:51, 29 March 2022
• Petroleum system naming
  ...enerated the hydrocarbons in an [[accumulation]]. At the end of the system's name, the level of certainty is indicated by (!) for known, (.) for hypothe
  3 KB (367 words) - 18:35, 25 January 2022
• Pressure compartment seals
  ...troleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the Geological Society's 4th conference, London, p. 1305–1313.</ref> Copyright: The Geological Soc ...quent bleed-down of pressure allows temporary rehealing of the [[fracture]]s. This cycle undoubtedly repeats many times. (David Powley, personal communi
  5 KB (763 words) - 17:58, 17 February 2022
• Growth strata
  ...define the timing of deformations. In contractional fault-related [[fold]]s, growth strata typically thin across fold limbs toward structural highs. Th ...ismic data, reprinted from Shaw et al.<ref name=Shawetal_1997>Shaw, J. H., S. C. Hook, and B. Satrio, 1997, [http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts
  13 KB (1,930 words) - 22:28, 20 January 2016
• Relating traps to paleogeography
  ...igh. Copyright: Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armetal1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, and C. R. Beeman, 1991, Seismic facies of slop ...e slope valleys.<ref name=ch04r3>Anderson, R., N., Abdulah, K., Sarzalejo, S., Siringan, F., Thomas, M., A., 1996, Late Quaternary sedimentation and hig
  11 KB (1,482 words) - 15:47, 21 March 2022
• Quantitative biostratigraphy
  ...n.wiktionary.org/wiki/isochronous synchronous] markers; those off the line(s), [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/diachronous diachronous].
  6 KB (785 words) - 20:58, 31 January 2022
• Economics: fundamental equations for oil and gas property evaluation
  ...allments. Also, maintenance costs are incurred repeatedly during a project's lifetime. So the [[Economics: time value of money|time value of money]] inv ...ty levels—to management accurately and consistently. Otherwise, management's investment decisions may be misguided and imprudent. Thus, the financial re
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• East Breaks hydrocarbon accumulation model
  ...es. From Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armentroutetal1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, and C. R. Beeman, 1991, Seismic facies of slop ...85–88, 90–92.</ref><ref name=ch04r2>Anderson, R., N., Flemings, P., Losh, S., Austin, J., Woodhams, R., 1994, [http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume
  8 KB (1,015 words) - 16:59, 23 March 2022
• Seismic data
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...compressional wave data, can provide information on lithology, [[fracture]]s, and the presence of hydrocarbons.
  5 KB (712 words) - 21:27, 2 February 2022
• Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS): examples of correlations
  ...the North Sea. From Telnæs and Cooper;<ref name=ch08r53>Telnæs, N., and B. S. Cooper, 1991, Oil-source rock correlation using biological markers, Norweg Numbered peaks are hopanes. T_s and T_m are, respectively, 18α(H)-22,29,30-trisnorneo-hopa
  6 KB (775 words) - 21:49, 15 February 2022
• East Breaks hydrocarbon migration model
  ...92.</ref> and Anderson et al<ref name=ch04r2>Anderson, R. N., P. Flemings, S. Losh, J. Austin, and R. Woodhams, 1994, [http://www.ogj.com/articles/print ...tterns have been suggested by Hanor and Sassen.<ref name=ch04r42>Hanor, J. S., and R. Sassen, 1990, Evidence for large-scale vertical and lateral migrat
  10 KB (1,376 words) - 16:00, 23 March 2022
• Selecting a surficial geochemistry survey method
  ...hod(s) for a surface geochemical exploration program? The choice of method(s) depends on the kinds of questions you hope the survey results will answer. ...he very [[hydrocarbon]]s we hope to find in our [[trap]]s and [[reservoir]]s. Additionally, chemical and isotopic analysis of these hydrocarbons, especi
  6 KB (809 words) - 17:05, 25 January 2022
• Borehole gravity
  ...d definition of remote structures, such as salt domes, faults, and [[reef]]s. ...turated sands are a particularly easy target.<ref name=pt07r16>Gournay, L. S., and R. E. Maute, 1982, Detection of bypassed gas using borehole gravimete
  10 KB (1,517 words) - 15:54, 20 January 2022
• Permeability
  ...ig1.png|300px|thumb|{{figure number|1}}Modified schematic diagram of Darcy's experimental apparatus. (Modified from Folk.<ref name=pt05r56>Folk, R. L., ...were then related to flow rates to obtain the following fundamental Darcy's law:
  19 KB (2,716 words) - 19:02, 20 January 2022
• Making regional tectonic maps
  ...surrounding areas, in combination with regional structure [[cross section]]s, give an overall impression of the geologic architecture of the basin and f * Known distribution of mid-Jurassic [[evaporite]]s (pre-marine evaporites)
  8 KB (1,069 words) - 20:03, 18 February 2022
• Structural fairway prospectivity
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Regional geologic data (tops, [[cross section]]s, maps)
  3 KB (340 words) - 18:50, 3 February 2022
• Tectonic modeling
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...of these models is usually a right circular cylinder composed of the rock(s) being studied.
  16 KB (2,083 words) - 21:28, 2 February 2022
• Hydroelectric power
  ...re number|1}}World hydroelectric power generation and percent of the world's total electricity generation.<ref name+Salvador_2005>Salvador, A., Energy-A ...f electricity that water started to make a major contribution to the world's supply of energy. Hydroelectric power is, as of 2005, the second largest so
  10 KB (1,466 words) - 16:06, 11 January 2016
• Oil and gas contracts
  ...han what costs would have been if 100% of risks associated with the farmor's eventual interest after farm-out had been paid for by the farmor. ...ed, determined, and accounted for. In addition, it provides for each party's rights to the production obtained and sets out how leases will be acquired,
  13 KB (1,979 words) - 19:26, 19 January 2022
• Pressure transient testing
  ...up and flow tests, see Matthews and Russell.<ref name=pt09r16>Matthews, C. S., and D. G. Russell, 1967, Pressure buildup and flow tests in wells: Dallas :<math>s = 1.151 \left[\frac{\Delta p_{1{\rm hr}}}{m} - \log \left(\frac{k}{\phi \mu
  15 KB (2,314 words) - 17:45, 21 January 2022
• Trap geometry: changes
  ...ting charge volume|charged]] during structural growth, and [[accumulation]]s can be partially or completely spilled by later structural [[deformation]]. ...d during the late Eocene<ref name=ch11r1>Atkinson, C., McGowen, J., Block, S., Lundell, L., Trumbly, P., 1990, Braidplain and deltaic reservoirs, Prudho
  6 KB (845 words) - 15:29, 1 February 2022
• Influence of depositional environment on sandstone diagenesis
  ...ndstone diagenesis. After Stonecipher et al.<ref name=ch09r60>Stonecipher, S. A., R. D. Winn, Jr., and M. G. Bishop, 1984, [http://archives.datapages.co ...fferent detrital mineral suites.<ref name=Stonecipher&May1990>Stonecipher, S. A., and J. A. May, 1990, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/resm
  8 KB (1,129 words) - 14:11, 6 April 2022
• Production testing
  ...ning, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, Society of Petroleum Engineer's Monograph 5, 264 p.</ref>]] ...to estimate formation permeability<ref name=pt09r15>Lee, W. J., T. B. Kuo, S. A. Holditch, and D. A. McVay, 1984, Estimating formation permeability from
  14 KB (2,165 words) - 18:42, 20 January 2022
• Magnetic field: local variations
  | author = Edward A. Beaumont, S. Parker Gay ...lithologies and magnetic susceptibilities. From Gay;<ref name=Gay1995>Gay, S. P., Jr., 1995, The basement fault block pattern: its importance in petrole
  6 KB (946 words) - 19:56, 27 January 2022
• Third-order sequences
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...zoic chronostratigraphy and cycles of sea-level change in C. K. Wilgus, B. S. Hastings, H. W. Posamentier, J. Van Wagoner, C. A. Ross, and G. C. St. C.
  8 KB (1,084 words) - 22:25, 3 February 2022
• Scientific method
  ...n subjective measures. One helpful approach is to assess whether a company's technical efforts are truly part of a scientific approach to exploration. A
  3 KB (380 words) - 14:31, 18 February 2022
• Seismic scale importance
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...l sequences from the [[Delaware basin|Delaware]] and [[Paradox basin]]s, U.S.A. Copyright: Sarg;<ref name=Sarg1988>Sarg, J. F., 1988, Carbonate sequence
  2 KB (346 words) - 21:06, 3 February 2022
• Monte Carlo and stochastic simulation methods
  For example, the input variables might be porosity (&phi;), oil saturation (S₀), and a binary indicator (I) set equal to 1 or 0 depending on w ...known. However, in practice, the previous three input quantities (&phi;, ''S''₀, I) are poorly sampled at best, and the unsampled values must
  11 KB (1,623 words) - 19:24, 19 January 2022
• Land rigs
  ...ed is dependent on the rock type and drilling conditions. Common [bit type]s include drag, tri-cone, insert, PDC, and diamond. ...ight|drill string]], [[slack-off weight|slack-off]], and [[pick-up weight]]s. This information helps determine the amount of [[hole friction]] and the c
  12 KB (2,020 words) - 16:19, 20 January 2022
• Vibro-sesismic to increasing the production rate of coal bed methane
  ...eservoir in general. The CBM gases are adsorbed in a layer within the coal’s matrix (seam) and contain water inside of the crack. So that, CBM well will ..., 3, A6, and I. The vibro seismic method is applied with various frequency’s value in each samples. And the value of permeability is measured using Hasl
  11 KB (1,551 words) - 16:49, 11 January 2016
• Oil correlation
  ...to source rock correlation. Concepts and case studies, in M. H. Engel, and S. A. Macko, eds., Organic Geochemistry: New York, Plenum Press, p. 473–490 ...ture extracts and oils.<ref name=ch08r26>Kohnen, M. E. L., S. Schouten, J. S. Sinninghe Damste, J. W. de Leeuw, D. Merrit, and J. M. Hayes, 1992, The co
  9 KB (1,313 words) - 22:06, 14 February 2022
• Mapping paleogeography
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...eposition of [[Reservoir quality|reservoir]], [[seal]], and [[source rock]]s can be ascertained from paleogeographic maps.
  3 KB (346 words) - 20:13, 4 February 2022
• Yowlumne field
  | author = Michael S. Clark, Rick K. Prather, John D. Melvin ...leum system (Graham and Williams).<ref name=Grahamandwilliams_1985>Graham, S. A., and L. A. Williams, 1985, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns
  13 KB (1,896 words) - 19:02, 11 March 2019
• Pyrolysis gas chromatography
  ...epresents the relative abundance of the compound pyrolized from the sample's kerogen. Typical gas chromatogram examples for types I, II, and III kerogen ...T. Salvatori, A. Alajbeg, B. Gjukic, G. J. Demaison, N. E. Slougue, and D. S. Watt, 1992, Source correlation and maturity assessment of select oils and
  6 KB (817 words) - 18:19, 9 February 2022
• Reserves estimation
  * ''S''_w = connate water saturation (decimal) from log and/or core dat where RF = recovery factor, which equals RF_P + RF_S
  16 KB (2,550 words) - 17:47, 21 January 2022
• Paleoenvironmental analysis
  ...onment at the collection site at the time of deposition, based on the rock's paleontological record. Information can be reconstructed for depositional e ...r, North Sea, in Morton, A., C., Haszeldine, R., S., Giles, M., R., Brown, S., eds., Geology of the Brent Group: Geological Society Special Publication
  10 KB (1,252 words) - 19:55, 31 January 2022
• Buoyancy pressures and hydrocarbon presence
  [[Buoyancy pressure]]s caused by [[hydrocarbon column]]s can be recognized by comparing [[Normal hydrostatic pressure gradients|hydr # Plot the pressure(s) measured from the interval of interest.
  3 KB (387 words) - 18:56, 16 February 2022
• Owners of oil and gas interests
  ...iding royalty'' is generally a cost-free interest carved out of the lessee's leasehold estate. ...affidavits of death and heirship from people who knew the deceased person's family history.
  19 KB (2,972 words) - 19:25, 19 January 2022
• AAPG Wiki:Moderation
  ...person-hours at AAPG's disposal, especially from [[Subject Matter Expert]]s *[[Matt]]'s experience is that the moderators ''are'' the content creators—they are t
  9 KB (1,348 words) - 15:55, 6 August 2013
• Stratigraphically complex fields
  .... (From Galloway and Cheng.<ref name=pt06r35>Galloway, W. E., Cheng, E. S. S., 1985, Reservoir facies architecture in a microtidal barrier system—Frio * Describe lithofacies and interpreted depositional environment(s) (see [[Lithofacies and environmental analysis of clastic depositional syst
  8 KB (983 words) - 20:49, 19 January 2022
• Braided fluvial reservoirs
  ...bon reservoirs: The petroleum engineer's perspective, in J. L. Best and C. S. Bristow, eds., Braided rivers: Geological Society Special Publication 75, ...of the Budare field in Venezuela.<ref name=Hamiltonetal_2002>Hamilton, D. S., et al., 2002, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2002/07jul/123
  13 KB (1,859 words) - 21:29, 12 March 2019
• Seismic migration
  ...cture of subsurface structure from the seismic waves recorded at the earth's surface. Deconvolution, for example, aims to sharpen reflections, and commo While the earth's subsurface is more complicated than that shown in [[:file:seismic-migration
  14 KB (2,045 words) - 20:21, 21 January 2022
• The gravity method
  ....</ref> Field instuments are capable of detecting differences in the earth's field between 0.000001 and 0.0001 Gal (or between 1 μGal and 0.1 mGal), de
  6 KB (854 words) - 16:19, 20 January 2022
• Sequence stratigraphy: hierarchy of sequences
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...e cyclic phenomena. Six orders of [[Sea level cycle phase|sea level cycle]]s are recognized from [[Stratigraphy|stratigraphic]] evidence.<ref name=ch21r
  3 KB (380 words) - 22:25, 3 February 2022
• Water resistivity determination
  Let's assume for ''a'', ''m'', and ''n'' the usual initial values of 1, 2, and 2, In a water zone, ''S''_w = 1, thus Equation 4 becomes
  13 KB (2,077 words) - 17:26, 18 January 2022
• Mancos Shale Play in New Mexico
  ...the Offshore Mancos Shale play. Modified from Hart<ref name=Hart>Hart, B. S., 2021, Stratigraphy and Hydrocarbon Resources of the San Juan Basin: Lesso ...ments/2018/11096broadhead/ndx_broadhead.pdf.html.</ref> the San Juan Basin’s “Mancos Play” really consists of three separate plays.
  6 KB (985 words) - 20:14, 2 June 2021
• Lithofacies maps
  ...tendency for shorelines to cut predominantly north–south across the world's climate zones. The Earth currently has ice caps but has lacked them for lar ...91Ch11FG69.JPG|thumb|300px|{{figure number|1}}An [[alluvial]] fan in China's Xinjuang Province. The diameter of the fan is about 170 km (106 mi). Courte
  21 KB (3,139 words) - 16:54, 6 April 2016
• Formation fluid pressure from drill stem tests
  * During '''shut-in periods''', the packer(s) is still inflated and the tester valve is closed. Ideally, pressure in the ...was performed. It should match the IHP within 5 psi as a check of the tool's accuracy (assuming the packers did not leak).
  6 KB (997 words) - 17:55, 17 February 2022
• Weyburn field location and trap problem
  ...}}Location of Weyburn field. Copyright: Coalson et al.<ref>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals and fluid-flow barriers ...rn, 1988, Mississippian oil fields in the northern Williston Basin, ''in'' S. M. Goolsby, and M. W. Longman, eds., Occurrence and Petrophysical Properti
  6 KB (848 words) - 17:34, 3 January 2024
• Near-surface destruction
  Oil and gas in near-surface [[accumulation]]s and in seeps can be destroyed by three processes that may act concurrently: ...ther components of the oil can also be destroyed.<ref name=ch11r28>Palmer, S., 1991, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/geochem1/data/a037/a03
  8 KB (1,193 words) - 18:51, 1 February 2022
• Biodegradation of crude oil in reservoirs
  ...methodo2/data/a081/a081/0001/0000/0003.htm Size distributions of the world’s largest known oil and tar accumulations], ''in'' R. F. Meyer, ed., [https:/ ...alled alkanes). (e.g. Propane and Iso-butane).<ref name="3Paraffins">Eser, S., [https://www.e-education.psu.edu/fsc432/content/paraffins Paraffins]: Pen
  16 KB (2,354 words) - 18:16, 25 April 2022
• Risk: dealing with risk aversion
  ...ned to take a risk at the beginning of a project than later in the project's life ...k-adjusted value'' (RAV) of any given venture to a given firm, if the firm's risk aversion (or preference function) is known. Cozzolino,<ref name=pt02r6
  10 KB (1,487 words) - 18:22, 21 January 2022
• Lwandle plate
  ...2, issue B5. DOI:10.1029/2006JB004519</ref><ref name=Stampsetal>Stamps, D. S., E. Calais, E. Saria, C. Hartnady, J.-M. Nocquet, C. J. Ebinger, and R. M. ...is a [[triple junction]] that separates the three plates. From USGS<ref>U.S. Geological Survey, retrieved 25 October 2014.</ref>]]
  10 KB (1,574 words) - 16:51, 6 April 2016
• Multivariate data analysis
  ...act of pattern cognition.<ref name=Miller_etal_1962>Miller, R. L., and J. S. Kahn, 1962, Statistical analysis in the geological sciences: New York, Joh ...ted linearly to the second set, denoted x, called the independent variable(s). (For details of multiple and multivariate regression analysis, see [[Corr
  16 KB (2,349 words) - 15:46, 19 January 2022
• Reservoir simulation study
  ...tion purposes]]). A simulation study requires description of the reservoir's rock and fluid properties, validation of completion and production history, ...sed to develop this description, the ultimate test of the simulation model's validity is its reproduction of production data. The smaller relative uncer
  19 KB (2,711 words) - 17:48, 21 January 2022
• Pinedale field
  ...tcf) of methane-rich natural gas. Despite the huge gas reserves, the field's productive areal extent is relatively small as it is only about 30 mi (48 k ...s necessary to conduct multistage hydraulic fracturing in all of the field's wells to create pathways for the gas to enter the wellbores at commercial r
  16 KB (2,521 words) - 17:13, 29 January 2016
• Silurian Qusaiba shales
  ...ntrell, D. L., P. G. Nicholson, G. W. Hughes, M. A. Miller, A. G. Bhullar, S. T. Abdelbagi et al., 2014, [http://http://archives.datapages.com/data/spec ...in the [[Arabian Plate]] and distribution of [[Silurian]] Qusaiba [[shale]]s beneath [[Hercynian]] unconformity (after Faqira et al., 2009<ref name=Faqi
  18 KB (2,569 words) - 22:50, 8 January 2019
• How different structural philosophies govern techniques
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra
  3 KB (422 words) - 20:17, 3 February 2022
• Land description and maps
  ...tied to base points that are defined, identified, and delineated by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. ...data (i.e., producing wells, [[dry hole]]s, total depths drilled, operator's name, and occasionally, unit outlines and topographic information)
  15 KB (2,269 words) - 19:25, 19 January 2022
• East Breaks overburden rock
  ...le source rock, although Taylor and Armentrout<ref name=ch04r93>Taylor, G. S., and J. M. Armentrout, 1990, Rock geochemistry and relationships to produc
  6 KB (929 words) - 19:41, 22 March 2022
• Remote sensing
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Directly contracting low-altitude aerial photography or, in the U.S., obtaining existing surveys from the Department of Interior or Department
  6 KB (794 words) - 20:06, 2 February 2022
• Porosity
  ...pore types can be identified by integrating data from [[core description]]s, thin section petrography, scanning electron microscopy, and [[capillary pr | rowspan = 6 | Boyle's law porosity: grain volume determination || Very accurate
  24 KB (3,450 words) - 19:09, 20 January 2022
• Statistics overview
  :<math>s^{2} = \frac{\displaystyle\sum (X - \bar{x})^{2}}{n}</math> ...ion being tested is the same as the test statistic—in this case, a Student's ''t'' distribution—which is normally distributed and has a mean of 0 and
  16 KB (2,483 words) - 19:28, 19 January 2022
• Apatite fission track analysis
  ...of an area (and its expected thermal history) to verify or refine a vendor's interpretation.
  7 KB (994 words) - 21:38, 4 February 2022
• Utilization of the industrial revolution 4.0 in oil and gas exploration
  .../doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2005.09.001</ref> <ref name=Islam_2020>Islam, M. S. ul. (2020). Using deep learning based methods to classify salt bodies in s ...n engineers.<ref name=Miahetal_2020>Miah, M. I., Zendehboudi, S., & Ahmed, S. (2020). Log data-driven model and feature ranking for water saturation pre
  21 KB (3,096 words) - 20:59, 21 April 2022
• Stratigraphic predictions from computer simulation
  ...figure number|3}}Sepositional [[facies map]] for the ''Glob alt'' interval’s basal sequence boundary, constructed by integrating the biofacies map, the ...y Rouch et al.<ref name=ch04r83>Rouch, L., S., Armentrout, J., M., Bowman, S., A., 1993, Iterative analysis of depositional sequences: computer simulati
  7 KB (895 words) - 16:18, 24 March 2022
• Top seal ductility estimation
  ....<ref name=ch10r37>Hoshino, K., Koide, H., Inami, K., Iwamura, S., Mitsui, S., 1972, Mechanical properties of Japanese Tertiary sedimentary rocks under
  7 KB (1,000 words) - 15:22, 30 March 2022
• Log analysis applications
  ...mmon sampling increment) or (2) by varying increments (based on each trace's unique sampling nature). ...read into a computer by a LAP, they are automatically converted to the LAP's internal data format for storage and use.
  21 KB (3,142 words) - 16:20, 20 January 2022
• Petroleum exploration
  ...salt water to migrate downward below. This migration is controlled by rock’s permeability and porosity. ...ed to get expected result. Once the layout is assigned, the rest of survey’s procedure must follow the layout plan. The layouts that must be planned inc
  15 KB (2,331 words) - 19:12, 17 April 2019
• Fault seal analysis for reservoir development
  ...ew, ''in'' S. J. Jolley, Q. J. Fisher, R. B. Ainsworth, P. J. Vrolijk, and S. Delisle, eds., Reservoir compartmentalization: Geological Society (London) ...have sealing properties and that it is not an open channel for flow. Allan's mapping relies on the construction of the fault surface section ([[:file:Gu
  14 KB (2,146 words) - 19:35, 13 September 2022
• Covenant field
  ...Utah thrust belt. Chidsey, et al.<ref name=Chidsey>Chidsey, T. C., Jr., J. S. DeHamer, E. E. Hartwick, K. R. Johnson, D. D. Schelling, D. A. Sprinkel, D | colspan = 4 | 0.48% S, d13C = −29.4 to −29.0‰
  6 KB (897 words) - 19:39, 14 February 2017
• Superimposed sea level cycles
  ...lify or dampen the transgressions and regressions of the next higher order(s) of cyclicity. The right side of the following schematic illustrates cycle ...forming potential hydrocarbon [[source rock]]s.<ref name=ch04r27>Creaney, S., Passey, Q., R., 1993, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1992-9
  11 KB (1,469 words) - 15:06, 5 January 2024
• Seismic data - creating an integrated structure map
  ...the velocity changes from about 11,400 ft/s for velocity (NE) to 10,200 ft/s (SW) in the space of just over a mile. When this occurs, time structure and
  7 KB (1,117 words) - 17:51, 25 January 2022
• Cross-borehole tomography
  ...http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%27s_ratio%20Poisson's%20ratio Poisson's ratio] can be computed in the interwell volume. ...name=pt07r26>Justice, J. H., A. A. Vassiliou, M. E. Mathisen, S. Singh, P. S. Cunningham, and P. R. Hutt, 1992, Acoustic tomography in reservoir surveil
  14 KB (2,060 words) - 20:51, 19 January 2022
• Structural domains
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * [[Fold style]]s
  3 KB (422 words) - 18:50, 3 February 2022
• Sandstone diagenetic processes
  ...rontier Sandstone, Bighorn basin, Wyoming, in Coalson, E., B., Kaplan, S., S., Keighin, C., W., Oglesby, L., A., Robinson, J., W., eds., Sandstone Reser
  7 KB (870 words) - 20:30, 5 April 2022
• Mudstones
  ...ocks in the stratigraphic column. They preserve the best archives of Earth’s history for interpreting paleoclimate and paleo-oceanography; influence the ...r2015a /><ref name=Lzr2015b>Lazar, O. R., K. M. Bohacs, J. Schieber, J. H. S. Macquaker, and T. M. Demko, 2015b, Mudstone primer: Lithofacies variations
  16 KB (2,352 words) - 18:46, 4 December 2023
• Normal hydrostatic pressure gradients
  ...y Mountains, a formation water gradient of 0.45 psi/ft is common. In the U.S. Gulf Coast, a gradient of 0.465 psi/ft is common. ...er. However, because exceptions occur, have some idea of the type of fluid(s) expected in the area being studied and use appropriate values.
  3 KB (428 words) - 10:24, 17 March 2022
• Nature of the oil and gas lease
  ...ls and to perpetuate the lease by allowing off-the-lease-premise unit well(s) to maintain the lease in force. Royalty is paid pro rata on an acreage bas ...ssee, if production is established, may recover such costs from the lessor's share); and (3) that in the event the lessor owns less than a full interest
  15 KB (2,397 words) - 19:26, 19 January 2022
• Predicting sandstone reservoir porosity
  ...ents different methods of predicting sandstone porosity. Choose the method(s) most appropriate to your situation. ...le of regression porosity–depth plots for different formations along the U.S. Gulf Coast. From Loucks et al.;<ref name=Loucks>Loucks, R. G., M. M. Dodge
  10 KB (1,384 words) - 15:00, 6 April 2022
• Cross-well electromagnetic tomography monitoring of fluid distribution
  ...ion between the wells and to the targeted zone.<ref name=Schlumberger_2021>S. O. Glossary, 2021, [https://glossary.oilfield.slb.com/en/Terms/c/crosswell ...condary magnetic field that is measured by the coils. The induction device's advantage over the electrode devices is that it is used in an oil-based mud
  18 KB (2,715 words) - 18:29, 8 February 2024
• Seismic facies mapping
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...[[Seismic sequence analysis|seismic reflection patterns]] and [[isochron]]s (thickness measured in seconds of two-way time).
  3 KB (414 words) - 17:47, 4 February 2022
• Ti in zircon geothermometer
  ...stal lattice. Zircon is a useful mineral due to its abundance in the Earth's [[crust]], its ability to incorporate various [[radioactive]] and nonradioa ...]] mineral that is commonly found as an accessory mineral throughout Earth's crust.<ref name="Finch and Hanchar, structure of zircon" />
  16 KB (2,328 words) - 22:11, 3 December 2015
• Organic facies
  | author = S. R. Jacobson ...ect the hydrocarbon generative potential of the maceral type. Van Krevelen's work was extended to potential petroleum source rocks by Tissot and his co-
  17 KB (2,472 words) - 17:39, 13 April 2022
• Tethys region
  ...occurred across North Africa and Arabia, to intracontinental sub-[[basin]]s and rift-basins (Arabian plate and North Africa, respectively) in the Permi ...wn in Table 1, these Tethyan countries account for 239 and 49 of the world’s giant and supergiant fields, respectively. There is a predominance of prove
  23 KB (3,325 words) - 14:52, 1 August 2016
• Phases of a seismic project
  ...ic processing|processing]] problems, then the data may contain [[artifact]]s. These are most commonly seen as map-view [[amplitude]] patterns and are ca
  3 KB (455 words) - 22:00, 25 January 2022
• Maturation
  ...ties|pore fluid chemistry]] can affect the thermal history and thus a rock's rate of maturation. ...vitrinite]], [[kerogen]], [[spore]]s, [[apatite]] grains, and [[biomarker]]s; each has its own relationship to the kerogen transformation rate.
  3 KB (421 words) - 18:26, 9 February 2022
• Structural styles: data and techniques for evaluation
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...large asymmetric [[hanging wall]] folds, and late listric [[normal fault]]s. These features are arranged to form an overall arcuate deformed belt. Ther
  3 KB (420 words) - 20:13, 3 February 2022
• Well log analysis for reservoir characterization
  ...for every one of them, but in this article, the author will use Simandoux’s (1963) method, to calculate the water saturation by using this method, the ...alculate the permeability, but in this article, the author will use Coates’s (1981) method, the formula is listed below:
  25 KB (3,679 words) - 21:17, 13 March 2019
• Potential fields
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Purchased surveys from government sources in the U.S. and overseas
  3 KB (393 words) - 19:52, 2 February 2022
• Surficial geochemistry and hydrocarbon detection methods
  ...moir 66], p. 1–14.</ref> Barwise and Hay<ref name=ch18r6>Barwise, T., Hay, S., 1996, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/memoir66/28/0363.htm P ...itation needed}} (electrical), Tedesco (iodine),<ref name=ch18r44>Tedesco, S., A., 1995, Surface Geochemistry in Petroleum Exploration: New York, Chapma
  10 KB (1,443 words) - 16:08, 25 January 2022
• Eagle Ford Group in southwest Texas (USGS)
  '''By Justin E. Birdwell, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO ''' ...l Survey, University of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology<ref name=US2015>U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2015, EIA updates Eagle Ford maps to pr
  11 KB (1,594 words) - 19:15, 8 February 2024
• Barmer basin
  | author = Bodapati S. Naidu, V. R. Sunder, Vachaspati Kothari, Pinak Mohapatra, Stuart D. Burley ...ow the distribution of discovered fields in the Barmer and [[Cambay basin]]s and their relative phase ratios of [[gas]], [[oil]], and [[condensate]].]]
  24 KB (3,528 words) - 22:50, 8 January 2019
• Trap leakage
  Five major seal failure mechanisms form the basis for this section's discussion on seal leakage. ...ing displacement pressure of the seal in a water-wet seal. [[Accumulation]]s are preserved for geologically significant time if leakage rate is low. Rat
  3 KB (445 words) - 16:58, 1 February 2022
• Contourites
  ...-toy-foto13.jpg|400px|thumbnail|right|Schematic distribution of contourite's facies. It shows a longitudinal and transverse decrease in current intensit ...t the School of Mines Geology from Caracas, Venezuela, the scientist Nicolás Muñoz applies the term “contornita”, in Spanish, as the equivalent of
  13 KB (1,889 words) - 19:11, 6 April 2016
• Reducing exploration risk
  ...em case study is completed. As the case study develops, an idea(s) or play(s) that involves this petroleum system will occur to the investigator. This p
  8 KB (1,240 words) - 20:43, 25 January 2022
• East Breaks deep-water exploration strategy
  ...as. Use trends of [[isochron]] thicks basinward of each depositional cycle's shelf edge as a guide. ...s]] thick [[Syncline|synclinal]] fill basinward of each depositional cycle's shelf edge delineate areas in which to map seismic facies, looking for lows
  6 KB (902 words) - 16:00, 24 March 2022
• Postaccumulation cementation
  ...quality]] decreases with increasing age and burial.<ref name=ch11r5>Bloch, S., 1991, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1990-91/data/pg/0075/0
  3 KB (430 words) - 15:35, 1 February 2022
• Synthetic seismograms: correlation to other data
  ...)|phase]], then manually aligning the simulated trace with the field trace(s) in the vicinity of the well. This is normally done over some limited inter
  3 KB (486 words) - 19:10, 27 January 2022
• Structural exploration: thrust belt example
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...al-traps_fig20-5.png|{{figure number|2}}Tectonic setting for the western U.S. relevant to Laramide plate tectonics. From Schwartz<ref name=Schwartz_1982
  14 KB (1,897 words) - 20:01, 3 February 2022
• Deep-water marine reservoirs
  ...sent-day deep water with numerous prolific discoveries.<ref>Pettingill, H. S., and P. Weimer, 2001, Global deep-water exploration: Past, present and fut ...s: Tulsa, AAPG, p. 95–125.</ref><ref>Harker, S. D., S. C. H. Green, and R. S. Romani, 1991, The Claymore field, Block 14/19, UK North Sea, in I. L. Abbo
  20 KB (2,850 words) - 15:33, 15 January 2024
• Mapping unconformities
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...r relationship to the unconformity.<ref name=ch21r12>Dolson, J. C., and D. S. Muller, 1994, Stratigraphic evolution of the Lower Cretaceous Dakota Group
  7 KB (977 words) - 20:39, 4 February 2022
• Core orientation
  ...th a compass, camera, battery pack, and timer.<ref name=pt03r41>Rowley, D. S., C. A. Burk, T. Manual, and W. F. Kempe, 1971, Oriented cores: Christensen ...hematite. These minerals act as miniature compasses and lock-in the earth's ambient magnetic field. A primary signal is imprinted near the time of depo
  13 KB (1,964 words) - 20:50, 19 January 2022
• Syncline
  ...in the earth’s crust, to large collisions of the crust’s [[tectonic plate]]s. These tectonic forces are usually compressions within the earth crust and ...s”. So in order words, a syncline is identified by the younger rocks at it’s core. In folds, crests and troughs are usually firstly referred to as synfo
  3 KB (505 words) - 15:58, 21 March 2019
• Borehole gravity applications: examples
  The broad departure between the BHGM and gamma-gamma [[density log]]s in this Michigan reef example reveals the edge of the reef complex is withi ...ld be able to tell conclusively which of the two [[seismic interpretation]]s shown below in the figure was valid. Either interpretation would have a sig
  11 KB (1,596 words) - 18:08, 24 January 2022
• Shale tectonics
  ...as extrusive eruptive sand blows or mud volcanoes has captured the public's imagination and given scientists the impetus to reconsider the physics of h ...ref><ref name=Mcneiletal_2010>McNeil, D. H., J. R. Dietrich, D. R. Issler, S. E. Grasby, J. Dixon, and L. D. Stasiuk, 2010, [http://archives.datapages.c
  17 KB (2,466 words) - 16:16, 10 January 2024
• Free water level determination using pressure
  As an example, let's determine the downdip length of a 30°API oil column with the following giv
  3 KB (463 words) - 17:54, 17 February 2022
• Rig personnel
  ...o the toolpusher and is responsible for the active drilling phase, [[trip]]s, and the safety of the floor hands. Reporting to the driller are the derric Although the toolpusher stays at the rig 24 hr a day, the crew(s) usually commute and work 8- or 12-hr shifts or tours.
  3 KB (474 words) - 18:22, 21 January 2022
• Wiki write off
  Welcome to AAPG's Wiki Write Off!
  3 KB (399 words) - 12:51, 28 September 2015
• Tectonostratigraphic history
  ...tory for a basin is usually portrayed in a time series of [[cross section]]s, showing the geologic elements of each phase. Because all basins are three ...rd. From Hall et al.;<ref name=Hall>Hall, D. J., B. E. Bowen, R. N. Rosen, S. Wu, and A. W. Bally, 1993, Mesozoic and early Cenozoic development of the
  7 KB (1,044 words) - 16:34, 22 February 2022
• East Breaks trap formation
  * as fault-dependent closure at [[growth fault]]s, ...odel investigations of margin environmental and tectonic processes], in J. S. Watkins and C. L. Drake, Studies in Continental Margin Geology: AAPG Memoi
  7 KB (1,022 words) - 21:54, 22 March 2022
• Formation-scale migration pathways
  ...endicular). These factors are similar to the factors [[reservoir engineer]]s use to characterize reservoir heterogeneity. They are, however, more diffic ...a wavy bedded rock. After Ringrose and Corbett.<ref name=ch07r11>Ringrose, S. P., and P. W. M. Corbett, 1994, Controls in two phase fluid flow in hetero
  3 KB (478 words) - 15:19, 14 February 2022
• Taxes
  | author = Robert S. Thompson ...O, Thompson-Wright Associates, 212 p.</ref> <ref name=pt02r17>Thompson, R. S., Wright, J. D., 1992, Oil and gas property evaluation, 3rd ed.: Golden, CO
  16 KB (1,909 words) - 15:01, 24 January 2022
• Fracking
  * Al-Jubori, A., and S. Johnston, 2009, Coalbed Methane: Clean Energy for the World, ''in'' Charac
  3 KB (484 words) - 21:18, 27 March 2019
• Types of wells
  ..., and the rate of penetration is faster.<ref>Downton, G., A. Hendricks, T. S. Klausen, and D. Pafitis, 2000, New directions in rotary steerable drilling [[Horizontal well]]s are wells where the reservoir section is drilled at a high angle, typically
  22 KB (3,567 words) - 17:20, 11 March 2019
• Structural exploration: location selection
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...plays in the [[Rocky Mountains|Rocky Mountain]] [[thrust]] belts of the U.S. and Canada may be sensitive to forelimb or backlimb locations to provide t
  4 KB (545 words) - 18:52, 3 February 2022
• Sedimentary basin analysis
  ...nvolves studying the history of sediment accumulation within [[depocenter]]s and the tectonic processes that create the basin depression, influence the ...n analysis for [[petroleum system]] identification. Reconstructing a basin's history, from regional [[tectonic setting]] to a single local basin, provid
  4 KB (512 words) - 16:26, 18 February 2022
• Paleogeography and prospect identification
  ...of clastic depositional systems#Shoreline deposits|shorelines]] or [[reef]]s. Mapping thickness of reservoir-quality rocks is also useful for establishi ...ostratigraphic data into a grid of stratigraphic well-log [[cross section]]s if wells are available.
  4 KB (491 words) - 14:27, 21 March 2022
• Cash flow model
  | author = Robert S. Thompson ...l must come from a geotechnical analysis (including maps, [[cross section]]s, and reservoir analysis) of the anticipated new field or well and from geot
  19 KB (2,272 words) - 19:27, 19 January 2022
• Surficial geochemical case history 1: structural traps
  Meyer et al.<ref name=ch18r27>Meyer, W., T., Lovell, J., S., Hale, M., 1983, Detection of concealed mineral and energy resources by va ...d three producers, three wells with uncommercial shows, and 33 [[dry hole]]s. The microbial survey correctly predicted all 33 dry holes and identified t
  3 KB (445 words) - 22:29, 31 January 2022
• Structural play geology
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...g., Ghawar, Saudi Arabia (560,000 ac)] to small [Major County, Oklahoma, U.S.A. (160 ac or less)].<ref>J. Coughlon, personal communication, 1996</ref> T
  18 KB (2,422 words) - 14:21, 2 February 2022
• Geology
  ...hensive definition would be: <blockquote>Geology is the study of the earth's constitution, history, and structure as disclosed by the sequence of rock f
  4 KB (561 words) - 21:20, 1 February 2023
• Measurement while drilling
  * ''Determination of kick-off point(s) for sidetrack wells''—The decision to sidetrack or redrill a well to a m * ''Determination of kick-off point(s) for horizontal wells''— MWD logs are used for correlation with offset da
  8 KB (1,083 words) - 21:18, 19 January 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems
  ...cesses needed for an oil and gas accumulation to exist." In Magoon and Dow's definition, the elements include [[source rock]], [[reservoir rock]], [[sea
  4 KB (469 words) - 19:01, 14 March 2016
• South Viking Graben
  ...ng of the extent of [[submarine fan]]s containing [[hydrocarbon reservoir]]s. .... R. Underbill, D. G. A. Kadolsky, R. Connell, P. Johannessen, and R. Ravnås, 2003, Upper Jurassic, in D. Evans, C. Graham, A. Armour, and P. Bathurst,
  23 KB (3,562 words) - 19:06, 17 January 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: global distribution
  ...ky Mountain basins, it is likely that many of the Andean [[foreland basin]]s of South America also contain BCGAs. Several of the basins in the Middle Ea ...Wilson, and C. Bartberger, 2001, Basin-centered gas systems of the U.S.:U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-135, Version 1.0, 1 CD-ROM.</ref>
  27 KB (3,753 words) - 14:53, 12 March 2019
• Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS): limitations
  ...unaffected or only slightly reduced in concentration. T_m, T_s, moretanes, and C_z (indicated with *) also appear unaffect ...a New Guinea. The three peaks in the top chromatogram to the left of T_s come from the internal standard, which was supposed to be a single co
  8 KB (1,111 words) - 22:05, 15 February 2022
• Condensate banking effect
  ...99> Whitson, C. H., Fevang, Ø., & Yang, T. (1999). Gas Condensate PVT-What's Really Important and Why? IBC Conference. London: IBC UK Conferences Ltd.</ ...ing the productivity of the well.<ref name=Hinchmanandbaree_1985>Hinchman, S. B., & Baree, R. D. (1985). Productivity Loss in Gas Condensate Reservoirs.
  21 KB (3,040 words) - 15:22, 12 December 2022
• Flow units and containers
  * Water saturation (S_w–depth plots) ...the Morrow sandstone in Sorrento field, Cheyenne County, Colorado, ''in'' S. A. Sonnenberg, L. T. Shannon, K. Rader, W. F. von Drehle, and G. W. Martin
  9 KB (1,231 words) - 18:42, 1 April 2022
• Jordan petroleum geology
  ...Maastrichtian [[oil shale]] exploration in central Jordan, where the world’s fourth largest oil shale reserves are located. Organic richness in the Muwa ...an lies to the west of Iraq and Saudi Arabia, which have some of the world’s richest oil and gas reserves. Despite this, only two hydrocarbon fields hav
  16 KB (2,310 words) - 15:13, 19 January 2017
• Fault control on hydrocarbon distribution
  ...s control both the vertical and [[lateral]] distribution of [[hydrocarbon]]s within fields. Some compartments and sands are [[dry]]; others contain sube ...gn an equal chance of some specific percent fill when assessing a prospect's reservoirs and fault compartments. We must understand the following:
  4 KB (515 words) - 21:31, 29 March 2022
• Structural exploration workflow
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra ...ystem|structural play]] concept based on the [[thrust belt]] play of the U.S. [[Rocky Mountains]] area. The following workflow discussion tracks this pl
  4 KB (480 words) - 16:22, 3 February 2022
• Sea level cycle phase and systems tracts
  ...entrout.<ref name=ch04r7 /> <ref name=ch04r15>Armentrout, J., M., Malacek, S., J., Mathur, V., R., Neuder, G., L., Ragan, G., M., 1996, Intraslope basin
  8 KB (1,103 words) - 21:21, 23 February 2022
• Seepage activity and surficial geochemistry
  ...roleum Geology Bulletin, vol. 9, p. 208–221., 10., 1016/0264-8172(92)90092-S</ref><ref name=ch18r2>Abrams, M., A., 1996, [http://archives.datapages.com/
  4 KB (482 words) - 21:00, 31 January 2022
• Normal hydrostatic pressure
  ...or conform to the outline of its container.”<ref name=Webster_1979>Webster's New Twentieth Century Dictionary, Unabridged, 2nd ed., 1979: New York, Simo
  3 KB (480 words) - 13:47, 16 February 2022
• Pressure prediction: analysis of mud weights
  This method's accuracy mainly depends on estimates of mud weight. The accuracy of mud wei
  4 KB (572 words) - 17:56, 17 February 2022
• Australia, Northern TerritoryVelkerri Formation, Beetaloo Sub-basin
  ...ôté, A., B. Richards, C. Altmann, E. Baruch, and D. Close, 2018, Australia’s premier shale basin: five plays, 1,000,000,000 years in the making: The APP ...tt, R. Evans, and S. Stonier, 2017, Exploring the Beetaloo: will Australia’s first viable shale play be sourced by billion year old gas?: The APPEA Jour
  11 KB (1,597 words) - 15:02, 9 January 2024
• Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration
  ...s. Moreover, given the relatively low cost and abundance of [[fossil fuel]]s together with the huge sunken investment in fossil-fuel-based infrastructur ...ptured CO₂ emissions in deep subsurface geological [[reservoir]]s. Carbon sequestration can be pursued as part of a portfolio of greenhouse g
  11 KB (1,644 words) - 21:07, 26 March 2015
• Structural maps and cross sections
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra * Two or more structural [[cross section]]s incorporating all surface and subsurface control (wells and [[seismic data]
  4 KB (504 words) - 14:17, 2 February 2022
• Subsurface maps
  ...subsurface mapping is in great contrast to geological mapping of the earth's surface. Whether using traditional concepts<ref name=pt06r71>Landes, K. L., ...ded by surveyed wells and can be supplemented by [[seismic interpretation]]s, especially offshore. In highly developed fields, typically onshore, suffic
  22 KB (3,076 words) - 13:56, 24 January 2022
• Burial destruction
  ...acement during gasification, the oil may occur in economic [[accumulation]]s updip along the [[migration pathway]].<ref name=ch11r12>Gussow, W. C., 1954 ...asification [[kinetics]] can usually predict at what depth [[accumulation]]s have been gasified.
  11 KB (1,525 words) - 18:50, 1 February 2022
• Economics: key parameters
  | author = Peter R. Rose, Robert S. Thompson ...Books, 238 p.</ref> and Thompson and Wright.<ref name=pt02r16>Thompson, R. S., and J. D. Wright, 1985, Oil property evaluation, 2nd ed.: Golden, CO, Tho
  19 KB (2,745 words) - 21:18, 19 January 2022
• Relationship between porosity and permeability on fractured basement reservoir
  ...on pressure direction and type of rock. A fracture contain 2 uncommon rock’s surface, and contact each other. Volume between surfaces is called by fract ...porosity also has an important part in evaluation dynamic, where the rock’s capacity also called as storage capacity. The parameter is expressed with c
  29 KB (4,601 words) - 16:09, 12 April 2016
• Surface production equipment
  :<math>q = \frac{P_{\rm tf}S^{2}}{600\sqrt{R}}</math> * ''S'' = choke size (1/64 in.)
  9 KB (1,343 words) - 18:42, 20 January 2022
• Phosphatic microfossils
  ...f carbonates dissolved in weak acids or from easily disaggregated [[shale]]s. ...ole-animal specimens discovered recently (e.g., <ref name=ch17r40>Gabbott, S. E., R. J. Aldridge, and J. N. Theron, 1995, A giant conodont with preserve
  4 KB (496 words) - 18:08, 24 January 2022
• Glossary
  ;NOJV:non-operated joint venture(s) ;TJPF:tubing jet(s) per foot
  5 KB (840 words) - 13:51, 18 March 2019
• Irati Formation
  ...Kazaniano-Scythiano) da Bacia do Paraná: Tese de Doutorado, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federa
  3 KB (500 words) - 20:53, 4 April 2019
• Structural lead and prospect delineation
  | author = R.A. Nelson, T.L. Patton, S. Serra
  4 KB (511 words) - 18:50, 3 February 2022
• Fault seal breakdown during production
  ...]: AAPG Bulletin, vol. 50, no. 2, p. 363–374.</ref><ref name=ch10r10>Buck, S., Robertson, G., 1996, Fault seal behavior at Beryl field, UK North Sea: ob
  4 KB (530 words) - 15:21, 30 March 2022
• Seismic sequence analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...to identify [[Depositional sequence identification|depositional sequence]]s and [[Systems tracts identification|systems tracts]] on [[Seismic data|seis
  5 KB (647 words) - 15:49, 4 February 2022
• Age model chart
  ...eology of the Mississippi River deltaic plain, southeastern Louisiana: U., S. Army Engineer Waterway Experiment Station, Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, ...Modified from Gross et al.<ref>Gross, O. P., K. C. Hood, L. M. Wenger, and S. C. Harrison, 1995, Seismic imaging and analysis of source and migration wi
  13 KB (1,871 words) - 20:06, 24 February 2022
• Thelma field
  ...en Ground Spur ([[:file:M115CH11FG01.jpg|Figure 1]]). The T-Block [[field]]s were discovered by Philips Petroleum in the 1970s and have been on producti ...–400.</ref>; Kerlogue et al., 1994<ref name=Kerlogueetal1994>Kerlogue, A., S. Cherry, H. Davies, M. Quine, and G. Spotti, 1994, The Tiffany and Toni oil
  17 KB (2,614 words) - 19:14, 17 January 2022
• Procedure for basin-fill analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...ic maps]] of [[Depositional sequence identification|depositional sequence]]s.
  5 KB (599 words) - 18:54, 4 February 2022
• Geological heterogeneities
  ...sediment texture]]s, [[stratification type]]s, and [[bedding architecture]]s. Variability is compounded by postdepositional alterations of the strata, s ...onate sediments and environments|Carbonate lithofacies]]). [[Pore network]]s, [[grain size]] characteristics, and [[mineralogy]] can be analyzed by rout
  17 KB (2,232 words) - 21:22, 19 January 2022
• Drill stem testing
  * formation properties, including [[permeability]] (''k''), skin (''S''), and radius of investigation (''r''_i) ...eum Engineers Paper No. 13182, p 1–20.</ref><ref name=pt03r34>Matthews, C. S., and D. G. Russell, 1967, Pressure buildup and flow tests in Wells: SPE Mo
  26 KB (4,009 words) - 15:09, 24 January 2022
• Kingfisher field
  ...ical Society (London) Memoir 20, p. 183–190.</ref> and South [[Brae field]]s<ref name=Roberts1991>Roberts, M. J., 1991, The South Brae Field, Block 16/7 ...d (49.37%) and Marathon Oil North Sea U.K. Limited (0.89%). [[Hydrocarbon]]s produced from the Upper [[Jurassic]] [[Brae reservoir|Brae]] and [[Heather
  16 KB (2,358 words) - 16:28, 11 January 2024
• Continental drift
  ...ental drift is a principle that explains the current position of the earth's lithospheric plate. This principle was put forward by Alfred Wegener in 191
  4 KB (552 words) - 20:31, 11 March 2016
• Fault plane profile
  ...endent [[Trap leakage|leak points]], and help assess [[hydrocarbon volume]]s. ...o its correct depth on the fault plane profile.<ref name=ch10r2>Allan, U., S., 1989, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1988-89/data/pg/0073/0
  9 KB (1,461 words) - 21:57, 28 March 2022
• Trap
  ...en he noted the occurrence of oil on [[anticline]]s. I.C. White took Logan's anticlinal trap concept and applied it to search for oil and gas in 1855. S ...cal and chemical properties of subsurface fluids, can allow [[hydrocarbon]]s to accumulate.
  4 KB (614 words) - 17:02, 12 April 2022
• Biostratigraphic correlation and age determination
  ...13 p.</ref> Kennett and Srinivasan<ref name=ch17r51>Kennett, J. P., and M. S. Srinivasan, 1983, Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera: A Phylogenetic Atlas: S Changes in the abundance or species composition of [[fossil assemblage]]s within a biostratigraphic zone are useful in refining correlations.
  11 KB (1,595 words) - 18:09, 24 January 2022
• Hammerfest basin
  ...the depth of the structural spillpoint in all but one of the [[structure]]s ([[:file:M114CH10FG02.jpg|Figure 2]]). These observations testify to leakag ...ms, in A. M. Spencer, A. F. Embry, D. L. Gautier, A. V. Stoupakova, and K. Sørensen, eds., Arctic petroleum geology: Geological Society (London) Memoir
  23 KB (3,382 words) - 18:40, 10 January 2019
• Quartz
  | author = Dana S. Ulmer-Scholle, Peter A. Scholle, Juergen Schieber, Robert J. Raine ...quartz provenance (from Basu et al., 1975<ref name=Basuetal1975>Basu, A., S. W. Young, L. J. Suttner, W. C. James, and G. H. Mack, 1975, Re-evaluation
  8 KB (1,127 words) - 20:21, 23 January 2019
• Economics: global supply and demand
  ...nsport industry in the form of diesel, petrol and gasoline. Due to the oil’s diverse use, there is inelastic demand for it in the short run, meaning tha ...he collapse in oil prices in 1986 following a major change in Saudi Arabia’s oil policy, which brought about over flooding of the market.<ref>Blanchard,
  9 KB (1,388 words) - 15:38, 14 March 2019
• Amplitude variations with offset (AVO)
  ...l incidence (fig.3), some of the P-Waves that come will transform into the S waves so that there will be a reflection coefficient variation as a result *Rutherford,S.R. and Williams R.H. (1989). Amplitude-versus-offset Variations in Gas Sand
  9 KB (1,404 words) - 21:39, 27 March 2019
• Systems tracts and trap types
  ...the transgressive systems tract and the highstand systems tract. In White's classification, [[Well_log_sequence_analysis#Parasequence_stacking_patterns ...d-prone facies may prevent adequate lateral seal for [[stratigraphic trap]]s.
  9 KB (1,239 words) - 16:58, 24 February 2022
• Erosional trap regime
  ...ontacts between erosional surfaces and underlying or overlying [[reservoir]s. | rowspan = 4 | [[Stratigraphic trap]]s || rowspan = 4 | Erosional traps; Form as a result of erosional processes
  5 KB (588 words) - 16:13, 13 April 2022
• Pore throat size and connectivity
  ...] (S_w), pore throats control [[permeability]] to [[hydrocarbon]]s in reservoir rocks.
  4 KB (650 words) - 14:23, 4 April 2022
• Mandal-Ekofisk(!) petroleum system
  ...]] shows the pod of active source rock and the oil and gas [[accumulation]]s that were charged by this same pod of active source rock; all are within th ...name=ch03r5>Hughes, W., B., Holba, A., G., Miller, D., E., Richardson, J., S., 1985, Geochemistry of the greater Ekofisk crude oils, in Thomas, B., M.,
  9 KB (1,184 words) - 18:46, 3 March 2016
• Reflection configuration patterns
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...dite]] channel fills. Contorted features may be shale-prone [[debris flow]]s. Precise identification of depositional environments requires integration w
  5 KB (592 words) - 17:46, 4 February 2022
• Petroleum reservoir fluid properties
  ...ov/gip/2008/58/ The geologic time spiral—A path to the past] (ver. 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 58.</ref>]] [[Petroleum]] [[reservoir]]s may contain any of the three fluid phases—water (brine), oil, or gas. The
  19 KB (2,721 words) - 21:21, 19 January 2022
• Eolian reservoirs
  ...he dunes may dry out to form flat-lying evaporitic crusts called [[sabkha]]s. Playa lakes are desert lakes that episodically dry out. ...iments are commonly reported. Lindquist<ref name=Lindquist_1983>Lindquist, S. J., 1983, [https://www.onepetro.org/journal-paper/SPE-10993-PA Nugget Form
  19 KB (2,690 words) - 18:42, 1 August 2016
• Plate tectonics and basin formation
  ...ates intersect with each other. [[W:List of tectonic plates|Here are Earth's tectonic plates]]: * Bird's Head Plate
  24 KB (3,689 words) - 17:46, 18 April 2019
• FWhitehurst sandbox
  * macroporous, macropore(s) http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/macroporous * S wave http://wiki.seg.org/wiki/Dictionary:S-wave
  22 KB (3,024 words) - 21:42, 19 December 2014
• Basin-centered gas systems: examples
  ...of Jonah field using seismic and sonic velocity interpretations, ''in'' D. S. Anderson, J. W. Robinson, J. E. Estes-Jackson, and E. B. Coalson, eds., Ga ...><ref name=Macgowanetal_1993 /><ref name=Surdametal_1997>Surdam, R. C., Z. S. Jiao, and H. P. Heasler, 1997, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpub
  25 KB (3,445 words) - 19:01, 14 March 2016
• 3-D seismic data: immersive visualization
  ...d-tracking (changing the data appropriately for changes in the interpreter's head location with respect to the screen) has been applied to both surface
  4 KB (601 words) - 19:49, 27 January 2022
• AAPG Wiki:Copyrights
  ...a copyright violation, you should at least bring up the issue on that page's discussion page. Others can then examine the situation and take action if n
  5 KB (737 words) - 17:01, 9 October 2013
• Fault trap regime
  | rowspan = 7 | Fault trap; Fault(s) forms part or all of the closure of the trap by sealing the reservoir eith
  5 KB (740 words) - 16:04, 13 April 2022
• Siliciclastic shorelines and barrier island reservoirs
  ...e Scott field, UK North Sea (from Guscott et al.<ref name=Guscott>Guscott, S., K. Russell, A. Thickpenny, and R. Poddubiuk, 2003, The Scott field, Block ..., and O. Tosun, 1999, Fulmar: A mature field revisited, in A. J. Fleet and S. A. R. Boldy, eds., Petroleum geology of northwest Europe: Proceedings of t
  18 KB (2,607 words) - 15:33, 15 January 2024
• Introduction to biosteering operation
  ...rognosis and LWD correlations with well AC-1.<ref name=Fadiya_2014>Fadiya, S. L. 2014. Impact of wellstie biostratigraphy on exploration drilling in the ...name=Jonesetal_2005>Jones, R. W., Lowe, S., Milner, P., Heavey, P., Payne, S. & Ewen, D. 2005. The role and value of “biosteering” in hydrocarbon re
  20 KB (2,916 words) - 21:04, 21 April 2022
• Standard interpretation
  * Determine the water saturation (''S''_w). A resistivity model is interpreted for saturation. This mod :<math>\phi_{\rm s} = \frac{\Delta t_{\rm l} - \Delta t_{\rm ma}}{\Delta t_{\rm fl} - \Delta t
  25 KB (3,776 words) - 19:53, 18 January 2022
• Reservoir quality
  | author = S. P. Grier, D. M. Marschall The permeability of a rock is a measure of the rock's ability to transmit fluid (see [[Permeability]]). Permeability, measured in
  18 KB (2,514 words) - 17:47, 21 January 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: development
  ...ceous source rocks and the occurrence of oil and gas in the west central U.S.:Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists Continuing Education Notes, unpag ...ones of the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group, Piceance basin, Colorado]: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-357, 165 p.</ref> in the Rocky Mount
  34 KB (4,772 words) - 14:44, 12 March 2019
• Identifying depositional sequences in seismic sections
  ...preted as a relative sea level lowstand delta.<ref name=ch04r92>Sutter, J. S., and H. L. Berryhill, Jr., 1985, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulle ...sea floor (between two sets of bold arrows). Three listric [[growth fault]]s (down arrows) cut through the clinoforms. These growth faults are part of t
  10 KB (1,394 words) - 21:47, 22 February 2022
• Well types
  ...conomic in the efforts to drain a specific configuration of [[hydrocarbon]]s. Various drilling strategies can be adopted to place wells in specific patt ...tration is faster.<ref name=Downtonetal_2000>Downton, G., A. Hendricks, T. S. Klausen, and D. Pafitis, 2000, [https://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/resource
  24 KB (3,753 words) - 19:33, 3 March 2016
• Geodynamics of terrestrial exoplanets
  ...parameters, the [[geodynamic]] regime at a given time point in the planet’s history is likely to fall within one of three categories: ...e tectonics analogous to Earth's.<ref name=Katterhorn_Prockter>Katterhorn, S. and L. Prockter, 2014, Evidence for subduction in the ice shell of Europa,
  19 KB (2,736 words) - 12:59, 14 March 2019
• Basement fault blocks and fault block patterns
  | author = Edward A. Beaumont, S. Parker Gay ...posed Precambrian crystalline crust. Copyright: Gay;<ref name=Gay1995>Gay, S.P., Jr., 1995, The basement fault block pattern: its importance in petroleu
  5 KB (617 words) - 19:55, 27 January 2022
• Diagenetic traps: criteria for recognition
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael * Hydrocarbon [[accumulation]]s in the absence of structural [http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/en/Terms
  5 KB (611 words) - 21:06, 4 February 2022
• East Breaks geochemistry
  ...f C₁₀ through C₃₀ alkanes on the [[gas chromatogram]]s below, suggesting that the stratigraphically deeper GA-3 oil is less degrad ...xpulsion and migration of progressively more mature products as the source(s) passed through the oil window. Alternative interpretations are offered in
  5 KB (648 words) - 15:33, 23 March 2022
• Growth fault
  ...in Parts of North-Central and Western Houston Metropolitan Area, Texas]: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1136</ref>
  4 KB (630 words) - 18:28, 2 April 2019
• Coalbed methane
  ...mous potential energy resource.<ref name=Bibleretal_1998>Bibler, C. J., J. S. Marshall, and R. C. Pilcher, 1998, [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ...as. Lesser amounts can occur as free gas in [[fracture]]s (called [[cleat]]s) and large pores, and/or dissolved in the groundwater present in pores and
  5 KB (691 words) - 21:13, 19 November 2015
• How to plot the strike data to the Rosette diagram
  ...on of linear structural features such as faults, beds, joints, and [[fold]]s. Dip is the angle at which a planar feature is inclined to the horizontal p ...get a smoother and/or a larger surface), until the air bubble in the "Bull's eye level" is centered.
  5 KB (747 words) - 18:47, 26 March 2019
• Cross section
  ...to a north-south plane. (From Slatt et al.<ref name=pt06r122>Slatt, R. M., S. Phillips, J. M. Boak, and M. B. Lagoe, 1993, Scales of geological heteroge ...veloping [[fold]]s or the thickening of the section across [[growth fault]]s. The following elements of cross section design are presented as if they we
  20 KB (3,029 words) - 16:09, 24 January 2022
• Core description
  ...atapages.com/data/specpubs/study63/APPENDIX3/APPENDIX3.HTM Appendix 3], in S. C. Ruppel, ed., Anatomy of a giant carbonate reservoir: Fullerton Clear Fo ..., and contacts are given. [[Grain size]] of sillclclastic rocks and Dunham's<ref name=pt05r50>Dunham, R. J., 1962, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/s
  13 KB (1,786 words) - 20:50, 19 January 2022
• Reservoir
  ...S, N2), or some combination of these.<ref name=gluyas2004> Gluyas, J., and S. Richard, 2004, Petroleum Geoscience: Blackwell Science Ltd.</ref> ...ive Volume: Geological Society (London) Memoir 14</ref><ref>Gluyas, J. G., S. M. Grant, and A. G. Robinson, 1993, Geochemical evidence for a temporal co
  14 KB (2,134 words) - 16:48, 26 March 2019
• Recognizing stacked depositional sequences from well data
  Regional stratigraphic well-log [[cross section]]s form the foundation for many basin studies. They give a regional view of ba ...practical. Where available, add measured sections and [[core description]]s to the grid.
  14 KB (1,901 words) - 15:16, 9 January 2024
• Tight gas reservoirs: evaluation
  ...bilities of 0.1 md (millidarcy) or less are officially recognized by the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) as “tight gas reservoirs.” ...1985, U., S. natural gas availability—gas supply through the year 2000: U. S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment, OTA-E-245, 252 p.</ref> cited in
  11 KB (1,444 words) - 21:26, 4 January 2024
• Coal bed methane (UDip)
  ...inside of pores within the coal (called the matrix). The open [[fracture]]s in the coal (called the cleats) can also contain free gas or can be saturat ..., 2006, Coalbed gas plays, west and east—A study in contrasts: An investor’s guide to coalbed methane, A supplement to Oil and Gas Investor, v. 26, no.
  10 KB (1,576 words) - 14:42, 2 April 2019
• Carbonate sedimentary rocks classification
  ===Folk’s Criteria=== [[w:Folk classification|Folk's classification]] system is based on three basic components of limestone:
  16 KB (1,986 words) - 14:09, 19 December 2023
• Seal capacity variation with depth and hydrocarbon phase
  ...Bulletin, vol. 66, no. 4, p. 408-–429.</ref><ref name=ch10r59>Nelson, J., S., Simmons, E., C., 1995, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1994-
  5 KB (765 words) - 20:55, 31 March 2022
• Iran petroleum systems
  ...ic conditions and resulted in the accumulation of excellent [[source rock]]s in localized depressions when [[anoxic]] conditions prevailed. ...um Geology, v. 21, p. 535-554.</ref> <ref name=Sherkatietal_2005>Sherkati, S., Molinaro, M., Frizon De Lamotte, D., and Letouzey, J., 2005, [http://www.
  27 KB (3,901 words) - 13:51, 26 January 2017
• Parasequences (fourth- and fifth-order sequences)
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael
  5 KB (619 words) - 22:26, 3 February 2022
• Systems tracts identification
  Certain types of hydrocarbon [[trap]]s are more commonly associated with a particular [[Depositional systems tract ...sis_fig4-20.png|{{figure number|4}}Contrast of the abundance of sinistral (s) ''Globorotalia menardii (G. menardii)'' and ''Globorotalia inflata (G. inf
  15 KB (2,029 words) - 21:21, 23 February 2022
• Capillary pressure
  ...urated by mercury at the maximum pressure is the ''maximum saturation'' (''S''_max). The unsaturated pore volume at that pressure is the ''min ...e is reduced to the minimum is called ''the residual mercury saturation'' (S_R).
  23 KB (3,315 words) - 16:59, 19 January 2022
• Electrical methods
  | author = Arnold S. Orange ...al methods]] are used to determine the electrical resistivity of the earth's subsurface. Thus, electrical methods are employed for those applications in
  15 KB (2,130 words) - 21:19, 19 January 2022
• Stratigraphic trap seals
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...c]] and [[combination trap]]s require top, [[lateral]], and bottom [[seal]]s to retain a hydrocarbon [[accumulation]]. [[:file:exploring-for-stratigraph
  5 KB (632 words) - 20:26, 3 February 2022
• Combining well log with seismic sequence analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...s have been analyzed for sequences, well log and [[seismic interpretation]]s should be tied together by generating a synthetic seismogram from log infor
  5 KB (746 words) - 16:54, 4 February 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: elements and processes
  ...25-357.</ref> and Surdam et al.<ref name=Surdametal_1997>Surdam, R. C., Z. S. Jiao, and H. P. Heasler, 1997, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpub ...ones of the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group, Piceance basin, Colorado]: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-357, 165 p.</ref> The occurrence of
  20 KB (2,949 words) - 18:24, 6 April 2016
• Carbonate porosity formation and preservation
  ...k becoming a good-quality rock. [[Porosity]] can be created late in a rock's life; however, concentrating on the early history of a carbonate rock is ge
  5 KB (708 words) - 17:27, 5 December 2023
• Hydrocarbon accumulation: the seven critical elements
  ...ical elements are necessary for subsurface [[hydrocarbon]] [[accumulation]]s to occur: * [[Migration]] and [[trap]]ping of [[hydrocarbon]]s
  5 KB (636 words) - 21:47, 1 February 2022
• Libya hydrocarbon provinces
  | author = Hassan S. Hassan and Christopher C. G. Kendall ...retaceous]] sections, rich in [[type II kerogen]], form the [[source rock]]s for the petroleum and gas in these basins.
  17 KB (2,361 words) - 16:19, 30 January 2017
• Midale porosity, pore geometries, and petrophysics
  ...urn field. Copyright: Coalson et al.;<ref name=Coalson1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals and fluid-flow barriers
  5 KB (659 words) - 16:54, 12 April 2022
• Using and improving surface models built by computer
  ...ing so that data values continue to fall on the correct side of [[contour]]s. ...oints is not feasible. Instead, hand-drawn maps should be used. [[Contour]]s from hand-drawn maps are digitized and used as input for the surface modeli
  40 KB (6,039 words) - 20:49, 19 January 2022
• Biogeography
  Australia's eventual separation from Gondwana to become an island continent about 43 Ma ...Palaeontology 44, p. 225–259.</ref> They did not reach as far south as 30°S paleolatitude but extended north of 30°N, reflecting the existence of a co
  5 KB (668 words) - 18:11, 31 January 2022
• Seismic facies analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael
  6 KB (809 words) - 17:46, 4 February 2022
• East Breaks seal rock
  ...l. After Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armentroutetal1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, and C. R. Beeman, 1991, Seismic facies of slop ...ncyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-hemipelagicsediment.html hemipelagic] [[mudstone]]s and have a top seal associated with the condensed section of the ''Glob alt
  5 KB (662 words) - 14:48, 19 December 2023
• Sandstone diagenesis: composition and texture
  ...osity through diagenesis. Stonecipher et al.<ref name=ch09r60>Stonecipher, S., A., Winn, R., D. Jr., Bishop, M., G., 1984, [http://archives.datapages.co
  5 KB (729 words) - 20:48, 5 April 2022
• Structural geology
  ...o passive margins that have high sediment supply. Their fault plane [[dip]]s mostly toward the basin and has long-term continuous displacement. [[:File: * Large scale deformation of the Earth’s [[crust]] = [[plate tectonics]]
  14 KB (2,168 words) - 21:31, 13 March 2019
• Identifying sea level cycle phase with biostratigraphy
  In basin [[depocenter]]s, much of the stratigraphic record consists of deposits accumulated during r ...entrout et al<ref name=ch04r12>Armentrout, J. M., L. B. Fearn, K. Rodgers, S. Root, W. D. Lyle, D. C. Herrick, R. B. Bloch, J. W. Snedden, and B. Nwankw
  11 KB (1,548 words) - 16:58, 24 February 2022
• East Breaks critical moment
  ...a salt-cored high. Copyright of: Armentrout et al.;<ref>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, and C. R. Beeman, 1991, Seismic facies of slop
  5 KB (715 words) - 17:07, 23 March 2022
• Rock physics analysis for reservoir identification
  ...logy (rock physics diagnostic) by utilizing a given Vp-Vs-Rho set (P-wave, S-wave velocities, and density). ...mé Petrophysical Parameters; “λρ”, “μρ”, and “λ/μ fluid stack”, from P and S Inversions: SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, p. 183-186.</ref>
  15 KB (2,356 words) - 18:00, 26 April 2022
• Production problems
  ...roleum Technology, April, p. 518.</ref> and Odeh<ref name=pt09r19>Odeh, A. S., 1968, Steady-state flow capacity of wells with limited entry to flow: Soc Another form of corrosion is that from hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), which is a combination of electrical and chemical corrosion. The severity
  16 KB (2,540 words) - 18:41, 20 January 2022
• Economics: time value of money
  | author = Robert S. Thompson ...ave an 8-9% [[corporate discount rate]]. During this time, however, most U.S. companies were using a discount rate of 12-15%, and international firms we
  12 KB (1,101 words) - 15:13, 14 April 2022
• Preparing to go to the field
  ...permissions from owners and/or authorities to access land or airspace. It's a good idea to get permissions in writing and carry them with you.
  5 KB (730 words) - 22:36, 1 February 2022
• Paleoclimatology
  ...on to forests of other regions of the northern hemisphere and Australia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1106-K, 37 p.</ref> for example, sugg ...on Upper Devonian source rock sequences and stacked extinctions (abs.), in S. Lidgard, and P. R. Crane, eds., Fifth North American Paleontological Conve
  5 KB (657 words) - 18:11, 31 January 2022
• Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage
  ...ustralian Gas Journal, p. 40–41.</ref><ref name=Bachuandgunter_1999>Bachu, S., and W. D. Gunter, 1999, Storage capacity of CO₂ in geological ...g and controlling geomechanical effects of CO₂ injection, in E. S. Rubin, D. W. Keith, and C. F. Gilboy, eds., Greenhouse gas control technol
  37 KB (5,487 words) - 21:14, 11 March 2019
• Sill intrusion mechanism, parameters, and temperature effect of sills on a petroleum system
  ...l waves (Vp ~5-7 km/s) compared to the sedimentary cover rocks (Vp ~3-5 km/s) . 3D mapping of sills makes it possible to take a fresh look at the mechan ...te elastic deformations of homogeneous materials under load. Applying Mohr's circles to describe the behavior of rocks allows us to form only a qualitat
  29 KB (4,365 words) - 21:07, 21 April 2022
• Structurally complex reservoirs: evaluation
  ...n of geological and geophysical data to generate maps and [[cross section]]s that show the attitude, geometry, and thickness of key reservoir beds; the ...al dip<ref name=Ramsay_1967></ref> and can constrain the shapes of [[fold]]s in section. (From Lammerson.<ref name=Lammerson1982>Lammerson, P. R., 1982,
  20 KB (2,865 words) - 19:24, 19 January 2022
• Flow units for reservoir characterization
  ...aulic unit.''<ref name=pt06r67>Krause, F. F., H. N. Collins, D. A. Nelson, S. D. Mochemer, and P. R. French, 1987, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/b ...EOF) project<ref name=Hearn_et_al._1984>Hearn, C. L., W. J. Ebanks Jr., R. S. Tye, and V. Ranganathan, 1984, [https://www.onepetro.org/journal-paper/SPE
  16 KB (2,282 words) - 20:46, 19 January 2022
• 3-D seismic data: the data cube
  ...d apply to both dollar volume and acquisition effort. International (non-U.S.) seismic prospecting could be as high as 75% 3-D. We live in a 3-D world a Let's take our example a step further. Think of a 3-D seismic data set as a box f
  5 KB (813 words) - 19:05, 27 January 2022
• Techniques for enhancing seismic facies analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael
  5 KB (720 words) - 18:51, 4 February 2022
• Geology workstation
  ...numerous geoscience applications have been developed to make the geologist's job easier, and these are summarized in the following list: ** [[Contour]]s
  19 KB (2,872 words) - 14:28, 20 January 2022
• Paraná Basin
  ...nte Sul-Americano: Evolução da Obra de Fernando Flávio Marques de Almeida: São Paulo, Brazil, Editora Beca, p. 265–279.</ref>]] ...n et al.<ref name=Zalan_1990> Zalán, P. V., S. Wolff, M. A. M. Astolfi, I. S. Vieira, J. C. J. Conceição, V. T. Appi, E. V. Santos Neto, J. R. Cerquei
  22 KB (3,382 words) - 19:52, 4 January 2024
• Facies map
  ...Geologic Mapping: Prentice-Hall, 648 p.</ref><ref name=ch04r107>Visher, G. S., 1984, Exploration Stratigraphy: Tulsa, PennWell Books, 334 p.</ref> We ma ...]] ([[:file:sedimentary-basin-analysis_fig4-38.png|Figure 5]]). [[Contour]]s are for areas with at least [[length::200 ft]] (60 m) of net sand. The sand
  15 KB (2,070 words) - 20:34, 7 July 2016
• Vaca Muerta, La Luna Shale, South America
  '''By Jason Flaum, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO, USA''' ...eposit-is-now-producing-at-record-levels-matching-us-well-scores Argentina’s Vaca Muerta tight oil deposit is now producing at record levels, matching U
  11 KB (1,644 words) - 16:14, 11 May 2023
• Using conventional well logs to estimate richness
  ...te depth control, and greater vertical resolution.<ref name=ch06r7>Herron, S., L., 1991, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/geochem1/data/a037
  5 KB (768 words) - 15:48, 9 February 2022
• Geothermal energy
  ...e, unless it is concentrated enough and hot enough when close to the Earth's surface. ...n both the solid rock and the water or steam-filling pores and [[fracture]]s. The steam or hot water are used mainly as the fuel for the operation of el
  13 KB (1,918 words) - 18:12, 2 April 2019
• Recognizing stacked depositional sequences in seismic profiles
  .... 158–169.</ref><ref name=ch04r3>Anderson, R., N., Abdulah, K., Sarzalejo, S., Siringan, F., Thomas, M., A., 1996, Late Quaternary sedimentation and hig
  5 KB (698 words) - 14:57, 23 February 2022
• Conventional coring
  The precursor of today's heavy duty core barrels is the marine core barrel. This tool was developed Today's special heavy duty core barrels have been developed to core harder than nor
  13 KB (1,885 words) - 20:49, 19 January 2022
• Geological fieldwork benefits
  ...Offices don't provide the same opportunity. Most of us like fieldwork; it's why we entered the profession.
  5 KB (771 words) - 21:12, 1 February 2022
• Oil shale
  ...es and world land areas: [http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1965/0523/report.pdf U.S. Geological Survey Circular 523], 30 p.</ref> and Office of Technology Asse ...to retort oil from shale imported from Canada. &ldquo;Colonel&rdquo; Drake's discovery of oil near Titusville, Pennsylvania, in 1859 closed down the oil
  6 KB (893 words) - 19:01, 14 March 2016
• Mowry Shale, Powder River Basin, Wyoming
  ...issues from the thick bentonites that are found throughout the Mowry. EOG’s return to the Mowry Shale in 2018 with modern slickwater completions design The Mowry’s depth and mixed Type II/III kerogen makes it more gas and condensate prone
  4 KB (677 words) - 17:14, 22 December 2023
• Biostratigraphy in sequence stratigraphy
  ...oic chronostratigraphy and cycles of sea-level change, in C. K. Wilgus, B. S. Hastings, C. G. St. C. Kendall, H. W. Posamentier, C. A. Ross, and J. C. V ...Basic open hole tools|well log]] picks. Correlation across [[growth fault]]s, where stratal thickness and character can vary greatly from the high to th
  16 KB (2,247 words) - 19:23, 24 January 2022
• Wettability
  ...t of the contact angle and the interfacial tension (the last term in Young's equation) ...of oil, water, and rock system. (After Raza et al.<ref name=pt05r134>Raza, S. H., Treiber, L. E., Archer, D. L., 1968, Wettability of reservoir rocks an
  12 KB (1,706 words) - 15:11, 24 January 2022
• The Neuquén Basin: Sequence Stratigraphy of Vaca Muerta Formation
  ...'in''' H. A. Leanza, C. Arregui, O. Carbone, J. C. Daniela, and J. M. Vallés, eds., Geología y Recursos Naturales de la Provincia del Neuquén, Neuqué ...cial referencia a la Formación Vaca Muerta entre los Paralelos 35º y 40º l.s. Cuenca Neuquina-Mendocina: Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina,
  16 KB (2,490 words) - 15:32, 8 January 2021
• In-situ stress characterization and applications
  ...ayyib-Figure1.png|{{Figure number|1}}Movement of the tectonic plate (Earth’s outer shell: Crust & Lithospheric Mantle) generate in-situ stress (from Dua ...force acts parallel to a plane, the stress is called a Horizontal Stress (σs). Generally, the stress acting on a plane is oblique which means it is neit
  28 KB (4,031 words) - 15:49, 28 November 2022
• Great American carbonate bank, biostratigraphy
  | author = J. F. Taylor, J. E. Repetski, J. D. Loch, S. A. Leslie ...ark, 1971, Lower Ordovician conodonts in North America, in W. C. Sweet and S. M. Bergstrom, eds., Symposium on conodont biostratigraphy: Geological Soci
  58 KB (8,121 words) - 16:35, 1 August 2016
• Well log sequence analysis
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...from the interpreted logs. Stacking patterns displayed in [[cross section]]s and individual logs show accommodation space changes which help us identify
  6 KB (845 words) - 16:53, 4 February 2022
• Strain partitioning
  ...r zones) and an arc normal component (accommodated through [[thrust fault]]s).<ref name=Platt93>Platt, J.P. (1993). "Mechanics of Oblique Convergence". Table below shows relative velocities of India's convergence with Asia. The [[lateral]] variability in velocity between the
  13 KB (1,732 words) - 22:01, 23 January 2019
• Scientific method: application to exploration
  ! Step || Action || Example(s)
  6 KB (808 words) - 15:30, 18 February 2022
• Who finds oil?
  Theoretically, every geologist with a master's degree or higher from an accredited institution has the necessary scientifi ...making [[Subsurface maps|maps]], [[cross section]]s, and [[block diagram]]s. Unfortunately, by not learning to draw at an adult level, we have largely
  6 KB (826 words) - 14:29, 18 February 2022
• Cuba: Geologic history
  ...Central Intelligence Agency employee, taken or made as part of that person's official duties. As a Work of the United States Government, this image or m ...f features such as the presence of well-preserved [[Jurassic]] [[ammonite]]s, the rich [[Tertiary]] [[foraminiferal]] faunas (including remarkable [[Pal
  30 KB (4,263 words) - 22:00, 23 January 2019
• Organic compounds: environmental indicators
  ...basic data on sterane distributions. From Palmer;<ref name=ch08r38>Palmer, S. E., 1984, Hydrocarbon source potential of organic facies of the lacustrine ...carbon number distributions of marine [[source rock]] derived [[crude oil]]s through geological time: Organic Geochemistry, vol. 12, p. 61–73, DOI: 10
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• Oil correlation case history: West Siberian basin
  ...in the United States and Europe have addressed the question of the source(s) of oils in the prolific West Siberian basin. Peters et al.<ref name=ch08r4
  6 KB (950 words) - 13:46, 16 February 2022
• Seismic attributes
  ...ribute]]s were first used in the mid-1980s for interpreting [[fault trace]]s on reservoir horizons. Since then there has been an explosion in the number ...rpretation include Brede and Thomas<ref name=ch13r1>Brede, E., C., Thomas, S., W., 1986, Interactive fault mapping: a case study: The Leading Edge, vol.
  6 KB (859 words) - 19:42, 27 January 2022
• Midale lithofacies and distribution
  ...n Weyburn field. From Coalson et al.;<ref name=Coalson1994>Coalson, E. B., S. M. Goolsby, and M. H. Franklin, 1994, Subtle seals and fluid-flow barriers
  6 KB (842 words) - 18:50, 4 December 2023
• Risk: expected value and chance of success
  ...many exploration ventures do not succeed, and not all [[development well]]s and projects succeed either, so the consequences of such failure must be co ...thickness and [[permeability]]. In any case, what we seek is the geologist's confidence in the existence of at least a minimal reservoir—thickness, ex
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• Depocenter
  ...tion]], and [[thermal maturation]] of potential hydrocarbon [[source rock]]s. Delineation of these depocenters is the second step in basin analysis. Sub ...oner, J., C., H. W. Posamentier, R. M. Mitchum, P. R. Vail, J. F. Sarg, T. S. Loutit, and J. Hardenbol, 1988, An overview of the fundamentals of sequenc
  6 KB (811 words) - 16:50, 22 February 2022
• Llanos basin
  ...voirs. Uncertainties on this water flow impact the economy of the [[field]]s whatever the high success rate of exploration in this area. In addition to ...en proposed (Villegas et al., 1994<ref name=Villegasetal1994>Villegas, M., S. Bachu, J. C. Ramon, and J. Underschultz, 1994, Flow of formation waters in
  23 KB (3,247 words) - 22:50, 8 January 2019
• Fractured reservoir evaluation
  A ''fractured reservoir'' is one in which naturally occurring [[fracture]]s either have or are predicted to have a significant effect on reservoir [[Fu ...racture]] occurrence and lithology<ref name=pt06r100>Pitman, J. K., and E. S. Sprunt, 1986, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/resmi1/data/a06
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• Drilling fluid
  * S.G. = specific [[gravity]] (dimensionless) (international) ! S.G.
  13 KB (1,866 words) - 21:17, 19 January 2022
• Artificial lift
  * [[seg:Dictionary:Artificial lift|Dictionary:Artificial lift]] in Sheriff's Encyclopedic Dictionary
  7 KB (1,094 words) - 20:47, 19 January 2022
• Definitions of depositional system elements
  ...46 AAPG Memoir 64], 487 p.</ref> or a rift basin<ref name=ch04r82>Prosser, S., 1993, Rift-related linked depositional systems and their seismic expressi
  7 KB (901 words) - 20:45, 22 February 2022
• Show evaluation
  * Detection of [[hydrocarbon]]s in drill cuttings ...ction from that zone<ref name=pt03r18>Ferrie, G. H., Pixler, B. O., Allen, S., 1981, Well-site formation evaluation by analysis of hydrocarbon ratios: 8
  18 KB (2,670 words) - 18:21, 21 January 2022
• Offshore rigs
  ...mersible rig West Aquarius, near St. John’s, Newfoundland, drilled Statoil’s Harpoon and Bay du Nord light oil discoveries in 2013. Courtesy of Statoil ...2]]). The weight of the rig is sufficient to keep it on location. The rig's legs can be jacked down to drill and jacked up to move to a new location. W
  7 KB (1,016 words) - 16:56, 20 January 2022
• Uncertainties impacting reserves, revenue, and costs
  ...ive considerations of all relevant data, especially maps, [[cross section]]s, geophysical data, borehole log interpretations, analogous producing patter ...sentation of the distribution and is determined approximately by ''Swanson's Rule of approximation''<ref name=Megill_1988>Megill, R. E., 1988, An introd
  21 KB (3,123 words) - 19:27, 19 January 2022
• Other correlation features
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...ennsylvanian (Desmoinesian), Paradox basin and Aneth field, southwestern U.S.A., in J. F. Read, L. J. Weber, J. F. Sarg, and F. M. Wright, eds., Milank
  6 KB (872 words) - 15:20, 4 February 2022
• Arecuna field
  | author = D. S. Hamilton, J. Yeh, P. Calderon, R. Barba, M. Rodriquez, J. Castillo, M. H. ...he heavy-oil belt (modified from Erlich and Barrett<ref>Erlich, R. N., and S. F. Barrett, 1992, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/specpubs/basinar3/da
  16 KB (2,381 words) - 19:03, 11 March 2019
• East Breaks hydrocarbon generation model
  ...in. From Armentrout et al.<ref name=Armentroutetal_1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, and C. R. Beeman, 1991, Seismic facies of slop
  6 KB (850 words) - 15:33, 23 March 2022
• Oil and condensate analysis
  ...iscriminating than bulk property data.<ref name=pt05r88>Kaufman, R. L., A. S. Ahmed, and R. J. Elsinger, 1990, Gas chromatography as a development and p ...ntervals when production is commingled<ref name=pt05r87>Kaufman, R. L., A. S. Ahmed, and W. B. Hempkins, 1987, A new technique for the analysis of commi
  14 KB (2,013 words) - 16:48, 20 January 2022
• Sandstone sedimentology and stratigraphy
  ...ital for the success of any petroleum industry since over 60% of the world’s giant fields have sandstone reservoirs. ...most significant type of petroleum reservoir rock in over 60% of the world’s giant fields; composed of mainly [[quartz]] and/or feldspars and typically
  27 KB (3,802 words) - 19:32, 9 January 2024
• Thin section analysis
  ...the most porous parts of a [[reservoir]], and commonly induces [[fracture]]s and disrupted fabrics within samples. ...al fabrics in recrystallized [[carbonate]] rocks<ref name=pt05r48>Dorobek, S. L., 1987, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1986-87/data/pg/007
  24 KB (3,264 words) - 15:09, 24 January 2022
• Palynofacies and kerogen analysis
  Combaz<ref name=ch17r27>Combaz, A., 1964, Les palynofaciès: Revue de Micropaléontologie, vol. 7, p. 205–218.</ref> introduced the t ...to detailed sequence-stratigraphic studies. This is complemented by Tyson's<ref name=ch17r90>Tyson, R. A., 1995, Sedimentary organic matter—organic f
  6 KB (805 words) - 18:09, 24 January 2022
• Predicting carbonate reservoir location and quality
  ...52>Sarg, J. F., 1988, Carbonate sequence stratigraphy, in C. K. Wilgus, B. S. Hastings, C. G. St. C. Kendall, H. W. Posamentier, C. A. Ross, and J. C. V Regional [[cross section]]s are critical for all interpretations in an exploration play. Regional cross
  7 KB (894 words) - 14:15, 11 April 2022
• Sea level cycles and climate
  The earth's climate has ranged from times of cooler temperatures (icehouse) to times of
  7 KB (894 words) - 20:54, 6 April 2022
• Two-dimensional geophysical workstation interpretation: generic problems and solutions
  ...fies company requirements. The speed and interactive capabilities of today's workstations allow raw paper and digital data to be input and then transfor ...caling must be to the same amplitude reference<ref name=pt08r10>Howell, G. S., Pepper, R. E. F., 1988, Mapping seismic amplitude and seismic attributes:
  20 KB (2,848 words) - 14:29, 20 January 2022
• Minibasin
  ...basin. From Armentrout et al.;<ref name=Armentrout1991>Armentrout, J. M., S. J. Malacek, P. Braithwaite, and C. R. Beeman, 1991, Seismic facies of slop ...Figure 3]]). The diagram depicts salt-cored anticlines and [[growth fault]]s separating the [[Depocenter#Sediment_supply_rate_and_facies_patterns|progra
  7 KB (952 words) - 18:44, 21 March 2022
• Carbonate reservoir
  A significant proportion of the world's oil reserves are found in carbonate reservoirs. Many of these are located i ...racteristic of carbonates. There can be a great diversity of [[grain size]]s and shapes in most carbonate sediments compared to sandstones.
  38 KB (5,571 words) - 15:31, 16 January 2024
• Open hole tools
  ...d with feldspars, and radioactive minerals associated with [[igneous rock]]s and rock fragments. The gamma ray response is used for correlation of forma The photoelectric effect, or Pe, measures a formation's ability to absorb gamma rays. The absorptive abilities of formations vary w
  23 KB (3,350 words) - 17:26, 18 January 2022
• Critical elements application: Niobrara example
  ...mpletions#Liner completions|slotted liner]]) with [[cement-block fracture]]s Once the critical factors from the analog field(s) are fully understood, we can devise the best exploration methods to deline
  7 KB (962 words) - 16:03, 18 February 2022
• Meandering fluvial reservoirs
  ...reservoir in the subsurface (e.g., Bridge<ref name=Bridge_2003>Bridge, J. S., 2003, Rivers and flood plains: Forms, processes and sedimentary record: O ...no. 9, p. 11–19.</ref> Noah et al.,<ref name=Noahetal_1992>Noah, J. T., G. S. Hofland, and K. Lemke, 1992, Seismic interpretation of meander channel poi
  32 KB (4,727 words) - 21:03, 15 January 2024
• Petroleum system concept: examples of application
  ...C., 1992, The role of source rock studies in petroleum exploration, in K. S. Johnson and B. J. Cardott, eds., Source Rocks in the Southern MidContinent * [[Accumulation]]s occur above or near to the pod of active source rock.
  7 KB (1,083 words) - 21:59, 25 January 2022
• Core handling
  ...y effort should be made to prevent the core from weathering or changing if s fluid contents. Speed is important when handling hard rock to prevent alter
  7 KB (1,083 words) - 20:50, 19 January 2022
• Delta plain, lower
  ...ite]] or barren [[salt flat]]s, where intricate networks of [[tidal creek]]s occur and are separated by broad evaporative sequences. From the standpoint ...ically in many cases.<ref name=Colemanandgagliano_1964>Coleman, J. M., and S. M. Gagliano, 1964, Cyclic sedimentation in the Mississippi River deltaic p
  27 KB (4,229 words) - 16:41, 6 April 2016
• Hydrostatic pressure-depth plot construction
  # Plot measured pressure from the [[aquifer]]s (100% water saturation [S_w] ) in the well. If none is available, go to step 3. ...depth of meteoric water influence, the increase in TDS in [[connate brine]]s is linear and ranges from 25,000 to 100,000 mg/1 per [[depth::1000 ft]] (80
  7 KB (895 words) - 18:57, 16 February 2022
• Deltaic reservoirs
  ...t al.<ref name=Tyeetal_1999>Tye, R. S., J. P. Bhattacharya, J. A. Lorsong, S. T. Sindelar, D. G. Knock, D. D. Puls, and R. A. Levinson, 1999, [http://ar ...Niger Delta Province, Nigeria, Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea, Africa: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 99-501], 210 p.</ref>
  34 KB (4,776 words) - 18:18, 5 January 2024
• Drilling a well
  ...n be accessed for production or injection<ref name=Holditch_1992>Holditch, S. A., 1992, [[Well completions]], ''in'' D. Morton-Thompson and A. M. Woods, ...he near wellbore area. This can locally improve the permeability, the rock's capacity to flow. Acidization can be particularly effective in increasing t
  15 KB (2,385 words) - 15:05, 1 August 2016
• Sea level cycles and carbonate sequences
  ...F., 1988, Carbonate sequence stratigraphy, in Wilgus, C. K., Hastings, B. S., Kendall, C. G. St. C., Posamentier, H. W., Ross, C. A., and Van Wagoner,
  7 KB (989 words) - 20:45, 6 April 2022
• Sidewall coring
  ...e the fluid saturation analysis will be. Dictating the [[core description]]s into a portable tape recorder can speed up this work and make more complete ...e. The sample containers should be labeled with the sample depth, operator's name, and well name. The detailed sample description should be on a separat
  7 KB (1,100 words) - 21:16, 19 January 2022
• Basin-centered gas systems: evaluation and exploration strategies
  ...forated and [[fracture]]d.<ref name=Montgomeryandrobinson_1997>Montgomery, S. L., and J. W. Robinson, 1997, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns ...is considerably less than horizontal or slant holes. For example, at the U.S. Department of Energy Multiwell Experiment site in the Piceance basin of Co
  34 KB (5,070 words) - 15:11, 23 August 2016
• Cross-leaking fault
  * Common [[free water level]]s (FWL) ...AAPG Bulletin, vol. 64, no. 2, p. 145–172.</ref><ref name=ch10r2>Allan, U. S., 1989, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1988-89/data/pg/0073/0
  8 KB (1,155 words) - 21:31, 24 March 2022
• Synthetic seismogram
  ...0px|thumb|{{figure number|2}}Simple synthetic seismogram. From software by S. Hill, Conoco.]]
  8 KB (1,199 words) - 13:57, 24 January 2022
• Reservoir modeling for simulation purposes
  ...ng of the significance of the data.<ref name=pt10r15>Hurst, A., Archer, J. S., 1986, Sandstone reservoir description—an overview of the role of geolog ...xample, can be estimated using a statistic approach.<ref name=pt10r1>Begg, S. H., Chang, D. M., Haldorsen, H. H., 1985, A simple statistical method for
  17 KB (2,234 words) - 21:21, 19 January 2022
• Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin, North Dakota and Montana
  '''By Kristen Marra, U.S. Geological Survey, Central Energy Resources Science Center, Denver, CO, US The Bakken and Three Forks Formations were assessed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2013, resulting in undiscovered, technically r
  7 KB (1,004 words) - 22:08, 4 March 2022
• Faults: structural geology
  ...of [[lithofacies]]. In structurally complex fields, faults and [[fracture]]s provide major elements influencing production performance. This article dis ...7, Structural evolution of the Penguins cluster, UK northern North Sea, in S. J. Jolley, D. Barr, J. J. Walsh, and R. J. Knipe, eds., Structurally compl
  63 KB (9,496 words) - 16:51, 15 January 2024
• Three-dimensional seismic method
  ...from the use of 2-D rather than 3-D migration<ref name=pt07r13>French, W. S., 1974, Two-dimensional and three-dimensional migration of model-experiment
  8 KB (1,201 words) - 20:24, 21 January 2022
• Subsurface diagenesis and its relation with diagenetic trap on carbonate rocks reservoir
  ...y by the diagenetic dissolution produces size of pore with shape with that’s interconnected level widely. ...igration]] and chances of forming new permeability is always as joint that’s formed after diagenesis process.
  16 KB (2,395 words) - 21:18, 9 January 2024
• Mudstone nomenclature
  | author = O. R. Lazar, K. M. Bohacs, J. Schieber, J. H. S. Macquaker, T. M. Demko ...seal capacity, and geomechanical attributes (e.g., Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus).
  58 KB (8,391 words) - 19:46, 20 February 2024
• Magnetics: interpreting residual maps
  | author = Edward A. Beaumont, S. Parker Gay
  8 KB (1,109 words) - 17:41, 24 January 2022
• Oil correlation case history: Norwegian sector, North Sea
  ...workers<ref name=ch08r20>Hughes, W. B., A. G. Holba, D. E. Miller, and J. S. Richardson, 1985, Geochemistry of greater Ekofisk crude oils, in Thomas, B
  8 KB (1,116 words) - 22:16, 15 February 2022
• Paleontology
  ...s play a role in predicting the location of [[reservoir]]s, [[source rock]]s, and [[pinch out|pinch-out]] of porous strata. ...2>Wolfe, J. A., 1977, Paleogene floras from the Gulf of Alaska region: U., S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 997, p. 108.</ref>. (From Magoon & Cl
  17 KB (2,331 words) - 20:11, 10 August 2016
• Fishing
  * Drill string failure from such causes as metal fatigue, H₂S embrittlement, differential sticking, and overstressed drilling assembly, c
  8 KB (1,156 words) - 21:19, 19 January 2022
• Oilfield water analysis
  ...y (''R''_w). This value is needed to determine its saturation (''S''_w) in the producing formation by wireline log analysis. Consequ Water from [[dry hole]]s is sometimes analyzed for traces of hydrocarbon-related organic compounds,
  7 KB (1,011 words) - 16:57, 20 January 2022
• Migration by separate phase
  ...{figure number|1}}Phase diagram. After Pepper.<ref name=ch07r10>Pepper, A. S., 1991, Estimating the petroleum expulsion behavior of [[source rocks]]: a
  8 KB (1,155 words) - 15:17, 14 February 2022
• Dolomite and dolomitization: Implications for reservoir characterization
  ...ith evaporites are formed in seepage-reflux and evaporative drawdown model(s) (Morrow, 1982a, b; Awais et al., 2020a). Some other models of dolomitizati ...ochemistry; isotopes of carbon, magnesium, oxygen and strontium). Dolomite’s fluid inclusion analysis is also conducted to determine microthermometry an
  38 KB (4,996 words) - 21:07, 21 April 2022
• Kerogen
  ...Vitrinite|vitrinite]], and structureless material. The types of [[kerogen]]s present in a rock largely control the type of hydrocarbons generated in tha | author = S. R. Jacobson
  17 KB (2,363 words) - 17:40, 9 February 2022
• Rock-water reaction
  Both the critical salinity<ref name=Khilar_etal_1983>Khilar, K. C., and H. S. Fogler, 1983, Water sensitivity of sandstones: Society of Petroleum Engine #has an inadequate total cation (Na^s+, ''K''⁺, NH_4⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg<
  17 KB (2,356 words) - 19:24, 19 January 2022
• Rock-water reaction: formation damage
  Both the critical salinity<ref name=pt05r96>Khilar, K. C., Fogler, H. S., 1983, Water sensitivity of sandstones: Society of Petroleum Engineers Jou ...ned water saturation is increased.<ref name=pt05r6>Amaefule, J. O., Masuo, S. T., 1986, Use of [[capillary pressure]] data for rapid evaluation of forma
  17 KB (2,380 words) - 18:23, 21 January 2022
• Thermal maturation
  ...is primarily useful for Devonian and younger clastic sediments and [[coal]]s. ...D., 1977, Conodont color alteration—an index to organic metamorphism: U., S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 995, p. 1–27.</ref> and conodont al
  8 KB (1,113 words) - 18:10, 24 January 2022
• Marcellus Shale (Devonian) -- Appalachian Basin
  ...s Shale of the Appalachian Basin is the most extensive shale play in the U.S., covering about 66,600,000 acres (USGS Marcellus Shale Assessment Team, 20 In October 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) published Fact Sheet 2019-3050, “Assessment of
  19 KB (2,773 words) - 21:36, 4 March 2022
• Structural restoration
  ...uential restoration).‎<ref>Vidal-Royo, O., T. E. Hearon IV, C. D. Connors, S. Bland, F. Schaefer, O. Ferrer, I. Mora, et al., 2015, Introduction to spec ...iscrete and finite element modeling.‎<ref name=Masinietal_2011>Masini, M., S. Bigi, J., Poblet, M. Bulnes, R. Di Cuia, and D. Casabianca, 2011, Kinemati
  17 KB (2,335 words) - 17:14, 13 October 2022
• Subduction zone
  ...s reveal the structure and composition of materials deep beneath the Earth’s surface. ==The Earth’s Crust==
  27 KB (4,033 words) - 20:52, 27 March 2019
• Magnetics: petroleum exploration applications
  | author = Edward A. Beaumont, S. Parker Gay * Aiding 2-D and 3-D [[seismic interpretation]]s
  9 KB (1,274 words) - 17:59, 24 January 2022
• Depositional sequence analysis of plays
  | author = John C. Dolson, Mike S. Bahorich, Rick C. Tobin, Edward A. Beaumont, Louis J. Terlikoski, Michael ...location of stratigraphic or combination traps using the [[cross section]]s, seismic sections, and maps generated during an analysis of the seismic str
  8 KB (1,184 words) - 20:44, 4 February 2022
• Deltaic environments
  ...image. The grey area to the bottom of the "triangle" of the delta is Egypt's Capitol, Cairo. On the border between Israel and Jordan is the Dead Sea, at ...s_of_clastic_depositional_systems#Eolian_deposits|eolian dune]]s, [[swamp]]s, [[marshes]], and [[evaporite]] [[Sabkha|flats]].<ref name=Coleman_1976>Col
  9 KB (1,310 words) - 19:47, 12 January 2016
• Delta plain, upper
  ...lta plain originate from the migratory tendency of [[distributary channel]]s, [[overbank]] flooding during annual highwater periods, and periodic breaks ...posits. In either case, the slumping results in an increase of the channel's cross-sectional area, thereby reducing velocity and causing deposition on t
  33 KB (4,905 words) - 16:40, 6 April 2016
• Super basins
  |Affiliation=¹Pluspetrol S.A., ²Binghamton University ...073.html Super basin thinking: Methods to explore and revitalize the world’s greatest petroleum basins]: AAPG Bulletin, v. 104, p. 2463-2506</ref>
  27 KB (3,791 words) - 19:35, 11 October 2022
• Diagenetically complex reservoir evaluation
  ...ction]] from Longman<ref name=pt06r78>Longman, M. W., T. G. Fertal, and J. S. Glennie, 1983, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/1982-83/data/p | <ref name=pt06r91>Morgan, J. T., F. S. Cordiner, and A. R. Livingston, 1977, Tensleep reservoir study, Oregon Bas
  31 KB (4,171 words) - 18:22, 21 January 2022
• Influence of mechanical stratigraphy on deformation styles
  ...with low quartz cementation content, high Young’s modulus, and low Poisson’s ratio. Both mechanical and fracture stratigraphy exhibit the same patterns. ...conditions based on the rigidity contrast with adjacent beds. While today’s rigidity measurements are related to the recent fracturing event can be mea
  23 KB (3,162 words) - 17:28, 5 December 2023
• Geologic mapping (UB)
  ...ithological bearings ([[strike]] and [[dip]]s), faults, folds, [[fracture]]s, or many processes have had occurred in earlier times. ...ed boundaries of four different types of rocks.<ref>Franceschelli, C., and S. Marabini, 2006, Luigi Ferdinando Marsili (1658-1730): A Pioneer In Geomorp
  10 KB (1,547 words) - 14:07, 19 March 2019
• Fluid inclusions: analysis and applications
  ...r ultraviolet light (right).<ref name=Atwahetal_2021>Atwah, I., Mohammadi, S., Moldowan, M., Dahl, J., 2021. Episodic hydrocarbon charge in tight Missis ...used to extract samples from reservoirs.<ref name=Georgeetal_2007>George, S.C. Volk, H. Ahmed, M. 2007. Geochemical analysis techniques and geological
  20 KB (2,691 words) - 21:06, 21 April 2022
• Core alteration and preservation
  ...tion data.<ref name=Keelan_1985>Keelan, D. K., 1985, Coring Part 1--Why it's done: World Oil, v. 200, n. 4, p. 83-90.</ref> The economic implications of ...-value-of-money 1.jpg|Table 2]]).<ref name=Hunt_etal_1988>Hunt, P. K., and S. L. Cobb, 1988, Core preservation with a laminated, heat-sealed package: SP
  20 KB (2,971 words) - 15:46, 19 January 2022
• Carbonate diagenesis
  ...s-and-flow-characterization_fig1.png|thumb|300px|{{figure number|1}}Dunham's<ref name=pt06r29>Dunham, R. J., 1962, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/s ...]s are concentrated in channels between islands and produce [[tidal delta]]s on the lee side of the island.
  23 KB (3,026 words) - 20:48, 19 January 2022
• Main Central Thrust
  ...ral Thrust''' is one of the north-dipping and NW—SE strike [[thrust fault]]s along the [[Himalaya]]<ref>Upreti, B. N., 1999, An overview of the stratigr ...reater Himalayan Crystalline complex<ref name=":2"/><ref>Daniel, C. G., L. S. Hollister, R. R. Parrish, and D. Grujic, 2003, Exhumation of the Main Cent
  10 KB (1,434 words) - 15:39, 20 January 2016
• Lithofacies and environmental analysis of clastic depositional systems
  ...sis|well cuttings]], [[Thin section analysis|thin sections]], [[sand peel]]s ...ed with the geometry suggested by the interpreted depositional environment(s). The depositional interpretation of a reservoir exerts a major impact on t
  38 KB (5,198 words) - 22:11, 15 January 2024
• Petroleum basins of Turkey
  | author = Ahmet Sami (A. S.) Derman ...kish sedimentary basins: tectonnic framework and hydrocarbon potential, in S. Turgut, ed., Tectonic and Hydrocarbon Potential of Anatolia and surroundin
  52 KB (7,769 words) - 20:28, 18 January 2017
• Gas chromatography: data obtained
  ...son;<ref name=ch08r46>Robinson, K. M., 1987, An overview of [[source rock]]s and oils in Indonesia: Proceedings, Indonesian Petroleum Association 16th A ...a low-wax oil derived from typical marine algae. [[Pristane-phytane ratio]]s for such oils tend to be slightly above 1.0. This Alaskan oil was derived f
  22 KB (3,123 words) - 21:38, 15 February 2022
• Log analysis: lithology
  * Metamorphic and [[igneous rock]]s The interpretation method best suited for shaly [[sandstone]]s is dependent upon the distribution of shale, the clay type, the mineralogy
  25 KB (3,189 words) - 17:24, 18 January 2022
• Three-dimensional modeling of clinoforms in shallow-marine reservoirs
  .... Jackson, G. J. Hampson, M. E. Farrell, A. R. Sprague, J. Stewart, and C. S. Calvert, 2011, [http://archives.datapages.com/data/bulletns/2011/05may/BLT ...he Cretaceous Western Interior Basin, U.S.A., inA. Robinson, P. Griffiths, S. Price, J. Hegre, and A. H. Muggeridge, eds., The future of geologic modell
  113 KB (16,689 words) - 22:11, 15 January 2024
• Borehole imaging devices
  ...determining [[lithofacies]] types, [[fold]]s, [[fault]]s, and [[fracture]]s influencing reservoir compartmentalization, extent, and performance. ...ewer technique.<ref name=pt04r23>Zemanek, J., R. L. Caldwell, E. E. Glenn, S. V. Holcomb, L. J. Norton, and A. J. D. Straus, 1969, The Borehole Teleview
  10 KB (1,313 words) - 16:24, 18 January 2022
• Production histories
  ...Type curves are generated using analytical or numerical solutions to Darcy's law. A simple type curve is shown in [[:file:production-histories_fig2.png|
  11 KB (1,656 words) - 18:41, 20 January 2022
• South Pass 62 field
  ...dite pay sandstones range in depth from 1000 to 6000 m. [[Horizontal well]]s focused on seven late Miocene deltaic and shore-face sandstones ([[:file:Mt ...d easy to correlate. Horizontal wells in these reservoirs were the program's most productive and profitable (C11 and D32). Excellent connectivity and co
  9 KB (1,290 words) - 21:18, 19 October 2016
• Example: mapping depocenters through time
  ...From Hall et al.;<ref name=Hall1993>Hall, D. J., B. E. Bowen, R. N. Rosen, S. Wu, and A. W. Balley, 193, Mesozoic and early Cenozoic development of the In the northern GOM basin, [[depocenter]]s [[Well_log_sequence_analysis#Parasequence_stacking_patterns|prograde]] ([[:
  11 KB (1,496 words) - 18:17, 22 February 2022
• EMD Tight Oil & Gas Committee 2019-20 Annual Report
  Advisory Group Member - Bruce S. Hart, Freelance Geologist & Adjunct Professor at Western University ...hed lines show forecast production through the end of 2021. Data Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration.]]
  9 KB (1,373 words) - 20:57, 6 April 2021
• Wattenberg field
  ...s are extended by [[drilling]]; (2) new pay zones, pools, and [[reservoir]]s are found by drilling or recompletions; (3) infill wells or stimulation pro ...nificantly added to the total reserve number. The field is ranked by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) based on reserves as the fourth-la
  72 KB (10,249 words) - 20:06, 15 January 2024
• Shale-gas resource systems
  ...secondary migration into nonsource horizons juxtaposed to the source rock(s).<ref name=W&L1984 /> Certainly additional migration away from the resource ...er Cretaceous Austin Chalk and Eagleford Formation, south-central Texas, U.S.A., in B. J. Katz, ed., Petroleum source rocks: Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p.
  73 KB (10,728 words) - 18:16, 11 January 2024
• Seismic data acquisition on land
  ...ced electronics have spawned areas of specialization beyond any one person's grasp. This necessitates good communication between the explorers and their
  10 KB (1,389 words) - 16:20, 20 January 2022
• Contouring geological data with a computer
  ...gation. Ideas based on the regional geological framework and the geologist's bias arising from prior experience are an inherent part of the hand-contour ...ed spacing. These values are then used to estimate positions of [[contour]]s crossing each grid rectangle. The complete surface is assembled from contig
  25 KB (3,597 words) - 20:49, 19 January 2022
• Data: sources
  ...ive. Data files stored on a computer should be labeled with the originator's initials, a date, and some idea of the significance of the data, e.g., "MS ...s that it significantly improves the project value and reduces the company's investment risk.<ref name=Gerhardtandhaldorsen_1989>Gerhardt, J. H., and H.
  43 KB (6,686 words) - 13:44, 18 March 2019

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